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Biomedical subjects

S H Beck

Publications and source records attributed to S H Beck.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1988

Earnings inequality over the work career.

One common finding in analyses of inequality is that older workers exhibit higher levels of inequality than younger workers (excluding very young workers). The common assumption has been that this is an "aging", or more specifically, experience, effect, but this has rarely been investigated. In terms of a substantive explanation of such an aging effect, only the human capital perspective presents an explicit theory of why earnings inequality increases with age. This perspective is reviewed and criticized and an alternative perspective, based on a structural approach, is presented. A "restricted cohort analysis" is undertaken with the use of PSID data on earnings and wages from the early 1970s and early 1980s. The analysis generally supports the notion that as cohorts age over the work career earnings dispersion increases, although period and cohort effects may also be present. Within-cohort inequality was decomposed using broad occupational classes, with the results showing that age differences are partly due to increasing earnings/wage differentials between occupations. Discussion centers around implications of these findings for future research on income and earnings inequality/determination and the impact of aging on these economic processes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Retirement preparation programs: differentials in opportunity and use.

Two issues rarely addressed in the retirement planning field are (a) the proportion of older workers who participate, or have the opportunity to participate, in retirement preparation programs; and (b) socioeconomic differentials in access to such programs. Data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of older men were used to investigate these two issues. The data indicate that fewer than 4% of this sample of men aged 60 to 74 in 1981 had participated in a retirement preparation program. Logistic multiple regression analysis indicated that level of education, occupational status, government employment, and private pension coverage were positively related to the likelihood of participation as well as the likelihood of opportunity to participate. Conclusions from this analysis are (a) very few older men are ever exposed to retirement preparation programs and (b) those who would seem to benefit most from preparation programs, low status and low income workers, are the least likely to have access to these programs.

Aged↗
PubMed1982

Adjustment to and satisfaction with retirement.

Research over the past 30 years concerning the effect of retirement on personal adjustment has resulted in conflicting findings. Some studies reported a negative effect for retirement; others showed no effect at all. This study utilized the National Longitudinal Surveys of Mature Men to test the net effect of retirement on happiness with life and to analyze an evaluation of retirement item in order to discern specific factors that cause lower satisfaction with retirement. Logistic multiple regression and ordinary least squares regression were used in the analysis. The main findings are as follows: (a) although a negative bivariate relationship exists between retirement and happiness with life, retirement has no significant net effect; (b) health factors, recent widowhood, and income have the greatest impact on happiness with life; and (c) poor health, lower income, and earlier-than-expected retirement are the main determinants of negative evaluations of retirement.

Adaptation, Psychological↗