Biomedical subjects

S H McBride

Publications and source records attributed to S H McBride.

5 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Discrimination of isolates of Mycobacterium bovis in Northern Ireland on the basis of variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRs).

The ability to reproducibly discriminate Mycobacterium bovis isolates and trace their transmission has the potential to clarify sources of infection and major routes of transmission for bovine tuberculosis (TB). A PCR-based genotyping assay has been developed to discriminate between strains of M bovis by examining multiple sites in its genome that consist of variable numbers of tandem repeats (VNTRS). The discriminatory power and reproducibility of this VNTR typing has been compared with that of the established PCR-based spoligotyping technique by using a panel of 461 isolates of M bovis prevalent in Northern Ireland. The VNTR assay discriminated 40 different profiles, the most prevalent of which constituted 21 per cent of the total, compared with 14 profiles discriminated by spoligotyping, the most prevalent of which constituted 65 per cent. No significant differences were observed between the prevalences of the VNTR profiles in the years from 1999 to 2003. A preliminary evaluation indicated that most genotypes predominated in particular areas of the country. This VTNR typing assay was found to be highly discriminating, with the performance characteristics to support its systematic application to the molecular epidemiology of bovine TB.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Risk factors for toxic mastitis in cows.

A case-control study of the management and disease risk factors associated with toxic mastitis in cows was carried out. Seventy-one cases satisfied all the selection criteria, and a subset of 41 cases in which pure growths of Escherichia coil were cultured from milk samples was also investigated. Conditional multiple logistic regression analysis of the 71 cases and matched controls revealed no statistically significant associations. However, among the subset of 41 cases and matched controls, the administration of calcium parenterally at calving (P < 0.01) and assistance at calving (P < 0.01) were both associated with toxic mastitis. Controlling for assistance at calving, the odds of a cow developing E coli toxic mastitis if it had received calcium parenterally at calving were 23 times higher than for a cow that had not received calcium. Similarly, controlling for the administration of calcium at calving, the odds of a cow developing E coli toxic mastitis if it had received assistance at calving were 11 times higher than for a cow that did not receive assistance.

Animal Husbandry↗

PubMed2000

Clinical and laboratory findings in cases of toxic mastitis in cows in Northern Ireland.

This paper describes the clinical and laboratory findings from 264 cases of toxic mastitis in cows in Northern Ireland between October 1995 and May 1997. Nearly all the cases occurred during the winter housing period, with 84 per cent occurring between November and March inclusive, and 30 per cent in March. Sixty per cent of the cases occurred within one month of calving, and 29 per cent within four days of calving. The most common clinical signs were lethargy (92 per cent), discoloured milk (90 per cent), anorexia (72 per cent), tachypnoea (23 per cent), diarrhoea (23 per cent), recumbency (18 per cent) and staggering (15 per cent). Severe pyrexia (18 per cent) and clinical dehydration (44 per cent) were relatively common findings. Pure growths of Escherichia coli were isolated from 50 per cent of the milk samples, but 11 per cent yielded no bacterial growth. In vitro sensitivity tests indicated that enrofloxacin was effective against 98 per cent of the bacteria isolated, and framycetin and amoxycillin/clavulanic acid against 91 per cent. Abnormally high blood urea levels were observed in 31 per cent of cases, high blood creatinine levels in 42 per cent, and severe leucopenia in 56 per cent. Of the cases which were followed up, 14 per cent died, 21 per cent were culled early and a further 22 per cent lost milk production from the affected quarter.

Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Comparative analysis of three instruments designed to measure self-care agency.

A number of instruments are used to measure Orem's (1985) concept of self-care agency. Their use reflects basic assumptions that both the instrument and the underlying tenets of the theory are valid. The purpose of this study was to examine the latent traits associated with three instruments designed to measure self-care agency. These included Denyes' (1980) Self-Care Agency, Kearney and Fleischer's (1979) Exercise of Self-Care Agency, and Hanson and Bickel's (1985) Perception of Self-Care Agency. The convenience sample consisted of 513 adult, nonhospitalized subjects who completed the three instruments. Common factor analysis and canonical correlation were used to identify latent traits and their relationships. The findings support the multidimensionality of Orem's (1985) concept of self-care agency. However, the use of one instrument does not adequately reflect this multidimensionality.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Attitudes toward computers. A test of construct validity.

A study was undertaken to examine the factors that influence student and registered nurse attitudes toward computers. This article provides a report of the psychometric findings related to the use of Stronge and Brodt's Nurses' Attitudes Toward Computerization questionnaire. The convenience sample consisted of 394 registered nurses employed in a large metropolitan hospital and 299 baccalaureate student nurses. Principal component analysis was performed identifying three factors for the nurse sample, including nurses' work, organizational issues, and barriers to use. Four factors emerged in the student sample: nurses' work, barriers, organizational issues, and efficiency issues. These findings were inconsistent with previous studies and the underlying categories identified by Stronge and Brodt. Further development of the understanding of the substantive components of attitudes toward computers is recommended.

Adult↗