PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Hammami

Publications and source records attributed to S Hammami.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

[Lipoprotein (a) and ischemic heart diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes].

Lipoprotein (a) is a new independent coronary risk factor, but the role of lipoprotein (a) in type 2 diabetes remains controversial. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between the level of lipoprotein (a) and the coronary artery diseases (CAD) in type 2 diabetes. Recruitment was carried out in 3 groups of patients: Group 1: 110 control subjects, Group 2: 115 diabetics (D), Group 3: 105 diabetics with CAD (DC). The mean age was, 51 + 7; 52 + 6; 56 + 6 respectively. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-C, LDL-C, Apo A-I, Apo B and lipoprotein (a) were measured for the patients. The Lp (a) level was significantly higher in the diabetic groups as compared to the controls (p < 0.05), but this level was different between D and DC: 312 + 232 vs 347.8 + (NS). However, when the Lp (a) level is higher than 300 mg/ml, there is a significant difference between DC and D (53% vs 42% p = 0.05). There is no correlation between Lp level and total cholesterol; however, there is a significant variation of Lp (a) level with LDL-C (r = -0.14, P = 0.01). There is a negative correlation between Lp (a) and HDL-C (r = -0.13, p = 0.03), Lp (a) and ApoA-I (r = - 0.11, p = 0.05); but there is a positive correlation between Lp (a) and ApoB (r = 0.14, p = 0.02). Lp(a) level higher than 300 mg/L constitutes a coronary risk factor in type 2 diabetes. This contributes, with the other lipid disorders, to the increase of the coronary risk factors in diabetes.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗
PubMed2001

Predictors of long-term event-free survival and of freedom from restenosis after percutaneous balloon mitral commissurotomy.

BACKGROUND: Most long-term studies after balloon mitral commissurotomy (BMC) were from industrialized countries. Less is known about the long-term results of BMC from developing countries where patients are younger with fewer mitral valve deformities. METHODS: Between December 1987 and December 1998, we performed BMC in 654 patients whose mean age was 33 +/- 13 years. Baseline and postprocedural variables were evaluated to identify predictors of event-free survival (survival without repeat BMC or mitral valve replacement) and of freedom from restenosis defined as a mitral valve area (MVA) >/=1.5 cm(2) after BMC and <1.5 cm(2) at follow-up. RESULTS: The actuarial survival rates were 98%, 98%, and 97% at 5, 7, and 10 years, respectively. The 5-, 7-, and 10-year event-free survival rates were 85%, 81%, and 72%. Multivariate predictors of a higher 10-year event-free survival rate were lower echocardiographic score (79% for a score </=8, 61% for a score of 9 to 11, 62% for a score >/=12, P <.001) and cardiac sinus rhythm (P =.04) before BMC, lower mean left atrial pressure (P <.001), lower mitral valve gradient (P <.001), and less than or equal to grade 2 mitral regurgitation (P =.036) after BMC. Restenosis occurred in 16% of patients. The restenosis-free rates were 88%, 80%, and 66% at 5, 7, and 10 years, respectively. A higher freedom from restenosis at 10 years was associated with a lower score (77% for a score </=8, 45% for a score of 9-11 and 50% for a score >/=12, P =.03) and a larger MVA before BMC (P =.03), a larger MVA (P <.001), and a lower mitral valve gradient (P =.04) after BMC. CONCLUSIONS: BMC produces excellent 10-year results in patients with pliable mitral stenosis and good results in patients with semipliable or calcified mitral stenosis. BMC is the procedure of choice in patients with pliable valves and it is a reasonable treatment option in young patients with unfavorable mitral valve anatomy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

[Right ventricular dilatation and intraventricular septal motion after surgical closure of atrial septal defect].

The persistence of right ventricular dilatation and paradoxical interventricular septal motion are two echocardiographic abnormalities rarely reported after surgical closure of atrial septal defects. The aim of this study was to identify the predictive factors of these abnormalities in the long-term and to study their functional consequences. One hundred and two patients aged 18 +/- 14 years (range 1-62 years) underwent closure of atrial septal defects. Thirty-five patients were under 10 years of age, 33 were 10 to 20 years of age and 34 were over 20. Fifty-six patients were female. The rhythm was sinus in the great majority of cases (97%). Three patients, all over 40 years of age, were in atrial fibrillation. Before surgery, right ventricular dilatation was observed in 95 patients (91.2%), paradoxical septal wall motion in 93 patients (91.2%), the ratio of pulmonary/systemic output was 2.7 +/- 0.6 (range 1.7 to 7.4) and over 2 in 90% of patients: pulmonary systolic pressure was 32.3 +/- 12 mmHg and over 40 mmHg in 18 patients (17.6%). Ninety-four patients were followed up regularly with a mean follow-up time of 5.5 +/- 3.6 years (1-14 years). The right ventricle remained dilated in 37 patients (39.4%) after surgery: the right ventricular dimension decreased from 36 +/- 1 to 27.8 +/- 6.2 mm (p = 0.001). The ratio of end diastolic right ventricular/left ventricular dimension also decreased from 1.07 +/- 0.31 to 0.56 +/- 0.12 (p = 0.0001). Multivariate analysis identified two predictive factors of persistent right ventricular dilatation: age > 40 years (p = 0.009) and a pulmonary/systemic flow ratio > 3 (p = 0.03). Interventricular septal wall motion remained paradoxical in 21 patients (22%). Multivariate analysis identified two predictive factors of persistent paradoxical septal motion: age > 40 years (p = 0.02) and systolic pulmonary pressures > 40 mmHg (p = 0.03). These abnormalities remained asymptomatic in all but two patients with persistent long-term hypertension and a residual atrial septal defect. The persistence of right ventricular dilatation and paradoxical septal motion was quite common, with older age at surgery, systolic pulmonary artery pressure > 40 mmHg and a ratio of pulmonary/systemic blood flow > 3, being predisposing factors. These abnormalities were clinically asymptomatic when isolated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Long-term invasive and noninvasive results of percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty in children, adolescents, and adults.

BACKGROUND: Short-term and mid-term results of percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty (BPV) are well known. However, data documenting long-term effectiveness of BPV are scarce. METHODS AND RESULTS: The long-term results of 62 patients were assessed by catheterization and Doppler echocardiography 1 to 10 years (mean 6.4 +/- 3.4) after BPV. Mean age of the patients was 13.5 +/- 10.5 years (range 9 months to 44 years). Twenty patients were 16 years of age or older. Right ventricular peak systolic pressure was systemic or suprasystemic in 72% of patients. A double-balloon technique was used in 29 patients. The balloon-to-pulmonary valve diameter ratio was 1.4 +/- 0.38 (range 1 to 1.8). Total systolic transpulmonary pressure gradient in excess of 50 mm Hg in all patients before BPV decreased from 98 +/- 40 to 32 +/- 23 immediately after BPV and to 19 +/- 9 mm Hg at follow-up (P <.001). Infundibular gradient increased from 8 +/- 10 to 14 +/- 24 mm Hg after BPV and fell to 1 +/- 4 mm Hg at follow-up (P <.01). In 16 patients it was >/=20 mm Hg and virtually disappeared spontaneously in all at follow-up. The valvar gradient fell from 93 +/- 39 to 19 +/- 11 (P <.001) and was 18 +/- 9 mm Hg at follow-up. It remained unchanged in 3 patients (range 36 to 45 mm Hg). In 3 (4.8%) other patients, a new gradient >35 mm Hg developed that was >/=50 mm Hg in all 3. Among 5 patients having dysplastic valves, 3 had a gradient >35 mm Hg. There were no predictors of a gradient >35 mm Hg at long-term follow-up by univariate or multivariate Cox proportional hazards analysis. Mild to moderate pulmonary regurgitation was present in 39% of patients. On electrocardiography, right ventricular hypertrophy decreased significantly in 90% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: BPV as a treatment of typical pulmonic valve stenosis produces excellent long-term results. Restenosis is rare (4.8%) and occurs more frequently in patients with dysplastic valves. There is a constant spontaneous regression of associated infundibular obstruction.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Rabies mass vaccination campaigns in Tunisia: are vaccinated dogs correctly immunized?

Among the 301 dogs vaccinated against rabies in a suburban area of Tunis, 165 were sero-surveyed for 13 months. One month after vaccination, 65% of the dogs less than 1 year of age and 76-84% of the older dogs had significant antibody titers. One month after annual revaccination, these percentages ranged between 92% and 100%. Puppies (less than 3 months old) responded to vaccination with no significant interference by passive maternal immunity. Based on these percentages, a 93% rate of protection may be expected for vaccinated dogs. This study confirms that all dogs (even those less than 3 months of age) must be vaccinated during mass campaigns. The expected protection conferred by locally produced potent vaccines reaches 79-99% based on the age of the dogs. The alleged relative inability of local dogs to respond to vaccination cannot explain the partial success of rabies control in Tunisia.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1998

Percutaneous balloon versus surgical closed and open mitral commissurotomy: seven-year follow-up results of a randomized trial.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous balloon mitral commissurotomy (BMC) has been proposed as an alternative to surgical closed mitral commissurotomy (CMC) and open mitral commissurotomy (OMC) for the management of rheumatic mitral valve stenosis (MS). METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a prospective, randomized trial comparing the results of the 3 procedures in 90 patients (30 patients in each group) with severe pliable MS. Cardiac catheterization was performed in all patients before and at 6 months after each procedure. All patients had clinical and echocardiographic evaluation initially and throughout the 7-year follow-up period. Gorlin mitral valve area (MVA) increased much more after BMC (from 0.9+/-0.16 to 2.2+/-0.4 cm2) and OMC (from 0.9+/-0.2 to 2.2+/-0.4 cm2) than after CMC (from 0.9+/-0.2 to 1.6+/-0.4 cm2). Residual MS (MVA <1.5 cm2) was 0% after BMC or OMC and 27% after CMC. There was no early or late mortality or thromboembolism among the three groups. At 7-year follow-up, echocardiographic MVA was similar and greater after BMC and OMC (1.8+/-0.4 cm2) than after CMC (1.3+/-0.3 cm2; P<.00l). Restenosis (MVA <1.5 cm2) rate was 6.6% after BMC or OMC versus 37% after CMC. Residual atrial septal defect was present in 2 patients and severe grade 3 mitral regurgitation was present in 1 patient in the BMC group. Eighty-seven percent of patients after BMC and 90% of patients after OMC were in New York Heart Association functional class I versus 33% (P<.0001) after CMC. Freedom from reintervention was 90% after BMC, 93% after OMC, and 50% after CMC. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to surgical CMC, BMC and OMC produce excellent and comparable early hemodynamic improvement and are associated with a lower rate of residual stenosis and restenosis and need for reintervention. However, the good results, lower cost, and elimination of drawbacks of thoracotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass indicate that BMC should be the treatment of choice for patients with tight pliable rheumatic MS.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Field evaluation of two bait delivery systems for the oral immunization of dogs against rabies in Tunisia.

Two bait delivery systems for the oral immunization of dogs against rabies were tested in small scale field trials in a semi-rural area in Tunisia: bait delivery to owned dogs during door to door visits of households (door to door baiting) and distribution of baits on transect lines (transect line baiting). A prototype bait (DBL2) configured for industrial production and containing either sulfadimethoxine (SDM) as a systemic marker or Rhodamine B as a topical marker was used. The overall proportion of dogs which took a bait and presented topical marker staining after door to door baiting was 59.1%. The total time and costs spent per bait accepting dog averaged 34 person minutes and US$4, respectively. Unconsummated baits were readily recovered. No unprotected human contacts with baits were recorded. Door to door baiting is a very specific but time-consuming method that enables a safe administration of vaccine baits to owned dogs. For transect line baiting, baits were distributed at a density of ca 3000 baits per km2 along double transect lines. Baits were recovered after 20 h. According to the proportion of SDM positive serum samples, 24.1% of owned dogs in the baiting area had consumed baits. Of all owned and ownerless dogs, presumably free-roaming during transect line baiting, > 40% had consumed baits. The total time and costs spent per bait accepting dog averaged 48 person minutes and ca US$20, respectively. The household census revealed 32 direct human contacts with the bait matrix which corresponds to 1.4% of inhabitants. Placing baits on transect lines gives the possibility to vaccinate dogs not accessible by vaccination systems which base on dog owner participation. However, the method is not specific, less safe than other systems, not easily accepted by the human population, and costly.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1998

Field evaluation of a dog owner, participation-based, bait delivery system for the oral immunization of dogs against rabies in Tunisia.

We evaluated a dog owner, participation-based, bait delivery system for the oral immunization of dogs against rabies. In a field study in a semirural area of northern Tunisia, dog owners were asked to come to temporary bait delivery sites. A total of 314 baits were given to 178 dog owners in four sites. The experimental baits used consisted of a freeze-dried core unit containing sulfadimethoxine (SDM) as a biological marker and an aromatized paraffin envelope. No vaccine was used. Preliminary tests had shown that by using a rapid commercial card test, positive SDM serum levels were detected in more than 95% of dogs up to two days after bait ingestion. During the two days following bait delivery, we visited more than 95% of all households in the study area and took blood samples from as many owned dogs as possible. Unconsumed baits were recovered and human contacts with the bait matrix were recorded. The campaign required 7.6 person-min per bait and 13.5 person-min per dog owner for providing baits, gloves, and instructions. The estimated average cost effectiveness ratio per dog accepting a bait was 1.7 US dollars. From the indications given by the dog owners and the results of the SDM test, it was concluded that 85-90% of the owned dogs in the study area had consumed a bait at least partially. Of 314 baits delivered, 78.7% were fully consumed by dogs and 4.1% were recovered during the household survey. The remaining baits (17.2%) that were not recovered were either not consumed or only partially consumed by the target dogs (3.7 baits per 100 inhabitants). These baits probably remained within the highly populated areas and were potentially accessible to other domestic animals and other nontarget species, including humans. Twenty-five unprotected human contacts with baits were recorded (1.7% of all inhabitants). Our study has demonstrated the potential of dog owner based bait delivery. This technique is simple and efficient, particularly if the human population is accustomed to mass immunization in defined centers. Before applying this method on a large scale with live vaccine loaded baits, further studies should focus on minimizing the number of human contacts with the vaccine bait, systematizing contact identification and establishing structures in ensuring proper treatment if exposure to vaccine should occur.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1997

Carpentier-Edwards pericardial valves in the mitral position: ten-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: The first generation of pericardial valves was withdrawn from the market because of a high rate of premature failure. With an original design, Carpentier-Edwards pericardial valves promised improved results. METHODS: One hundred fifty patients who underwent isolated mitral valve replacement, between July 1984 and December 1993, with Carpentier-Edwards pericardial bioprostheses in our institution were followed up. Patient mean age was 62.9 +/- 11.9 years. Operative mortality was 3.3%. All but three patients were followed up for an average of 4.7 years after operation, and total follow-up was 710 patients-years. RESULTS: At the time this article was written, over 80% of patients were in New York Heart Association class I or II. After 10 years, actuarial survival rate was 71% (confidence limit 61% to 81%). Valve-related complications included the following: six valve-related deaths (0.8% patient-year), five thromboembolic episodes (0.7% patient-year), three cases of endocarditis (0.4% patient-year), four reoperations (0.5% patient-year), and four structural valve failures with calcification and stenosis (0.5% patient-year). After 10 years, freedom from valve-related complications was 66% (confidence limit 46% to 86%), from valve-related death 94% (confidence limit 89% to 99%), from reoperation 90% (confidence limit 82% to 98%), and from valve failure 76% (confidence limit 62% to 90%). CONCLUSIONS: With a low rate of valve-related events at 10 years and a low rate of structural deterioration with no leaflet tear, this prosthesis is a reliable choice for patients over 60 years of age.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Percutaneous balloon mitral commissurotomy during pregnancy.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of percutaneous balloon mitral commissurotomy for the treatment of pregnant women with severe mitral stenosis over a period of six years. DESIGN: Analysis of clinical, haemodynamic, and echocardiographic data before and immediately after the procedure, the pregnancy outcome, and the fate of newborn babies. SETTING: Academic cardiovascular centre in Monastir, Tunisia. PATIENTS: 44 pregnant patients who underwent percutaneous transvenous dilatation of the mitral valve between January 1990 and February 1996. Grade 2 mitral regurgitation was present in two patients and densely calcific valves in three (7%). RESULTS: Commissurotomy was successfully achieved in all cases. The total mean (SD) duration of teh procedure was 72 (18) minutes and that of fluoroscopy 16 (7) minutes. Left atrial pressure decreased from 28 (10) to 14 (7) mm Hg, mitral pressure gradient fell from 22 (8) to 5 (3) mm Hg. Cardiac output increased from 4.8 (1.1) to 6.3 (1.2) l/min and Gorlin mitral valve area from 0.96 (0.21) to 2.4 (0.4) cm2 (all P < < 0.001). Cross sectional echocardiographic mitral valve area increased from 1.07 (0.21) to 2.32 (0.36) cm2. There were no maternal or fetal deaths. Complications included a grade 4 mitral regurgitation in one patient that required early valve replacement. All patients delivered at full term, 42 vaginally and two (5%) by caesarean section; 41 babies were normal and three whose mothers had the procedure near term were relatively hypotrophic. At a mean follow up of 28 (12) months (range 2 to 26) all children had normal growth. CONCLUSIONS: During pregnancy, balloon mitral commissurotomy is the treatment of choice of severe pliable mitral stenosis in patients who are refractory to medical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Identification of the virus of rabbit haemorrhagic disease in Tunisia.

During 1992 and 1993, outbreaks of an acute, highly fatal disease mainly affecting adult rabbits were observed in Tunisia. The clinical and pathological findings were consistent with rabbit haemorrhagic disease. A monoclonal antibody designated PG4G3 specific for surface determinants of the rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus was used to identify the aetiological agent by ELISA and by colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy; a haemagglutination test and conventional immunoelectron microscopy were also used. The results confirmed the first recorded cases of the disease in Tunisia.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Aortic valve replacement with pericardial bioprosthesis in patients under 60 years of age. Experience over 10 years].

Between July 1984 and December 1993. 110 patients, younger than 60 years, underwent aortic valve replacement with a Carpentier-Edwards pericardial valve. 75.5% were male, with a mean age of 49.6 years (range: 16 to 59 years). Mean clinical status was 2.25. Operative mortality was 0%. All patients but 3 were followed up with a total follow-up of 454 patient-years and an average of 4.8 years. The 10-year actuarial survival is 91 +/- 6%. We observed 8 valve-related complications (1.7% patient-years): 3 cases of endocarditis, 3 structural failures, 1 thromboembolic event, and 1 perivalvular leak. 1 patient died from a valve-related cause, and 2 reoperations were necessary. The 8-year actuarial probability of absence of valve-related death is 99 +/- 1%, thromboembolism 98 +/- 2%, endocarditis 96 +/- 4%; reoperations 96 +/- 4%, and valve failure 97 +/- 3%. The 10-year valve-related complication rate is satisfactory, but the durability of the prosthesis in this group of young patients remains unknown. A longer follow-up is mandatory to draw definitive conclusions.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1996

[Complications of percutaneous mitral commissurotomy. Personal experience and review of the literature].

Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy was performed in 484 patients by the double balloon technique and by Inoue's technique in 33 patients. The average age of the patients was 33.6 +/- 13 years (range: 8 to 72 years); 30% were in atrial fibrillation. A primary failure was observed in 10 patients (2%). The acute mortality was 0.4% and first month mortality 0.6%, the main cause being perforation of the left ventricle. The incidence of systemic embolism was 2%, related to atrial fibrillation (p < 0.016); this complication disappeared after systematic utilisation of transoesophageal echocardiography. Grade 4+ mitral regurgitation was created in 5 patients (1%) and grade 3+ in 20 others (3.9%). A score > 8 (p < 0.006) and preexisting grade 1+ mitral regurgitation (p < 0.005) were predictive factors of these severe regurgitations. They were also more frequent with Inoue's technique (10.5%; p < 0.05). Surgical intervention was necessary during the first month in 5 patients and at long-term (38 +/- 24 months) in 15 others. A tear in the anterior leaflet and ruptured chordae tendinae were the main mechanisms. The most common minor complication was the creation of a small interatrial shunt (16%) without any immediate or long-term complications. With a major complication rate of 4.2%, the mitral surface area increased from 0.97 to 2.2 cm2 and the cardiac index from 3 to 3.6 l/min/m2; left atrial pressure fell from 27 to 15 mmHg (p < 0.0001): the incidence of residual stenosis was only 2%. Seventy nine per cent of patients were asymptomatic and 16% were paucisymptomatic (class II) at long-term. Systematic transoesophageal echocardiography to detect thrombi, the use of pig-tail or Inoue catherters, effective heparinisation during a prolonged procedure and improved experience of the medical teams, should result in a further reduction of the risks of percutaneous mitral commissurotomy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Results of percutaneous double-balloon mitral commissurotomy in one medical center in Tunisia.

Percutaneous balloon mitral commissurotomy was attempted in Tunisia, where rheumatic fever is still endemic, in 463 consecutive patients with severe rheumatic mitral valve stenosis. Their mean age +/- SD was 33 +/- 12 years (range 8 to 68), 324 patients (70%) were women, and 327 (71%) were in sinus rhythm. Valvotomy was technically successful in 454 patients (98%). The mean mitral valve gradient decreased from 20 +/- 7 to 6 +/- 4 mm Hg, mean left atrial pressure decreased from 27 +/- 8 to 15 +/- 6 mm Hg, cardiac index increased from 3.0 +/- 0.7 to 3.6 +/- 0.8 L/min/m2, and Gorlin mitral valve area, from 0.97 +/- 0.19 to 2.2 +/- 0.4 cm2 (all p < 0.001). Two-dimensional echocardiographic mitral valve area increased from 1.03 +/- 0.18 to 2.15 +/- 0.36 cm2 (p < 0.00001). A final valve area of > or = 1.5 cm2 was achieved in 98% of patients. Multivariate analysis identified a pre-mitral valve area < 0.8 cm2 and an echocardiographic score (echo score) > or = 12 as the strongest predictors of residual stenosis (final mitral valve area < 1.5 cm2). Major procedural complications included mortality (0.4%), tamponade (0.7%), thromboembolism (2.0%), severe mitral regurgitation (4.6%), significant (pulmonary to systemic flow ratio > or = 1.5) interatrial shunt (4.8%). Four hundred thirty patients were followed up between 6 and 82 months (mean 37 +/- 22): 95% were in functional class I to II without reintervention, and 7 patients died (1.6%); restenosis (echocardiographic mitral valve area < 1.5 cm2) occurred in 10.4% of patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Percutaneous pulmonary valvuloplasty in children and adults: immediate results].

Between April 1987 and December 1993, 60 consecutive patients with valvular pulmonary stenosis underwent percutaneous balloon valvuloplasty in the cardiology department of Monastir. The average age was 13.9 +/- 10.9 years (3 days-44 years). Fifteen patients were over 17 years of age and 4 were less than one year old. The right ventricular systolic pressure fell from 116.5 +/- 39.5 mmHg to 55 +/- 19.7 mmHg (p < 0.0001) immediately after the procedure. The peak-to-peak systolic gradient between the right ventricle and pulmonary artery fell from 95.4 +/- 40.2 mmHg to 30.4 +/- 19.0 mmHg (p < 0.00001), the valvular-gradient fell from 87.5 +/- 39.6 mmHg to 14.7 +/- 11.1 mmHg (p < 0.00001) and the infundibular pressure gradient increased slightly from 8.0 +/- 14.0 mmHg to 15.6 +/- 18.6 mmHg (p = 0.06). The systolic pulmonary artery pressure increased from 21.6 +/- 6.0 mmHg to 25.2 +/- 6.3 mmHg (p = 0.0015). The mean pulmonary artery pressure from 15.6 +/- 4.8 mmHg to 17.3 +/- 4.9 mmHg (p = 0.028). There were no changes in pulmonary diastolic pressures (10.6 +/- 3.7 mmHg vs 9.2 +/- 3.5 mmHg, p = 0.6). There were 4 primary failures (6.4%) with residual valvular gradients > or = 30 mmHg, including one due to valvular dysplasia. No predictive factors of primary failure could be identified. An infundibular gradient > or = 20 mmHg was observed in 11 patients, 4 of whom had gradients > or = 50 mmHg (6.6%); two gradients were residual and 2 were created by pulmonary valvuloplasty.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Detection of bluetongue virus using a cDNA probe derived from genome segment 4 of bluetongue virus serotype 2.

The double-stranded (ds) RNA genome segment 4 of bluetongue virus (BTV) serotype 2 was cloned and used as a serogroup-specific complementary (c) DNA probe for BTV diagnosis. A cDNA representing a 60% copy of genome segment 4 BTV-2 prototype was produced. The specificity of the cDNA probe was determined by hybridizing this probe to a northern blot of dsRNA (separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis) of plaque-purified BTV-2 prototype. This cDNA probe was then used to hybridize to the RNA samples. Because the probe hybridized to all BTV samples but not to epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus samples, it appears to be a group-specific probe that could be used in BTV diagnosis.

Animals↗