PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Haga

Publications and source records attributed to S Haga.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Secretion of MPB64 antigen by a recombinant clone of Mycobacterium smegmatis: characterization and application for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.

MPB64, a specific antigen to Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (TB complex), was produced and secreted by a clone of M. smegmatis-MPB64 where the structural gene of MPB64 was inserted using a new mycobacteria, E. coli shuttle plasmid pNIS vector. Antibodies against the recombinant MPB64 (rMPB64) were used for the reverse particle latex agglutination (RPLA) test to detect the MPB64 antigen rapidly. RPLA tests were applied to the shock cultures and the clinical isolates of mycobacteria to identify TB complex. RPLA with anti-MPB64 antibody-coated latex beads completely distinguished TB complex from other mycobacteria. Thus, it is suggested that RPLA with anti-MPB64 antibody would be a new, easy and inexpensive method for the rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1995

Radiation-induced lymphomas in MSM, (BALB/cHeA x MSM) F1 and (BALB/cHeA x STS/A) F1 hybrid mice.

M.MOL-MSM (MSM) mice derived from Mus musculus molossinus progenitors showed extreme resistance to the induction of lymphomas following whole-body X-irradiation with four doses of 1.7 Gy. (BALB/cHeA x MSM) F1 mice between a high lymphoma strain, BALB/cHeA and the MSM showed a high incidence of radiation-induced lymphomas which was quite similar to that in BALB/cHeA mice, but the latent period was prolonged in the hybrids. Susceptibility in incidence was dominant over resistance in these crosses. Incidences of (BALB/cHeA x MSM)F1 hybrids irradiated with four doses of 2.5 Gy X-rays were 77% in females and 88% in males. F1 hybrids between BALB/cHeA and another resistant strain STS/A, (BALB/cHeA x STS/A) F1, also showed a high level of susceptibility, that is, lymphoma incidence was 64% in females and 63% in males. The mean latent period in the (BALB/cHeA x STS/A) F1 hybrids was similar to that in (BALB/cHeA x MSM) F1 hybrids. As all cases of tumors developed in F1 hybrids are informative concerning the detection of the loss of heterozygosity in the loci depending on the combination of two parental strains, the radiation-induced lymphomas obtained from (BALB/cHeA x MSM) F1 and (BALB/cHeA x STS/A) F1 hybrids could be useful for fine analysis of the genetic alterations involved in lymphomagenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Complete Nucleotide Sequence of Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus from JYG Chinese Wild Mice: Absence of Bacterial Insertion Sequences in the Cloned Viral gag Gene.

Mammary tumors of a newly isolated strain of Chinese wild mouse (JYG mouse) harbor exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV). The complete nucleotide sequence of exogenous JYG-MMTV was determined on the proviral 5' long terminal repeat (LTR)(partial)-gag-pol-env-3' LTR (partial) fragment cloned into a plasmid vector and the cDNA sequence from JYG-MMTV producing cells. Similarly to the other MMTV species the LTR of JYG-MMTV contains an open reading frame (ORF). The amino acid sequence of the JYG-MMTV ORF resembles that of SW-MMTV (92% identity) and endogenous Mtv-7 (93% identity) especially at the C-terminal region. Thus, a functional similarity in T-cell receptor V beta recognition as a superantigen is implicated among these MMTV species. Analysis of the viral gag nucleotide sequence revealed that this gene is not disrupted by the bacterial insertion sequence IS1 or IS2, which have been reported to be present in the majority of the plasmids containing the gag region. Comparison of amino acid sequences of JYG-MMTV with those of BR6-MMTV showed that over 96% of the amino acids of gag, pol, protease and env products are identical. These results suggest the intact nature of the nucleotide sequence of the near full-length MMTV genome cloned in the plasmid.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Insertional mutation of int protooncogenes in the mammary tumors of a new strain of mice derived from the wild in China: normal- and tumor-tissue-specific expression of int-3 transcripts.

A new mouse strain, Mus musculus Jyg, has been isolated from the wild in China. After several generations of inbreeding, Jyg mice have been found to develop mammary adenocarcinomas at a high incidence (70-80%). In order to understand the mechanism by which mammary tumors are induced in these mice, we analyzed 23 available mammary tumors and liver tissues with regard to mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) proviral integrations and the pattern of int oncogene (Wnt-1, int-2/Fgf-3, and int-3) rearrangements and expression. We found that (1) Jyg mice do not carry endogenous MMTV; (2) all tumors showed multiple MMTV proviral integrations and expressed high levels of MMTV; (3) Jyg MMTV is distinguishable from other MMTV strains; (4) a high percentage of the tumors (70%) had insertional mutations in int loci (Wnt-1, 26%; int-2, 13%; and int3, 43%); and (5) unlike Wnt-1 and int-2, a 5.9-kb int-3-related transcript is expressed in developing mouse embryos of all stages and adult mouse tissues including mammary tumors, whereas a 2.4- to 3.6-kb transcript is expressed only in Jyg mammary tumors with int-3 mutations. Taken together, this newly developed mouse strain and the milk-borne MMTV that it carries constitute a novel system for studies of the host and viral specificity of insertional mutagenesis of multiple int protooncogenes by MMTV and the role of these genes in the pathogenesis of mouse mammary carcinomas and tumor cell heterogeneity.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Proviral Integration in the DD/Tbr Mice.

The patterns of mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) integration in the DNA of spontaneous-mammary tumors, salivary glands and livers of DD/Tbr mice were examined using MMTV env, int -1c and int-2c probes. The MMTV env probe revealed 1 to 7 new proviral insertions in all mammary tumors. MMTV integration into int-1 was observed in 10 of 18 mammary tumors, whereas that into int-2 was seen in only 2 of 18 tumors. Of the 13 salivary glands examined, only 3 showed new MMTV proviral integrations, but rearrangement in int-1 or int-2 loci by MMTV was not observed. Immuno-collidal gold electron microscopy revealed the presence of MMTV particles both in mammary tumors and in salivary glands, but no tumors were found to be developed in salivary glands. Taken together these results suggest that salivary glands support MMTV replication, but the virions thus produced may not lead to salivary gland tumorigenesis. It is suggested that the salivary gland is the source of horizontally transmitted MMTV in DD/Tbr mice.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

New infectious mammary tumor virus superantigen with V beta-specificity identical to staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB).

Only few infectious mouse mammary tumor viruses (MMTV) have been characterized which induce a potent superantigen response in vivo. Here we describe the characterization of an MMTV which was isolated from milk of the highly mammary tumor-prone SHN mouse strain. Exposure of newborn mice to milk-borne MMTV (SHN) results in a very slow deletion of V beta 7, 8.1, 8.2 and 8.3 expressing peripheral T cells. Subcutaneous injection of adult mice with this virus induces a rapid and strong stimulation of all four affected V beta-subsets in vivo. Besides the strong T cell effect we observed an early proliferation and activation of the local B cell pool leading to the initial secretion of IgM followed by preferential secretion of IgG2a by day 6. Sequence comparison of the polymorphic C terminus with known open reading frames revealed high homology to the endogenous provirus Mtv-RCS. This is the first report of a virus having a complete overlap in V beta-specificity with a bacterial superantigen stimulating as many as 35% of the whole CD4+ T cell repertoire including V beta 8.2.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Cloning in a plasmid of an MMTV from a wild Chinese mouse: sequencing of the viral LTR.

Plasmid subcloning by conventional techniques of full length exogenous mouse mammary viruses (MMTV) has not been realized because of the involvement of host-mediated structural changes in the viral gag gene. To circumvent this problem, an alternative subcloning method, excision of phagemid (pBluescript SK) from lambda ZAP II, was successfully used to subclone a novel exogenous MMTV (JYG-MMTV) provirus fragment containing an intact gag gene. Sequence analysis revealed that the LTR of this virus is significantly different from the LTR of C3H-MMTV in the U3 region.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

Distribution of mouse mammary tumor virus in Asian wild mice.

Several groups of wild mice (Mus musculus) were captured from eight different locations in Asia and bred for several generations in a facility free of any laboratory strains of mice carrying mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV). The distribution of endogenous MMTV proviral sequences in the liver tissues of these mice was investigated by using Southern blot hybridizations. Four categories of mice were identified. Mice originating from Bogor, Indonesia (Cas-Bgr); He-mei, Taiwan (Cas-Hmi/1); and Malaysia (Cas-Mal) were found to carry an endogenous MMTV provirus consisting of the env, gag-pol, and long terminal repeat sequences. Mice captured from Kojuri, Republic of Korea (Sub-Kjr); Nagoya, Japan (Mol-nag); and three Chinese provinces, Shanghai (Sub-Shh), Beijing (Sub-Bjn), and Jiayuguang (Sub-Jyg/1), appeared to carry defective proviruses. Some mice originating from He-mei (Cas-Hmi/2) and Jiayuguang (Sub-Jyg/2) were found to be completely free of endogenous MMTV. Interestingly, however, the Sub-Jyg/2 mice, after several generations of inbreeding, were found, unlike all of the other subspecies that we examined in the present study, to develop mammary tumors at a high incidence (80 to 90%) with a short period of latency. Electron microscopic examination of the mammary glands and mammary tumors of these mice revealed the presence of numerous intracytoplasmic A, immature, budding, and mature B particles. Furthermore, the mammary tumors were found to contain MMTV proviral sequences. It seems, therefore, that Sub-Jyg/2 mice carry an exogenous MMTV which contributes to their developing mammary tumors.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Antineuronal antibodies in acute cerebellar ataxia following Epstein-Barr virus infection.

A 29-year-old man developed acute cerebellar ataxia following Epstein-Barr virus infection. Serum IgG and IgM antibodies reacted with both nuclear and cytoplasmic elements of neurons. Western blot revealed IgG binding to the 34- and 29-kd bands and IgM binding to the 44-, 37-, and 29-kd bands. The IgM reactivity gradually reduced. There was no identifiable neoplasm and the ataxia gradually improved. These findings suggest a role for autoimmune mechanisms in the pathogenesis of acute cerebellar ataxia.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Genetic control of the radiosensitivity of lymphoid cells for antibody formation ability in mice.

To analyze the genetic basis of the relationship between the radiosensitivity of the immune response and radiation lymphomagenesis, we examined the radiosensitivity of lymphoid cells for antibody formation in BALB/cHeA, STS/A, F1 hybrids, and their recombinant inbred mouse strains. The decrease in the number of plaque-forming spleen cells in BALB/cHeA mice exposed to 3 Gy X-irradiation was more than tenfold that in STS/A mice. The phenotype of radioresistance was dominant over sensitivity. The coincidence between the strain distribution patterns of the genetic markers and radiosensitivities of antibody formation in the various recombinant inbred strains was in the region with the Igh locus on chromosome 12. There was obvious difference between the patterns in the region containing the Ifa locus on chromosome 4 which has been shown to be related to the incidence of radiation-induced lymphomas. These results indicate that the region on chromosome 12 may contain major gene(s) related to radiosensitivity for antibody formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Structural analysis of the chromatin loop in human chromosome by immunoelectron microscopy].

Synchronized human lymphocytes were exposed to 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) for incorporation in the late S-phase. The substituted chromosome bands were detected immunohistochemically by monoclonal anti-BrdU antibodies with the protein A-gold complex. The bands composed of many chromatin loop clusters were examined by electron microscopy without trypsin treatment. These banding patterns corresponded to the G-band by immunostaining. Chromatin loops were stretched around the chromosome, revealing the structure of coiled chromosome with trypsin treatment. The stretched loops were observed in the whole S-phase without treatment of trypsin but were not seen in the late S-phase. Variations in the degree of stretching were correlated with the duration of the BrdU treatment and the period of trypsin treatment. These results indicate that the trypsin treatment is essential to chromatin loops for their stretching in late S-phase and that the chromosome band is composed of numerous chromatin loops.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1993

Synthetic Alzheimer amyloid beta/A4 peptides enhance production of complement C3 component by cultured microglial cells.

Primary microglial cultures prepared from newborn mice showed the production and release of the third component of complement (C3). Newly synthesized [35S]methionine-labelled C3 was purified by immunoprecipitation using anti-C3-antibody. C3 was detected by SDS-PAGE and fluoroaraphy of the immunoprecipitated protein from cell lysates as a 195 kDa band, and from the supernatants of cultures as two major bands corresponding to the C3 alpha-chain (125 kDa) and beta-chain (75 kDa), consistent with known C3 characteristics. Increased biosynthesis of C3 was elicited by endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Further, the synthesis of C3 was increased 5-10-fold in response to various synthetic peptides corresponding to the amyloid beta/A4 protein, which is the main constituent of extracellular amyloid deposits in Alzheimer's disease (AD). The increased synthesis of C3 was shown to be dose dependent at concentrations of beta/A4 peptide ranging from 10 micrograms/ml to 50 micrograms/ml. These results suggest that complement components found previously in amyloid deposits may be partly derived from reactive microglia preferentially associated with senile plaques in AD brain.

Amyloid beta-Peptides↗
PubMed1993

The route of transmission of hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (HEV) 67N strain in 4-week-old rats.

Four-week-old Wistar rats were inoculated with HEV by different routes. Animals died of encephalitis after intraperitoneal (i.p.), subcutaneous (s.c.) and intravenous (i.v.) as well as intracerebral (i.c.) and intranasal (i.n.) inoculation. However when inoculated subcutaneously, rats died a few days earlier than those inoculated i.p. and i.v., suggesting that the virus might be transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS) by the neuronal route rather than by blood stream. Rats which were inoculated subcutaneously at the site of the neck (group A) began to die on day 4 p.i., a few days earlier than animals inoculated in the foot pad of the right leg (group B). On day 2 and 3 after inoculation, the virus titer in the brain was higher in group A, but group B animals showed higher virus titers in the lumber region of spinal cord than group A animals. In order to follow the virus spread from the peripheral nerve to the brain, the virus was inoculated into the sciatic nerve of rats. The inoculated rats developed clinical signs on day 4 and began to die on day 6. On day 2, virus was detected in the posterior half of the spinal cord and migrated toward the anterior half and in the brain where it was present on day 3. The highest virus titers in the brain were recorded on day 4 to 6, meanwhile the virus titers in the spinal cord tend to decrease. By immunohistochemical study, antigen positive neurons were found in the spinal cord and brain on day 4.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1993

Breast cancer in a male patient with prolactinoma.

A 68-year-old man was diagnosed as having left primary breast cancer. Systemic bone roentgenography showed no evident metastasis, however, skull roentgenography revealed ballooning of the sella turcica, suggesting a pituitary tumor, which was subsequently confirmed by computed tomography. Because there was a high serum prolactin level, the pituitary tumor was diagnosed as a prolactinoma. A modified radical mastectomy was performed for the breast cancer, and bromocriptine therapy given for the prolactinoma. Prolactin is known to initiate and promote breast cancer in mice and rats but little is known about its role in human breast cancer. If hyperprolactinemia plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of human breast cancer as it does in mice and rats, the incidence of breast cancer in patients with hyperprolactinemia may be high. To our knowledge, however, only four such cases have been reported. The present rare case of male breast cancer with prolactinoma is discussed with reference to the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1993

[Tuberculin sensitivity to purified protein derivatives from Mycobacterium other than tuberculosis (PPD-B, PPD-Y, PPD-F and PPD-C) and PPDs among patients with mycobacteriosis--cooperative study of the Research Committee for the Mycobacteriosis in Japan].

Purified protein derivatives (PPDs) prepared from M. intracellulare (PPD-B), M. kansasii (PPD-Y), M. fortuitum (PPD-F), M. chelonei subsp. abscessus (PPD-C) and M. tuberculosis (PPDs) were simultaneously used in skin tests on patients diagnosed as having tuberculosis or atypical mycobacteriosis to reveal their specificity, clinical usefulness and immunological status of the patients. The mean diameter of reaction (redness) for patients with M. tuberculosis positive sputum (TB group, n = 71; age, 20-90 yrs) was PPDs, 20.4 mm; PPD-B, 7.9 mm; PPD-Y, 11.7 mm; PPD-F, 0.8 mm; and PPD-C, 0.3 mm. For M. avium complex positive patients (MAC group, n = 100; age, 31-89 yrs), the results were PPDs, 10.9; PPD-B, 16.9 mm; PPD-Y, 10.7 mm; PPD-F, 1.6 mm; and PPD-C, 0.3 mm. The M. kansasii positive patients (K group; n = 8) showed results of PPDs, 12.6 mm; PPD-B, 10.7 mm; PPD-Y, 20.8 mm; PPD-F, 0.5 mm; PPD-C, 0.0 mm. The M. fortuitum positive patients (F group; n = 5) had measurements of PPDs, 5.8 mm; PPD-B, 4.4 mm; PPD-Y, 9.8 mm; PPD-F, 17.8 mm; and PPD-C, 16.0 mm. The patients who were previously M. tbc. positive but presently negative patients (pre. TB group; n = 50) showed the following results: PPDs, 16.6 mm; PPD-B, 7.4 mm; and PPD-Y, 10.9 mm. For the patients who were previously M. avium complex positive (previous MAC group; n = 19), the results were PPDs, 10.4 mm; PPD-B, 9.9 mm; and PPD-Y, 7.7 mm. Also considering their frequency distribution curve, with exception of the previous MAC group, the patient groups showed specificity to the PPD of the bacilli detected. The previous MAC group recorded no significant difference in response to PPDs and PPD-B. Strong cross reactions were observed between PPD-F and PPD-C, and moderate reactions between PPDs, PPD-B and PPD-Y. Cross reactions were scarce between PPDs, PPD-B or PPD-Y and PPD-F or PPD-C. Though it is difficult to distinguish cross-reaction and multiple infections, majority of the patients (72-85%) showed greatest response to the PPD that corresponds with the species of bacilli detected. In conclusion, two or more PPDs applied simultaneously can be of aid in diagnosing mycobacteriosis especially in the early stages of the disease. Also, cross-reactions between atypical mycobacteria and PPDs should be taken into consideration when diagnosing infection caused by M. tuberculosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Combined spinal and epidural analgesia for caesarean section].

We compared the combined spinal and thoracic epidural analgesia with 2% lidocaine for caesarean section, with spinal analgesia using 2% lidocaine, tetracaine or dibucaine, and also with lumbar epidural analgesia. The analgesia at high thoracic level could be achieved with combined spinal and epidural analgesia more easily than with others. The frequency of side effects with the combined spinal and epidural analgesia, such as hypotension, decrease of fetal heart rate and so on, was less than that with others. In conclusion, the combined spinal and thoracic epidural analgesia with 2% lidocaine is more useful for caesarean section, than the spinal analgesia or the lumbar epidural analgesia alone.

Anesthesia, Epidural↗
PubMed1993

MX2; 3'-deamino-3'-morpholino-13-deoxy-10-hydroxycarminomycin (KRN8602) in refractory metastatic breast cancer: results of a preliminary phase II trial.

We performed a preliminary phase II clinical trial of MX2; 3'-deamino-3'-morpholino-13-deoxy-10-hydroxycarminomycin (KRN8602) in patients with metastatic breast cancer who had failed to respond to previous chemotherapeutic regimens after clinical evidence of systemic disease. Twelve patients at a single institute received KRN8602 at a dose of 35 mg/m2 intravenously once every three weeks. All the patients were followed-up until their disease progressed. There was one complete response lasting 17 weeks and one partial response lasting eight weeks. Among the 12 patients, World Health Organization (WHO) grades 3 and 4 neutropenia were observed in five and two patients, respectively. Grade 3 anemia was observed in three patients but severe thrombocytopenia was not observed. Grade 3 nausea/vomiting was observed in eight patients. Alopecia was not observed. The results of this preliminary phase II trial suggest a need for further testing of the anti-tumor activity of KRN8602 in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Antibiotics, Antineoplastic↗