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Biomedical subjects

S H Yeh

Publications and source records attributed to S H Yeh.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Innate immune properties of the immortalized macrophage cell line I-9.5.

A colony stimulating factor-1-dependent macrophage cell line, I-9.5, originally derived from a BALB/c splenic macrophage colony, was maintained in culture and examined for the expression of certain properties key to its innate immune function. Chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and superoxide release were assessed in this cell line and compared to either freshly isolated elicited murine peritoneal or splenic macrophages from BALB/c mice. Three separate experiments indicated that I-9.5 displayed comparable phagocytosis of 14C-radio-labeled Staphylococcus aureus and similar levels of superoxide release in response to opsonized zymosan. I-9.5, however, demonstrated impaired chemotaxis toward the chemoattractant, N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and displayed impaired random migration in response to a balanced salt solution. This observation suggests that I-9.5 may serve as an important model for elucidating the structural and molecular correlates of chemotaxis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Radioimmunodetection of human cervical carcinoma xenograft by 111In-labeled monoclonal antibody MAb Cx-99.

Radioimmunodetection (RAID) is more sensitive and specific than conventional diagnostic methods. In this study, a monoclonal antibody against cervical carcinoma antigen, MAb Cx-99, was labeled with 111Indium (111In). This immunoconjugate was intravenously injected into athymic nude mice bearing cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) xenografts. The tissue distribution study showed that the xenograft tumor had higher binding activity than most other tissues after 48 h from injection, demonstrated by localization ratio of tumor of tissues (c.p.m./g) against blood (c.p.m./g). However, this localization ratio was also high in the liver, spleen and kidney. The imaging study by immunoscintigraphy also showed that the tumor and liver were distinct from other background tissues 2 days after injection. This preliminary study showed that 111In-labeled MAb Cx-99 may have potential for RAID of cervical cancer, especially for tumors in the pelvis.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of left ventricular function in Kawasaki disease using equilibrium multigated blood pooling ventriculography.

Twenty-eight children ranging in age from 1-6 years (11 girls, 17 boys) with Kawasaki disease and, for comparison, 30 normal children ranging in age from 1-8 years (8 girls, 22 boys) without any cardiovascular disease were included in this study. The left ventricular functions of the children were evaluated by equilibrium multigated blood pooling ventriculography (EMBPV), which was performed after in vivo labeling of red blood cells using 10 mCi Tc-99m pertechnetate. Scintigraphy was performed using a digital gamma camera with the aid of an electrocardiogram gate. The left ventricular functions were determined by Fourier analysis of the time-activity curve in the left ventricles. The parameters of the left ventricular functions included: 1) systolic phase--[a] ejection fraction (EF), [b] ejection time (ET), [c] peak ejection rate (PER), and [d] first 1/3 ejection rate mean (1/3ERM), and 2) diastolic phase--[a] peak filling rate (PFR), [b] fast filling fraction (FFF), [c] time to peak filling rate (TPFR), and [d] first 1/3 filling rate mean (1/3FRM). The results showed that no significant differences existed between the two groups in any parameter of the left ventricular function. The authors suggest that the left ventricular functions in children with Kawasaki disease are not apparently impaired. The results were proven by the presentation of the EMBPV in this study.

Case-Control Studies↗
PubMed1995

Evaluation of tissue perfusion by the Xe-133 washout method in lower limbs of patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.

Ischemia is thought to be a major component in the pathogenesis of foot problems. The authors use the Xe-133 washout method to evaluate the blood perfusion of muscle tissue in the lower legs of patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Eighty-five male patients with NIDDM ranging in age from 51 years to 79 years (mean, 66.5 years) and 47 nondiabetic control males with a matched age ranging from 52 years to 82 years (mean, 64.5 years) were included in this study. None of the diabetics had a history or presentation of peripheral vascular disease in the lower limbs. The patients were separated into groups according to the duration of the disease and condition of blood sugar control. The Xe-133 washout method was performed in the anterior tibial muscle of all the subjects. According to a Student's t-test, the tissue perfusion were of significant difference between 1) NIDDM and normal controls (1.98 +/- 1.39 ml/100 g/minute versus 2.85 +/- 1.35 ml/100 g/minute), 2) good and poor blood sugar control (2.36 +/- 1.58 versus 1.51 +/- 0.94), and 3) long and short disease durations (1.50 +/- 0.78 versus 2.35 +/- 1.63). It is concluded that the tissue perfusion in the lower legs of patients with NIDDM is significantly decreased and related to the duration of the disease and condition of blood sugar control. This may contribute to the high incidence of foot gangrene and limb loss in patients with NIDDM.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Tc-99m phytate bone marrow scintigraphy showing multiple areas of focal hyperactivity in a patient with lung cancer. A case report.

Focal hyperactivity indicative of metastases is a rare finding in bone marrow imaging. In a lung cancer patient with multiple bony metastases, the Tc-99m phytate bone marrow imaging revealed multiple focal areas of increased radioactivity corresponding to the bone scan findings. The findings presented are consistent with a previous animal study, which found that phytate distribution was similar to that of diphosphonate in the skeletal system of rats and rabbits. The authors conclude that Tc-99m phytate should not be used as a bone marrow imaging agent. Further studies of Tc-99m phytate bone marrow scintigraphy on human beings are under way.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Radionuclide imaging in extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma.

The authors present a case of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. The MR study clearly showed the extent of the tumor and a "rings and arcs" pattern appeared after Gadolinium-DTPA administration in the T1 weighted images. Dynamic Tc-99m MDP and Tc-99m DTPA scintigraphy showed increased blood flow in the mass. The delayed 3-hour images demonstrated moderate Tc-99m MDP uptake, but intense Tc-99m DTPA accumulation in the tumor. Surprisingly, the Ga-67 scan failed to demonstrate the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Supine lung clearance of Tc-99m DTPA and HMPAO aerosols.

The speed of Tc-99m DTPA/HMPAO radioaerosol clearance from the lungs that is represented as a slope from lungs to blood was measured in 23 male normal controls using commercial lung radioaerosol delivery units in the supine position in order to avoid the influences of gravity. The right lung was selected and three regions of interest were created for equal subdivisions of the upper, middle, and lower third. The results show that the clearance of Tc-99m DTPA/HMPAO aerosols in the upper lung is slowest. The differences between upper and lower lungs for Tc-99m DTPA/HMPAO aerosol clearances are significant. The clearance of Tc-99m DTPA aerosols was significantly faster than those of Tc-99m HMPAO in any region. The authors conclude that, although the effect of gravity disappears in the supine position in our study, the differences of aerosol clearance in different regions are still significant. Lipophilic Tc-99m HMPAO aerosols were slower than those of hydrophilic Tc-99m DTPA, which suggests there are at least two different mechanisms.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1995

Three-phase abdominal scintigraphy in lupus vasculitis of the gastrointestinal tract.

Gastrointestinal vasculitis is a recognized but frequently misdiagnosed complication of systemic lupus erythematosus. The authors investigated the usefulness of three-phase Tc-99m pyrophosphate abdominal scintigraphy for identifying areas of vasculitis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus who have gastrointestinal symptoms (diarrhea or abdominal pain). Among patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, 62 of 82 (75%) patients showed positive scan results, suggesting gastrointestinal vasculitis. Among patients without gastrointestinal symptoms, 6 of 43 (13%) patients showed positive scan results. Although three-phase Tc-99m pyrophosphate abdominal scintigraphy cannot provide a definite diagnosis of vasculitis of the gastrointestinal tract, it is a noninvasive and convenient method for suggesting and monitoring gastrointestinal vasculitis.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1995

Morphine-augmented versus CCK-augmented cholescintigraphy in diagnosing acute cholecystitis.

Cholescintigraphy was performed after pharmacological manipulation in 60 patients with a clinical suspicion of acute cholecystitis and non-visualization of the gallbladder 1 h after 99Tcm-DISIDA cholescintigraphy. Thirty patients received an intravenous (i.v.) injection of morphine sulphate (group I) and the other 30 patients an i.v. injection of CCK (group II). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 94, 100, 100 and 93% in group I and 100, 84, 79 and 100% in group II, respectively. There was a significant difference between groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, morphine-augmented cholescintigraphy could supply more reliable diagnostic information and is less time-consuming in patients with a clinical suspicion of acute cholecystitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1995

Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an early sign of pulmonary metastasis.

The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy (HPO) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and assess its clinical significance. Altogether, 407 NPC patients were reviewed retrospectively. HPO was identified by 99Tcm-methylene diphosphonate bone scans and related clinical and radiographic evidence. Pulmonary metastases, bony metastases and titre of anti-Epstein Barr virus (EBV) immunoglobulin were assessed in patients with and without HPO. The patients had a mean (+/- S.D.) age of 50.4 +/- 12.4 (range 17-73) years. HPO was found in 27 of the 407 (6.6%) NPC patients, among whom 13 (48%) had pulmonary metastases. HPO preceded lung metastases by 7-22 months (14.4 +/- 6 months) in 7 (52%) patients. Six patients had overt lung metastases at the time of the bone scan. No significant difference was found in anti-EBV immunoglobulins between the patients with or without HPO, nor in the incidence of bony metastases between these two groups of patients. HPO should be regarded as an early sign of pulmonary metastases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Hepatic perfusion index in evaluating treatment effect of transcatheter hepatic artery embolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

We assumed the hepatic perfusion index (HPI) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and compared the results with the following CT findings. From September 1993 to February 1994, 15 patients with newly diagnosed HCC, proven by biopsy, were studied. Hepatic perfusion index (HPI) studies were performed before-TAE as well as on the 1st day and 7th day post-TAE, and CT scans were performed before and one month after the TAE. HPI at 1st-day post-TAE (HPI1) over HPI pre-TAE (HPIp) and HPI at 7th-day post-TAE (HPI7) over HPIp were calculated. The HPI7/HPIps were chosen to evaluate the efficacy of TAE because they had better correlation with the CT findings than HPI1/HPIps. CT scans performed one month after the TAE showed obvious reduction of tumor size in all 7 patients with a HPI7/HPI p < 0.85 but in only 2 of the 7 patients with a HPI7/HPI p > or = 0.85. The difference was significant, with a p-value of 0.01 by Fisher's exact test. We consider that the HPI with its characteristics of relative safety, convenience, low radiation exposure, and inexpense, may provide an useful modality for early prediction of the efficacy of hepatic artery embolization in the treatment of HCC.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Lung toxicity of chemotherapeutic agents detected by TC-99m DTPA radioaerosol inhalation lung scintigraphy.

We investigated the lung toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs in patients with breast cancer by means of Tc-99m DTPA aerosol scintigraphy. Thirty three patients who underwent surgical resection for breast cancer were divided into two groups, those who received a combination of adjuvant chemotherapy and those who did not. Group 1 consisted of 19 patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy and group 2 consisted of 14 patients who did not received adjuvant chemotherapy. Chemotherapeutic agents included 5-fluorouracil 1000 mg, endoxan 1000 mg and MTX 50 mg, all given intravenously. Aerosol lung scintigraphy was performed in all patients, in the supine position. The degree of lung damage was presented as the half clearance time (T 1/2) in minutes from the dynamic lung images. Only the right lung was used to analyze clearance, in order to avoid interference from stomach activity on the left side. The results show T 1/2 times of 68.18 +/- 20.04 min and 94.46 +/- 34.78 min, over the right lung, for groups 1 and 2, respectively. The difference is significant, with a p-value of 0.016, using the Mann-Whitney U test. We conclude that some chemotherapeutic drugs such as MTX, may result in pulmonary damage and that aerosol lung scintigraphy can provide an objective mean for early detection of pulmonary damage during cytotoxic chemotherapy.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1995

Technetium-99m-pyrophosphate scintigraphic findings of intestinal perforation in dermatomyositis.

Gastrointestinal complications are more common in children than in adults and present a serious problem with dermatomyositis. We report on a 66-yr-old man with dermatomyositis who suffered from intestinal perforation. The abdominal plain radiograph revealed only dilatation of the intestinal loops; increased radioactivity, however, was clearly demonstrated in the early 5-min and delayed 3-hr 99mTc-pyrophosphate images.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

99Tcm-HMPAO and 99Tcm-DTPA radioaerosol clearance measurements in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

The clearance rate of an inhaled aerosol of a lipophilic complex, 99Tcm-hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (99Tcm-HMPAO), was compared with that of a hydrophilic complex, 99Tcm-diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (99Tcm-DTPA), in nine normal subjects and in eight patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Data were acquired as follows. The subjects were placed supine with their back against the scintillation camera and breathed aerosol for 2 min; pulmonary radioactivity was then monitored for 30 min. A time-activity curve (TAC) was generated from the region of interest (ROI) over the periphery of each lung field and a computer program was then used to calculate percentage clearance per minute (k) in each lung. The mean (+/- S.E.M.) rate of clearance of 99Tcm-DTPA (k = 1.31 +/- 0.13% min-1) was not significantly different from that of 99Tcm-HMPAO (k = 1.32 +/- 0.27% min-1, P > 0.025) in the normal subjects. However, 99Tcm-DTPA clearance was 1.91 +/- 0.27% min-1 and 99Tcm-HMPAO clearance 0.78 +/- 0.17% min-1 in eight patients with IPF (P < 0.001, 99Tcm-DTPA vs 99Tcm-HMPAO). By regression analysis using a multiplicative model, both values correlated fairly [r = -0.71, y = exp (0.08-0.85 ln chi); P < 0.005], with a change in clearance rate in the opposite direction in all eight patients. The results of our study demonstrate that the pulmonary clearance of 99Tcm-HMPAO is different from that of 99Tcm-DTPA in IPF.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1994

Frequent genetic alterations at the distal region of chromosome 1p in human hepatocellular carcinomas.

Cytogenetic analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and primary HCC tissues has demonstrated chromosome 1p to be the region most commonly affected. To refine the altered locus, genetic abnormalities of this region were surveyed systemically by microsatellite polymorphism analysis. Twelve sets of primers evenly distributed on chromosome 1p which can amplify di- or tetranucleotide repeat length polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction were selected. The results were then supplemented by the conventional restriction fragment length polymorphism study. A comparison of the allele patterns between 30 pairs of HCC and their corresponding nontumor DNAs discovered chromosome 1p aberrations in 15 of 30 tumors (50%). The abnormalities can be classified into three groups. The first aberration was typical loss of heterozygosity that was found in 9 HCCs (30%). The second aberration was a 2-3-fold increase of allelic dosage, which was detected in 6 HCCs (20%). The third aberration was the novel microsatellite polymorphism, which was detected in 3 cases (10%). These abnormalities seemed to cluster at the distal part of chromosome 1p, with a common region mapped to 1p35-36, which is also the region with frequent loss of heterozygosity in neuroblastoma and colorectal and breast cancers. Therefore, loss of putative tumor suppressor gene(s) in this locus may participate in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma and a wide range of human cancers.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1994

The relationship between Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis or ulcer disease and gastric emptying.

Forty-five patients with Helicobacter pylori (HP)-associated gastritis or ulcer disease were included in this study. Radionuclide-labelled solid meals were used to calculate gastric emptying times (GETs) and carbon-14 urea breath tests (14C UBTs) were used to measure the HP colonies quantitatively. The patients were assessed according to the following two criteria: (a) the HP colony number (i.e. high or low) and (b) the recorded duration of the GET (i.e. long or short). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of abnormal GET between high and low 14C UBT patients or in the incidence of abnormal 14C UBT between long and short GET cases. In conclusion, no significant relationship between HP-associated gastritis or ulcer disease and GET was found in this study.

Adult↗