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Biomedical subjects

S Hirsh

Publications and source records attributed to S Hirsh.

6 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Effects of nutritional supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength in free living elders. Results of one year follow.

PURPOSE: To assess the effects of a one year nutritional supplementation and resistance training program on muscle strength and walking capacity in the elderly. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Elderly subjects from two outpatient clinics received a nutritional supplement, that provided 400 Kcal, 15 g/protein and 50% of vitamin DRVs per day. Half the subjects receiving and not receiving the supplement were randomly assigned to a resistance exercise training program with two sessions per week. Every six months, body composition using DEXA, limb muscle strength, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures and walking capacity were assessed. RESULTS: One hundred forty nine subjects were considered eligible and 101 (31 supplemented and trained, 28 supplemented, 16 trained and 26 without supplementation nor training) completed the year of follow up. Overall compliance with the supplement was 48 22 % and trained subjects attended 56 21% of programmed sessions. No changes in fat free mass were observed in any of the groups, but fat mass increased from 22.5 7.3 to 23.2 7.3 kg in all groups (p < 0.001). Upper and lower limb strength and walking capacity increased significantly in trained subjects whether supplemented or not. Maximal inspiratory pressure and right hand grip strength increased only in the supplemented and trained group. CONCLUSIONS: Resistance training improved muscle strength and walking capacity.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Biochemical analysis of ocular surface mucin abnormalities in dry eye: the canine model.

This study examines the canine model of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS, 'dry eye') in order to establish the biochemical basis of altered ocular mucin secretion in this condition. It follows a previous examination of ocular mucins in the normal dog. Mucus was collected by suction from the ocular surface of dogs with KCS, and dispersed in guanidine hydrochloride containing a cocktail of protease inhibitors. Caesium chloride density gradient centrifugation was used to separate floating 'rafts' of cell membranes from gradients containing secreted mucins. Gradient fractions were collected into pools on the basis of differential staining by Periodic Acid Schiff, Wheat Germ Agglutinin, and antibodies to MUC5AC peptide. High molecular weight glycoproteins were purified from the pooled material by gel filtration chromatography. Membrane-associated glycoproteins were also derived from the membrane rafts using octyl glucoside extraction and/or reduction and alkylation. Secreted mucins and membrane extracts from KCS samples were compared to equivalent material obtained from normal eyes. Density gradient staining profiles for normal and KCS mucus were similar over the buoyant density range typical for secreted mucins, enabling the collection of identical pools of gradient fractions for direct comparison. The following differences were observed in KCS secreted mucins compared to normal samples: an increase in the proportion of mucin with low buoyant density; a decrease in mannose content detected with Concanavalin A lectin; an increase in N-acetylglucosamine structures detected with Lycopersicon esculentum lectin; increased migration and lack of evidence for distinct subunit structure on agarose gels. In membrane extracts, the main difference was the presence of T antigen (Gal beta 1-3GalNAc) in KCS. These results demonstrate alterations in the subunit linkage of mucins in KCS, and suggest that glycosylation, core protein expression and/or post-synthetic modification of ocular surface mucins may also be changed.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Relative efficacy of alcohol and propranolol in action tremor.

Thirty-nine patients with a variety of diseases, including essential tremor, Parkinson's Disease, olivopontocerebellar degeneration, ataxia telangiectasia, and cervical cord injury with action tremor, were evaluated for the effect of one ounce of absolute alcohol ingestion. Tremor significantly subsided in 61.9% of E.T.; 46.6% of P.D.; one patient with A.T.; and one patient with C6 lesion. The tremor became worse in one patient with O.P.C.D. Twenty of these patients were treated with propranolol, an average dose of 92 mgm. per day, and re-evaluated three to six months later. All those who improved on alcohol improved on propranolol and the one whose tremor accentuated with alcohol had a similar response to propranolol. It is concluded that the tremorilytic effect of alcohol is neither specific for, nor limited to, essential tremor and is of no value in differentiating various neurological disorders which manifest as action tremor. It is recommended that one ounce of absolute alcohol by mouth be used as an office procedure to predict the response of patients' tremor to propranolol.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronic tenosynovitis of the tibialis posterior tendon and the use of tenography.

Tenosynovitis of the tibialis posterior tendon and the use of the tenogram is presented. The tenogram is used as a diagnostic aid in determining the etiology as well as the course of treatment of a symptomatic tibialis posterior tendon. Various treatments for tenosynovitis have also been described.

Chronic Disease↗