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Biomedical subjects

S Higashide

Publications and source records attributed to S Higashide.

27 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Gallbladder sludge and stone formation in relation to contractile function after gastrectomy. A prospective study.

In a prospective trial to determine whether gastric surgery induces gallbladder sludge and stone formation, 48 patients with gastric cancer were ultrasonographically examined with simultaneous observation on changes in gallbladder contractile function before and serially for 5 years after gastrectomy. Gallbladder sludge formation was induced with a high frequency of 42% 1 month after gastrectomy, with corresponding significant lowering of gallbladder contractile function. Most of gallbladder sludges, however, disappeared within 12 months in relation to the gradual recovery of gallbladder contractile function. Conversely, gallstone developed in nine patients (18.8%), mostly more than 6 months after gastrectomy. Interestingly, gallstone formation was induced in seven patients who were sludge negative. An evolvement of gallbladder sludge into stone was observed in only two patients, who were, however, treated with intravenous hyperalimentation. This study first provides evidence for the relationship between gastrectomy and a considerably high frequency of incidence of gallbladder sludge and stone in relation to changes in gallbladder kinetics after gastrectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Effects of ethanol and wine on hepatic arterial and portal venous flows in conscious dogs.

The effects of ethanol and wine on hepatic arterial and portal venous flows were examined in conscious dogs. Ethanol was given intravenously or intragastrically, and red wine (ethanol: 14%) was given intragastrically over 30 min. Intravenous ethanol (0.8 g/kg) and intragastric ethanol (14% vol/vol) increased hepatic arterial flow, which remained elevated for 60 min after the cessation of ethanol administration. Ethanol also increased portal venous flow. Portal venous flow returned gradually toward basal levels after the cessation of intravenous ethanol infusion, whereas it remained elevated even after the cessation of intragastric ethanol. Intragastric wine increased hepatic arterial and portal venous flows. In contrast to intragastric ethanol, hepatic arterial flow continued to rise after the cessation of intragastric wine infusion, while portal venous flow returned toward basal levels. We conclude that, though both ethanol and wine increase hepatic blood flow, the responses of hepatic arterial and portal venous flows differ substantially among intravenous ethanol, intragastric ethanol and intragastric wine.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Problems in combined resection of adjacent organ in lung cancer: significance of preoperative and intraoperative ultrasonic examination].

Aggressive combined resections were carried out, on 24 lung cancer cases which showed invasion into surrounding organs. Those cases with wide infiltration of the ribs, and into surrounding intercostal tissues, and for those with invasion to diaphragm, the outcome of the operations was rather poor but, for those with invasion in pericardium and left atrium, fairly favorable results were obtained. These present results indicated that aggressive resections of adjacent organs is to be recommended for cases without N 2 infiltration. Experiences from these operations have taught us the importance and useful of diagnosis of the status of invasion of the tumor, during the operation by ultrasonogram (IUS), with direct contact of the probe to the thoracic wall or mediastinal organs, to discriminate the areas of chest wall and mediastinal organs that require resections. This method, in combination with esophagus ultrasonic endoscopy (EUS), enabled defining the infiltrated areas with accuracy far exceeding that obtained by tactile examination. Techniques of, and observations obtained by these examination methods are presented.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Effect of human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) on splanchnic circulation in dogs.

The effect of intravenous administration of human epidermal growth factor on the splanchnic blood flows was examined in anesthetized dogs, using an ultrasonic transit-time volume flow meter. Human epidermal growth factor (0.1, 0.5 and 1 microgram/kg) significantly increased blood flows in the portal vein (36.9 +/- 7.4% at 1 microgram/kg) and the superior mesenteric artery (49.0 +/- 16.8% at 1 microgram/kg). Systemic blood pressure monitored simultaneously was significantly decreased (8.4 +/- 1.2% at 1 microgram/kg). This study is the first to demonstrate that intravenous administration of epidermal growth factor increases the portal venous blood flow.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Solution synthesis of human peptide YY (hPYY).

Human peptide YY (hPYY) was synthesized in a conventional manner by assembling six peptide fragments followed by deprotection with 1 M trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf)-thioanisole in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). After purification by gel-filtration on Sephadex G-25, followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, a highly purified sample of synthetic hPYY was obtained. When administered in dogs, synthetic hPYY was as active as synthetic porcine PYY in terms of the effects on systemic arterial blood pressure, and splanchnic blood flow.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1989

Solution synthesis of human neuropeptide Y (hNPY).

Human neuropeptide Y (hNPY) was synthesized in a conventional manner by assembling seven peptide fragments followed by reduction of the Met(O) residue with phenylthiotrimethylsilane and subsequent deprotection with 1 M trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf)-thioanisole in trifluoroacetic acid (TFA). Alternatively, deprotection was performed in a two-step manner; first, treatment with 1 M trimethylsilyl bromide-thioanisole in TFA, and then with 1 M TMSOTf-thioanisole in TFA. After purification by gel-filtration on Sephadex G-25, followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography, a highly purified sample of synthetic hNPY was obtained in both cases. When administered in dogs, synthetic hNPY was as active as porcine NPY in terms of the effects on systemic arterial blood pressure, pancreatic blood flow, and superior mesentric artery (SMA) blood flow. Met(O)17-hNPY was found to be as active as the parent sample in these bioassays.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of synthetic human pancreastatin on pancreatic secretion and blood flow in rats and dogs.

Effects of synthetic human pancreastatin-52 and human pancreastatin-29 on pancreatic secretion and blood flow were examined in rats and dogs. Synthetic human pancreastatin-52 and human pancreastatin-29 were equally potent in suppressing the release of amylase stimulated by cholecystokinin in rats in vivo. However, neither human pancreastatin-52 nor human pancreastatin-29 altered basal and cholecystokinin-stimulated amylase release from isolated dispersed rat pancreatic acini. In studies in dogs, human pancreastatin-29 suppressed releases of amylase and protein stimulated by cholecystokinin, but did not alter pancreatic blood flow. These results suggest that the inhibitory effects of pancreastatin on pancreatic secretion do not involve a direct action on pancreatic acinar cells nor alteration of pancreatic blood flow. Pancreastatin probably is important in regulating exocrine pancreatic secretions as well as endocrine pancreatic secretions.

Amylases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Indirect inhibitory effect of a neurotensin receptor antagonist on human colon cancer (LoVo) growth.

The effect of the nonpeptide neurotensin (NT) receptor antagonist SR48692 on NT-mediated growth of xenografted human colon cancers (LoVo) was determined. Sixty-four athymic nude mice, inoculated with LoVo cells at a single site, were randomized into four groups of 16 mice each to receive either vehicle NT (600 microg/kg), SR48692 (2 mg/kg) or NT+SR48692 administered s.c., t.i.d., for 25 days. Treatment with NT significantly stimulated LoVo tumour growth, weight, DNA and protein content; SR48692 blocked this NT-mediated effect but had no effect when administered as a single agent. In addition, normal jejunum and ileum were removed and assessed. Similar to the effects on LoVo tumours, NT stimulated jejunal and ileal growth; SR48692 blocked this NT-mediated effect. In contrast to our in vivo findings, NT had no effect on LoVo cell growth in vitro. Also, Northern blot analysis demonstrated no expression for the NT receptor in either LoVo tumour cells or xenografted tumours. Our findings suggest that the trophic effect of NT on LoVo may be through an indirect effect; one possibility is that administration of NT may stimulate the release of other trophic factors which then stimulate tumour growth. The nonpeptide NT receptor antagonist SR48692 will be a useful agent to delineate the specific effects of NT on neoplastic as well as normal gastrointestinal tissues.

Analysis of Variance↗