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Biomedical subjects

S Hagisawa

Publications and source records attributed to S Hagisawa.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Influence of age on postischaemic reactive hyperaemia.

This work was carried out to evaluate the response of skin microcirculation to ischaemia in younger and older subjects, to determine if there were functional changes in microcirculation in the older skin. Skin perfusion during reactive hyperaemia was measured at volar sites on the forearms in five younger (mean age: 25.2 years) and five older normal subjects (mean age: 64.6 years). Ischaemia was produced by the application of loads of 22.3 N (24.5 kPa) and 44.5 N (49.0 kPa) applied to the skin surface for 3 min by means of a hollow cylindrical indentor. The skin perfusion within the area indented was continuously monitored by a laser Doppler flowmeter before, during and after loading. In the pre-loaded condition, there was no difference in skin perfusion between the younger and the older groups. Following loading with 22.3 N a significantly lower value of the peak perfusion relative to the pre-loaded value was observed in the older group (P less than 0.05). The perfusion in the older group following loading with 44.5 N was significantly reduced compared to the younger group (P less than 0.05). It is concluded that postischaemic reactive hyperaemia in the older skin was reduced compared with the younger skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Biochemical changes in sweat following prolonged ischemia.

Much emphasis has been placed on the measurement of physical parameters at the body support interface in order to detect and moderate conditions which could result in pressure damage to soft tissues. Major difficulties are encountered both in the design of instrumentation and interpretation of the data collected. Metabolic processes in sweat glands that control sweat secretion have been shown to be sensitive to applied pressure, producing sweating rate suppression and changes in sweat NaCl concentration. In this study, we have demonstrated the feasibility of measuring lactate concentration in sweat collected locally using an electrochemical stimulation technique (iontophoresis of pilocarpine nitrate). Elevated levels of sweat lactate concentration during local tissue indentation were detected in a group of able-bodied subjects. Upon removal of the indentor, however, levels of sweat lactate returned to normal.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pressure sores: a biochemical test for early detection of tissue damage.

This study was undertaken to seek biochemical indicators in blood associated with the onset of early tissue damage which may progress to the formation of a pressure sore. Changes in serum creatinine phosphokinase (CPK), inorganic phosphate, and lactate dehydrogenase in systemic blood of pigs were investigated before, during, and after local indentation. Pressures of 540mmHg and 700mmHg were applied for six hours on both sides of the scapula and backs of five anesthetized animals. Two hours after release of indentation, serum CPK levels showed marked elevation and remained elevated even after one week. The elevated levels of CPK were shown to correspond to defined pathology of the tissue as determined histologically. On the other hand, inorganic phosphate began to decrease after release of indentation and recovered to the preindentation level after one day. Lactate dehydrogenase did not change significantly throughout the experiment. These results offer important evidence of the potential of CPK as a systemic indicator of muscle damage at an early stage of pressure sore formation.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

External compression with elastic bandages: its effect on the peripheral blood circulation during skin traction.

Experiments were performed in rabbits to evaluate the effects of varying degrees of external pressure on the venous circulation in a limb. For these studies, blood volumes and flow rates were determined on surgically exposed veins using a dropcounter. External compression of 30mmHg caused no impairment of the peripheral circulation. At this pressure, flow rates in the greater saphenous vein and popliteal vein were 74% and 124% of their basal rates, respectively. Venous blood flow was absent at pressures exceeding 70mmHg. In healthy human volunteers, the effects of external application of varying degrees of pressures with an elastic bandage during skin traction on the distal portion of the leg were evaluated by plethysmographic and thermometric techniques. Arterial pulsations obtained by photoelectric plethysmography at external limb pressures of 30mmHg were not significantly different in peak amplitude from those obtained without bandaging. External compression of 70mmHg resulted in a decrease in the basal amplitude at 60 minutes that persisted during the rest of the experiment. At 30mmHg compression, no significant changes of skin temperature were noted in the toe; but, at 70mmHg, the skin temperature dropped to 86% of its basal levels during the first hour followed by a further slow fall. Good immobilization of elastic bandages in skin traction was achieved at 30mmHg pressures. In a comparison of bandage application by skilled and unskilled persons, bandage pressures were much more likely to be optimum when the bandage was applied by the skilled.

Adult↗