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Biomedical subjects

S H Cedar

Publications and source records attributed to S H Cedar.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

From embryos to embryonic stem cells: biopolitics and therapeutic potential.

The inner cell mass of the preimplantation blastocyst, from which all the cells of the body develop, is a source of embryonic stem cells. These cells can be maintained in their undifferentiated state over long periods in culture and yet retain their pluripotency. The generation of human stem cells capable of differentiating into all the cell types of the human body opens the way for the use of these cells in therapeutic transplantation for a myriad of diseases. However, as discussed here, there are a number of logistical, biological, and clinical hurdles that must be overcome prior to the use of these cells in routine clinical practice.

Cell Differentiation↗
PubMed2006

Stem cell and related therapies: nurses and midwives representing all parties.

Nurses and midwives are part of health care in all the stages of our lives from preconception to death. Recent scientific advances have introduced new techniques of screening and diagnosis linked to stem cell isolation and therapies. These could affect us at any age and therefore nurses will be involved as carers and patients advocates for these techniques. In this article stem cell techniques and therapies are outlined, as well as some of the ethical challenges faced by various nursing groups, whether in adult, learning difficulties, mental health, paediatric, primary care, public health or health visiting areas. Nurses have to understand the ethical issues and the rights of all parties (donor, recipient and families), which may conflict with each other, to be able to weigh up the benefits and costs to each group involved. Answers have to be found on a case-by-case basis within local moral frameworks and law. Nurses represent all parties in these therapies and act as advocates for every patient group. They need to act in an interprofessional environment to promote the best interests of all their clients, both clinically and ethically.

Cloning, Organism↗
PubMed1983

Multiple differentiation programs in K562 erythroleukemia cells and their regulation.

The chronic myeloid leukemia-derived cell line K562 expresses, in its uninduced state, notable erythroid features. However, in addition to the presence of well-characterized "erythroid-specific" molecules, such as hemoglobin and glycophorin A, there is increasing evidence of both granulopoietic and megakaryocytic differentiation in this cell line. In this chapter we have further characterized erythroid and nonerythroid features in order to investigate the range of differentiation programs expressed by uninduced K562 cells. Also we have extended these observations by attempting to manipulate the expression of the different lineage-specific components of the phenotype of the K562 cell line in induction experiments. The aim of these studies was to attempt to determine the extent and significance of multipotentiality in K562. The relationship of our findings on the phenotype of K562 to the nature of multipotent hemopoietic stem cells and their differentiated progeny in normal and malignant hemopoiesis is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Expression of red cell specific determinants during differentiation in the K562 erythroleukaemia cell line.

A human haemopoietic cell line (K562) which exhibits various erythroid characteristics, has been utilised as a model system for studying erythropoietic differentiation. We have analysed the alterations in expression of cell membrane determinants which accompany the induction of Hb synthesis. We confirm that the K562 cell line exhibits a number of erythroid features: it expresses immunologically detectable membrane proteins, glycophorin A and spectrin and can ber induced, by addition of haemin or n-butyrate, to synthesise Hb. N and i-like blood group activities are demonstrable in uninduced K562, but band 3, ABH and other major alloantigens characteristic of mature erythrocytes are lacking. The acquisition of cell surface antigens typifying erythroid or other haemopoietic lineages has not been demonstrated following induction, although certain properties not associated with morphologically recognisable red cell precursors are lost. The relevance of these findings to the foetal nature and possible multipotentiality of the K562 cell line are discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The function of stem cells and their future roles in healthcare.

Adult stem cells from bone marrow have been used in the treatment of cancer for many years. Recently, however, interest has developed in the isolation and growth of adult, cord and embryonic stem cells for use in regenerative medicine. Their therapeutic use will undoubtedly be implemented in nursing practice in a variety of clinical areas. This article is a brief introduction to stem cells and addresses the biology of these cells and their potential clinical applications, looking at three possible diseases as examples: myocardial infarction, type 1 diabetes and osteoarthritis.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An overview of education and 'new genetics'.

Research and development in the field of genetics and the Human Genome Project will have a major impact on the future of health care and the services on offer for users. The authors discuss the importance of educating nurses about genetic developments so that they can apply this knowledge to practice.

Clinical Competence↗