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Biomedical subjects

S Helm

Publications and source records attributed to S Helm.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Psychosocial implications of malocclusion: a 15-year follow-up study in 30-year-old Danes.

Long-term psychosocial effects of malocclusion should be studied longitudinally from childhood to adulthood in orthodontically untreated populations. In 1965-66, the occurrence of morphologic traits of malocclusion was recorded in 977 Danish adolescents who had no access to organized orthodontic care. In a follow-up study 15 years later, a questionnaire was mailed to the subjects; this contained general questions about body image and specific inquiries concerning self-perception and social implications of dental appearance. The response rate was 86%. Ten percent had received orthodontic treatment. In the remaining individuals, only one entry among thirteen items of body image--the teeth--was rated significantly less satisfactory by subjects with malocclusion at adolescence than by subjects without malocclusion at adolescence. The lowest ratings were observed in subjects with extreme maxillary overjet, extreme deep bite, and crowding. Highly significant differences were found between the two groups (subjects with and without malocclusion) in recalling adolescent awareness of malocclusion, dissatisfaction with the appearance of the teeth, and unfavorable appearance of the teeth compared with those of peers. Schoolmates' teasing occurred seven times more often in the presence of malocclusion. Differences were less marked in the perceptions of the same individuals in adulthood. However, in both adolescence and adulthood unfavorable perceptions of the teeth were expressed significantly more often by subjects with extreme maxillary overjet, extreme deep bite, and crowding. No association was found between malocclusion and present occupational status. It was concluded that certain malocclusions, especially conspicuous occlusal and space anomalies, may adversely affect body image and self-concept, not only at adolescence but also in adulthood.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Malocclusion at adolescence related to self-reported tooth loss and functional disorders in adulthood.

It has been argued that malocclusion may predispose to tooth loss and functional disorders of the masticatory system. It was the purpose of this study to examine relationships between untreated malocclusion, recorded at adolescence, and self-reported tooth loss and functional disorders in adulthood. In 1965-66, the occurrence of morphologic traits of malocclusion was recorded in 977 Danish adolescents who did not have access to organized orthodontic care. Fifteen years later, 841 (86%) of these subjects responded to a questionnaire screening for tooth loss, symptoms involving the temporomandibular joints and muscles, and some other symptoms of dysfunction. The occurrence of malocclusion was related to the symptoms of the temporomandibular joints and muscles and other functional symptoms. Only a few significant coefficients of correlation were observed. Extreme maxillary overjet (greater than 9 mm) and frontal open bite showed significant correlations with unsatisfactory biting ability. Crossbite was correlated positively with speech defects but negatively with tenderness or fatigue of the cheeks; unilateral crossbite was associated with locking of the mandible. It was concluded that the untreated morphologic traits of malocclusion did not seem to predispose to tooth loss or functional disorders of the masticatory system as reported at the age of 30 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Decrease in menarcheal age from 1966 to 1983 in Denmark.

Mean age at menarche was estimated by the status quo method in the same region of Denmark in 1965-66 and 1982-83 in 983 and 1 591 girls, respectively. During that period menarcheal age decreased by 4 months from 13.40 to 13.03 years, subsequent to a similar decrease from 1949-50 (2) to 1965-66. Comparison with recent data from the other Nordic countries, except Norway, indicates that age at menarche is now close to 13 years, and a halt in the trend towards earlier menarche is not evident.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

A 15-year follow-up study of 30-year-old Danes with regard to orthodontic treatment experience and perceived need for treatment in a region without organized orthodontic care.

It was the aim to study orthodontic treatment experience and past and present perceived need for treatment in 30-year-old Danes who, at adolescence, had no access to organized orthodontic care. In order to identify the malocclusion traits which elicited treatment or need for treatment, the findings were related to the occurrence of various traits which had been registered in the same individuals 15 years earlier. From questionnaires (response rate 86%, n = 841) it appeared that 10% had received treatment and 20% perceived need for treatment either in childhood or at present. At adolescence, the subjects who had subsequently received treatment, displayed relatively high frequencies of ectopic eruption, anterior cross-bite, extreme maxillary overjet, deep bite, and crowding; among those who perceived need for treatment, extreme maxillary overjet, mandibular overjet and crowding were relatively prevalent.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Orthodontic treatment priorities in the Danish Child Dental Health Services.

In 1980, the population of Danish schoolchildren in grade 9 formed the first cohort which, throughout all school grades, had been covered by the Child Dental Health Services, including free orthodontic care. National statistics on prevalence of malocclusion for this cohort of about 60 000 children in grades 3, 6, and 9 (approximate ages: 9, 12, and 15 years) were compared with corresponding frequencies in a population of schoolchildren in the 1960s among whom orthodontic treatment was rare. From the comparison it is inferred that treatment priority, based on professionally defined need, had been given to occlusal anomalies of the incisor segment, transverse anomalies of the lateral segments, and crowding.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, the most common connective tissue disease occurring during childhood, is characterized by chronic arthritis and may be associated with disability and blindness. The presentation, laboratory findings and prognosis of the disease differ significantly from those of adult rheumatoid arthritis. Current classification includes systemic, pauciarticular and polyarticular types, each having different therapeutic and prognostic implications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Skeletal maturity in Danish schoolchildren assessed by the TW2 method.

Skeletal maturity was assessed from hand-wrist radiographs in a sample of 3,817 Danish schoolchildren aged 7 to 18 years using the new version of the bone-specific Tanner-Whitehouse scoring system, the TW2 method. In most of the age groups in both sexes the distributions of the bone maturity scores displayed marked departures from normality; percentiles for the scores were therefore counted from the raw data. On the average, over the total age range, the differences between the age equivalents (bone ages) for the fiftieth percentile and chronological age were close to zero in both sexes, indicating good agreement with the British standards. However, in the individual age groups, and in particular at adolescence, characteristic divergences from the standards occurred, apparently reflecting the developmental spurt.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Assessment of age-at-death from mandibular molar attrition in medieval Danes.

Stages of occlusal attrition of the permanent mandibular molars were recorded in 235 Danish medieval skulls, 52 of which were in various states of mixed dentition. For the first and second molar, ages at emergence and ages at occurrence of the earlier stages of attrition were estimated from the mixed dentitions, on the assumptions 1) that the age at eruption of a given number of permanent teeth was similar in medieval and contemporary Danish children, and 2) that the rate of attrition was similar for the first and second molars. Estimation of ages at occurrence of the later attrition stages and of the age at third molar emergence was based on percentage frequency distributions of the stages of attrition using reiterative calculating procedures. Third molar emergence was estimated at the early age of 14 years. It is argued that assessments of age-at death could be made fairly accurately for the age range 5-30 years, and with decreasing accuracy until about 40 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Prevalence of malocclusion in medieval and modern Danes contrasted.

A comparison was made of frequencies of anomalies of the dentition, occlusion, and space conditions for the permanent dentition in the skeletal remains of 278 medieval Danes and in 1258 contemporary Danes. The congenital anomalies of the dentition were equally common in the samples. Extreme maxillary overjet and distal molar occlusion, deep bite, and crowding were considerably less frequent in the Middle Ages. The frequencies of mesial molar occlusion and crossbite, but not that of midline displacement, were higher in the medieval sample, especially in the older subjects. It is suggested that the observed differences in malocclusion prevalence were related to exogenous factors, primarily the pronounced dental attrition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Basic method for recording occlusal traits.

This article describes a basic method for the recording of malocclusion that has been developed jointly by the World Health Organization and the International Dental Federation. The method was developed and field-tested in the period 1969-78 and should provide investigators and health authorities with a common basis for assessing the prevalence of malocclusion in various parts of the world. It should also serve as a basic reference tool in the development of methods for assessing the need and demand for orthodontic treatment.

Dental Records↗