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Biomedical subjects

S H Patel

Publications and source records attributed to S H Patel.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Testicular development and its relationship to semen production in Murrah buffalo bulls.

The objectives of this study were to determine the relationship of age and body weight to testicular development and to establish norms for breeding soundness evaluations of Murrah buffalo bulls. Testicular measurements of 133 Murrah buffalo bulls of various ages were recorded with a caliper and a tape. Semen was collected twice a week for 5 weeks from groups of bulls which were 25-36 (n=17), 37-48 (n=16), 49-60 (n=14), of >60 (n=10) months of age. After examining volume, sperm concentration, and progressive motility semen was diluted in Tris-citric acid-egg yolk-fructose extender and frozen in 0.5 ml French straws. Testicular measurements of buffalo bulls were lower than those recorded for European breeds of cattle bulls. Nevertheless, like cattle bulls, scrotal circumference was highly correlated with other testicular measurements. Also, it had a significant positive relationship with semen volume and sperm concentration per ejaculate. Average sperm output per week in order of increasing age group was 15.3, 18.2, 19.8 and 23.6 x 10(9). Corresponding values for sperm output per week per gram of testis were 59.1, 45.8, 41.1, 36.2 x 10(6) indicating a reduction in spermatogenesis per unit of testis with advancing age. Compared to European breeds, daily sperm output in Murrah bulls was nearly 45% lower, presumably due to their nearly 40% lower scrotal circumference than Holstein bulls of the same age. These results indicate that in buffalo, as in cattle, scrotal circumference is a useful indicator of potential sperm output and may serve as an important criterion for selecting young bulls as AI sires.

Aging↗
PubMed2002

Fluid absorption during percutaneous nephrolithotomy: does it matter?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Large amounts of irrigating fluid are used during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). This use may be associated with migrating calculus debris, infection, and fluid absorption. This study evaluated the presence of fluid absorption during PCNL, its clinical and biochemical significance, and maneuvers to reduce it. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fluid absorption during PCNL was evaluated in 148 patients by estimating the expired breath ethanol concentration. Factors thought to affect the amount of fluid absorbed were studied, including the amount of irrigating fluid used, the number of nephrostomy tracts, the presence of a low-pressure system, the presence of existing tracts, and complications such as bleeding or perforation of the pelvicaliceal wall. RESULTS: Fluid absorption was evident in all patients, although no patient had any clinical or biochemical evidence of intraoperative or postoperative electrolyte imbalance. Creating a low-pressure system by using an Amplatz sheath, reducing the amount of irrigating fluid used, and staging the procedure significantly reduced the amount of fluid absorbed. CONCLUSIONS: Fluid absorption does take place during PCNL. This may be clinically significant in patients with compromised cardiorespiratory or renal status and in pediatric patients, leading to fluid overload. Using a low-pressure system, reducing the nephroscopy time and the amount of irrigating fluid used, and staging the procedure for large renal stone burdens, especially in the presence of complications such as perforation of the pelvicaliceal system, reduces fluid absorption and avoids volume overload. Fluid absorption may also be associated with both infective and noninfective pyrexia, necessitating adequate preoperative control of urinary infection.

Absorption↗
PubMed1997

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for lower calyceal stones: can clearance be predicted?

OBJECTIVE: To determine the influence of pelvicalyceal angle, size of the lower calyx infundibulum and lowerpole calyceal anatomy in predicting the clearance of fragments after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for lower calyceal stones. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study comprised a retrospective analysis of 133 patients, divided into 92 who were considered to be completely clear of fragments 6 months after ESWL and 41 who had residual stones. The pelvicalyceal angle, diameter of the lower calyx infundibulum and lower-pole calyceal pattern were determined from intravenous urograms. RESULTS: There were residual stones in 64% of the patients with a pelvicalyceal angle < 90 degrees, in 12% of those with an angle > 90 degrees, in 70% of patients with an infundibular diameter < 4 mm, in 16% of those with a diameter > 4 mm, in 78% with a complex calyceal pattern and 12% with a simple calyceal pattern. CONCLUSIONS: These three anatomical factors play a key role in predicting the clearance of stone and they should be assessed during intravenous urography to facilitate the planning of treatment for lower calyceal stones.

Forecasting↗
PubMed1977

Penbutolol in hypertension: a pilot study with single daily doses.

A pilot single-blind placebo controlled crossover within-patient study was undertaken in essential hypertension. In ten patients single daily doses of 25 mg and 50 mg and in two patients 25 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg were used. Satisfactory reductions in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the supine and erect postures were observed. Reduction in heart rate was of the order of 6-32%, there being no correlation between reductions in blood pressure and decrements in heart rate. Three patients were dropped from the final analyses. Seventy-eight per cent (7/9) of patients had a final diastolic pressure (lying) of 90 mm Hg or less. Single doses of penbutolol controlled blood pressure for at least twenty-four hours. At the end of two weeks on placebo medication, following nine weeks of active drug medication, blood pressure had reverted to near pre-treatment levels. Penbutolol was well tolerated.

Adult↗