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Biomedical subjects

S Hatch

Publications and source records attributed to S Hatch.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

A rare association of Sweet's syndrome with cervical cancer.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 10-20% of patients with Sweet's syndrome have an associated malignancy. To our knowledge, Sweet's syndrome has been reported in cervical cancer in only three other patients. CASE: We report a case of a 44-year-old female diagnosed with cervical cancer (FIGO IIIB), treated with concurrent chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Approximately 5 months after completing treatment, she presented with nausea, vomiting, and bullous pustular lesions on the hand. She was found to have a small bowel obstruction due to recurrence of her cervical cancer, and a biopsy of the skin lesion showed a marked dermal neutrophilic infiltrate consistent with Sweet's syndrome. CONCLUSION: We report a case of Sweet's syndrome associated with cervical cancer, which is a rare finding.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The influence of queen age and quality during queen replacement in honeybee colonies.

Honeybee, Apis mellifera, colonies replace their queens by constructing many queen cells and then eliminating supernumerary queens until only one remains. The ages of the queens and the variation in their reproductive potential are important factors in the outcome of such events. Selection would favour colonies that requeen as quickly as possible to minimize the brood hiatus, therefore selecting for queens reared from older larvae. Conversely, reproductive potential (queen 'quality') is maximized by rearing queens from younger larvae. This potential trade-off was tested during two phases of queen replacement, namely queen rearing and polygyny reduction. Our results suggest that queen age is a significant element during both queen rearing and polygyny reduction, whereas queen quality, at least to the magnitude tested in this experiment, has little impact on the outcome of either process. The rate of queen replacement therefore appears to be an important factor in the honeybee life cycle, and further mechanisms of potential importance during this life history transition are discussed. Copyright 2000 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1999

Epidemiological indicators and ethnographic realities of female cocaine use.

This study is an ethnographic examination of differences in the male-to-female ratio among cocaine users in epidemiological indicators from emergency room departments, local drug-user treatment programs, and the pretrial detention center. In-depth interviews were conducted with female cocaine users. The lower female ratio in drug treatment and emergency department sources seems related to barriers to drug-user treatment for women and the image of emergency departments as an extension of the criminal justice system. The women's involvement in visible illegal activities and their perception as easy arrestees may explain the arrestee data ratio. The findings indicate that epidemiological indicators may misrepresent the gender distribution among drug users.

Cocaine-Related Disorders↗
PubMed1998

Does glutamine supplementation increase radioresistance in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix?

OBJECTIVE: Glutamine is proposed to protect bowel from radiation. However, glutamine may decrease cancer's radiosensitivity. We evaluate glutamine's effect on the growth rate and radiosensitivity of two cervical carcinoma cell lines in vitro. METHODS: HeLa and CaSki cells were seeded at 3000 cells/well in glutamine-free medium. An increasing amount of glutamine (0.4, 10, and 20 mM) was added to the respective plates, incubated, and irradiated with a single fraction of 0.5, 1, 3, and 6 Gy. Using a growth inhibition assay and photometric analysis, the viable cells were counted on day 8. Cell counts represent a mean +/- standard deviation from six experiments and are expressed in 10(3) cells. Analysis of variance was performed. RESULTS: In nonirradiated HeLa plates, absence of glutamine results in 5.7 +/- 1.2 cells/well. Addition of glutamine at 0.4, 10, and 20 mM to nonirradiated cells significantly (P < 0.0001) increased growth to 79.1 +/- 10.0, 122.5 +/- 9.0, and 114.3 +/- 13.9 cells/well, respectively. In culture plates irradiated with 6 Gy, HeLa cells supplemented with 0.4, 10, and 20 mM of glutamine showed lower cell counts (P < 0.008). A similar significant growth suppression at 6 Gy in comparison to 0.5, 1, and 3 Gy was observed (P < 0.01). CaSki cells showed similar patterns. CONCLUSIONS: Growth of HeLa and CaSki cells in vitro requires a minimum of 0.4 mM of glutamine in the medium. Supraphysiologic glutamine concentration does not increase tumor growth or radioresistance. Glutamine should be evaluated further as a potential bowel radioprotector.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1998

Using social network and ethnographic tools to evaluate syphilis transmission.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Partner notification has been the cornerstone for the prevention and control of syphilis in the United States. This technique may not make full use of contextual data that an ethnographic and social network approach can offer. GOALS OF THE STUDY: The occasion of a syphilis outbreak among young people was used to investigate the applicability of a social network approach and to test the validity of several traditional approaches to syphilis epidemiology. STUDY DESIGN: An outbreak of syphilis was investigated by interviewing both infected and noninfected people, by directing resources based on network association, by creating and evaluating network diagrams as an aid to the epidemiologic process, and by including ethnographic observations as part of outbreak management. RESULTS: Diagrammatic display of network growth provided a useful alternative to the traditional epidemic curve. Case prevention was demonstrated by identifying uninfected people with multiple concurrent exposures. Concurrent, overlapping exposure in infected people rendered traditional "source" and "spread" criteria moot. CONCLUSIONS: The current discussions of partner notification may be informed by recognizing that it is a subset of a broader and potentially more powerful approach. This approach calls some basic tenets of syphilis epidemiology into question.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Validity and reliability of the MTI photoscreener.

OBJECTIVES: The prevalence and necessity for early detection of vision problems illustrate the need for improved methods of vision screening in preschool children. This study assessed the validity and reliability of a new device, the MTI photoscreener in a cross-sectional field study. METHODS: An appropriate sample size (> 140) was calculated and recruited for the study. All children (N = 161) in a migrant workers summer education program were screened with the MTI Photoscreener. Simultaneously and in a masked design, disease status was determined by the Modified Clinic Technique, a well established method for diagnosing the conditions which the MTI screener was designed to detect. RESULTS: Validity measures revealed a sensitivity of 54%, specificity of 87%, phi coefficient of 0.40, and positive predictive value of 52%. Repeatability was assessed by the kappa coefficient, by a test for effect modification by examiner, and by comparison of sensitivity and specificity across 12 masked examiners. The kappa coefficient was 0.38. A test for effect modification suggested that differences existed among the examiners. Variability of sensitivity was high, but variability of specificity was low. CONCLUSIONS: Methods for vision screening in preschool children are limited. The MTI Photoscreener is an easy and efficient method, but the validity and reliability is a concern. Comparison of our results with other studies suggests future potential for this instrument provided protocols are refined and further field studies reveal efficacy.

Child↗
PubMed1989

Left out in the cold.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Voluntary organizations for handicapped children and their families: the meaning of membership.

Two surveys of families caring for very severely disabled children at home reveal that about half the families belong to a voluntary organization. Membership varies by disease, social class, income, family composition and locality. Over half the non-members would like to belong to such organizations and practical obstacles are the most common reason for not belonging. The principal benefits derived by members are the opportunities to share problems and exchange information and advice. In general such bodies hava a role that is different from and complementary to statutory services.

Age Factors↗