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Biomedical subjects

S Horie

Publications and source records attributed to S Horie.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

T-cell colony formation in healthy homosexual men without anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody.

In order to study the abnormal differentiation and proliferation of precursor T cells in homosexual men, a study was made of T-cell colony formation in 15 healthy homosexual men without anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody. The colony forming method used was the one-step monolayer technique using phytohemagglutinin as an inducer. Our results revealed that colony formation was extremely reduced and 3 cases showed no colony growth. However, with the addition of recombinant interleukin 2 to the culture system, the number of colonies increased up to the same level as in heterosexual controls. In addition, the analysis of CD3+, 4+, and 8+ cells of colony component cells revealed a decrease in CD3+ and 4+ cells. However, with the addition of recombinant interleukin 2, the numbers of CD3+ cells distinctly increased. The above results suggest that a disorder in the differentiation and proliferation of precursor T cells in homosexual men might be one of the causes of immunodeficiency.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Studies on aldose reductase inhibitors from natural products. II. Active components of a Paraguayan crude drug "Para-parai mí," Phyllanthus niruri.

Aldose reductase (AR) inhibitory activity-directed fractionation of the 70% ethanolic extract of Para-parai mí, Phyllanthus niruri, has led to the isolation of three active components, ellagic acid (1), brevifolin carboxylic acid (4) and ethyl brevifolin carboxylate (5). Among them, 1 showed the highest inhibitory activity, being about 6 times more potent than quercitrin, which is a known natural inhibitor of AR.

Aldehyde Reductase↗
PubMed1989

Studies on T-cell colony formation in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients.

In order to study the possibility of abnormal differentiation and proliferation of T-cell precursors in chronic renal failure (CRF), we studied T-cell colony formation in CRF patients. The two-step monolayer method, with phytohemagglutinin-P as the inducer, was used for T-cell colony formation. In our results, colony formation was markedly reduced in CRF patients in comparison with normal controls, with about half of the former showing no colony growth. All cases showed a significant increase in colony numbers with in vitro plasmapheresis (the replacement of autologous plasma in the culture system with normal AB plasma). A significant increase in colony numbers was also seen with the addition of exogenous interleukin-2 (IL-2). The addition of IL-2 in the presence of normal plasma, in particular, induced an increase in colony numbers to near the levels in normal subjects. These results suggest that T-cell precursors exist in near normal numbers in CRF patients and that there are uremic inhibitors in the plasma. A reduced production of IL-2 is also indicated. These factors may be involved in the pathogenesis of immunodeficiency in CRF patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[In vitro growth of eosinophil colonies from normal human peripheral blood].

Eosinophil colony formation was observed in culture of normal peripheral mononuclear cells in the presence of phytohemagglutinin stimulated peripheral mononuclear cell conditioned medium. The number of eosinophil colonies from 10(6) mononuclear cells varied ranging between 2 and 95, and the mean number was 20.4 +/- 6.3 (SE). A large proportion of total colonies was eosinophil colonies accounted for 81.2 +/- 10.7% of the total colonies.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1989

[Acute leukemia complicated by hyperbilirubinemia due to high dose cytosine arabinoside therapy].

A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of low grade fever and purpura in September. 1987. On admission, his bone marrow aspiration showed nucleated cell count of 48 x 10(4)/mm3 with 94.6% of promyelocyte-like leukemic cells. A diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia was made and he was treated with high dose cytosine arabinoside (HDAra C). After this therapy, serum bilirubin, especially direct bilirubin was increased and hyperbilirubinemia was progressed with normal transaminase levels. He had complicated by pneumonia and died of respiratory failure. Autopsy revealed only cholestasis in the liver with neither hepatic cell necrosis nor cell infiltration. This case was though to be a rare case with cholestatic liver injury due to HDAra C.

Cholestasis, Intrahepatic↗
PubMed1989

[Superselective bronchial arterial catheterization via a sheath catheter (SS-BAC)].

Bronchial artery infusion therapy including embolization of the artery has been widely used in the treatment of lung cancer and also for the treatment of hemoptysis due to various lung diseases. However, some serious complications such as spinal cord lesion, tracheobronchial fistula formation and so on have been documented in the literature and these complications are attributed to anatomical characteristics of the bronchial artery having a common trunk with feeding arteries to the spinal cord, esophagus and trachea. To prevent these hazardous events we attempted to infuse and embolize the proper bronchial artery with high selectivity by using catheter-in-catheter technique. A Cook green catheter, 7.2 Fr. size, was wedged in the intercostobronchial trunk artery by a Seldinger technique and then a small catheter, 3.0 Fr. size, was passes through the former catheter to the proper bronchial artery beyond the orifices of other feeding arteries. In 26 out of 30 patients who underwent this procedure we successfully performed this superselective bronchial artery catheterization and the 26 patients consisted of 15 patients with lung cancer and one with metastatic lung tumor who were treated with bronchial artery infusion therapy and ten with various lung diseases who were treated with bronchial artery embolization because of hemoptysis. Bronchial artery infusion therapy including embolization has gained higher safety and effectiveness by means of this superselective catheterization.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Eosinophilic lymphofolliculosis (Kimura's disease) complicated with aortitis syndrome].

A 47 year-old-man was admitted because of mild congestive heart failure. A differential white blood cell count revealed eosinophilia and a biopsied inguinal lymph node showed well-developed lymphoid follicles with germinal centers, eosinophil infiltration and marked proliferating vessels with swollen endothelial cells. He was diagnosed as eosinophilic lymphfolliculosis (Kimura's disease). He also was hypertensive and vascular murmur was pointed out in his abdomen. Angiography revealed the complication of aortitis syndrome. Renal complication in eosinophilic lymphfolliculosis was reported in some cases and it was though that the disease had a clinical aspect of systemic diseases. The complication of aortitis syndrome in our case is interesting from a point of view of eosinophilic lymphfolliculosis as a systemic disease.

Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia with Eosinophilia↗
PubMed1989

T-cell colony formation in homosexual men with anti-human immunodeficiency virus.

In vitro differentiation and proliferation of precursor T-cells was examined in four homosexual men positive for anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), one of whom had acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Peripheral mononuclear cells from the men were cultured with phytohemagglutinin-P in semi-solid culture media containing methylcellulose for 7 days. Colony formation was significantly reduced in all subjects, even in the presence of IL-2. Moreover, numerous colony component cells lacked T-cell specific surface markers. These results suggest that the impaired T-cell differentiation and proliferation occurs at the precursor T-cell level in HIV infection.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

[Antibiotics-induced agranulocytosis. Patient's IgG inhibits a GM colony formation].

The pathogenesis of Cefmetazole (CMZ) induced agranulocytosis was investigated in the case of a 40-year-old man who developed agranulocytosis while he was under treatment with CMZ. Although concentration of CMZ in serum is not detected, patient's serum drawn at the time of diagnosis suppressed normal allogeneic marrow GM colonies in vitro. Normal IgG purified from serum had no effect on GM colony formation in vitro. However, patient's IgG purified from serum drawn at the time of diagnosis suppressed normal allogeneic marrow GM colony in vitro without CMZ. These studies suggest that CMZ-induced agranulocytosis is immunologically mediated through an IgG inhibitor which seems to exert its effect on GM colony formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Cortical blindness caused by acute general cerebral swelling.

A 7-year-old girl who suffered from acute general cerebral swelling as a result of a traffic accident showed cortical blindness. Computed tomography (CT) scan on admission revealed marked slitlike ventricles and narrowing of the perimesencephalic cisterns, which indicated general cerebral swelling. While hospitalized, the patient developed transtentorial herniation twice on day 3, and CT scans at herniation episodes showed disappearance of the perimesencephalic cisterns. After recovery of consciousness, the patient showed cortical blindness, and during gradual recovery she showed pure alexia without agraphia. The visual evoked potentials at 8 weeks, 16 weeks, and 3 years 4 months after trauma showed normalization of the pattern, but revealed left occipital inactivity.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

Influence of 5-tridecylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, a new hypolipidaemic agent, on cholesteryl ester formation in rabbit intestinal mucosa.

The comparative effects of 5-tridecylpyrazole-3-carboxylic acid (TDPC), beta-sitosterol and melinamide on the esterification of cholesterol (CH) have been investigated in rabbit intestinal microsomes and cytosol in-vitro. The three agents did not show an effect on cholesteryl ester formation by cholesterol esterase (CEase). TDPC and beta-sitosterol did not affect cholesteryl oleate formation from oleoyl CoA by microsomal acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), whereas melinamide significantly inhibited cholesteryl oleate formation. TDPC significantly inhibited the incorporation of oleic acid into cholesteryl oleate, which is associated with acyl CoA synthetase (ACS) plus ACAT in mucosal microsomes, at a concentration of 20-100 microM. On the other hand, 5-tridecylpyrazole-3-carbinol (TDPC-OH) a congener of TDPC, and beta-sitosterol did not show any effect. From these results, it is demonstrated that carboxylic moiety of TDPC is necessary to inhibit ACS in-vitro. According to the kinetic analytical results, it is suggested that TDPC acts as a competitive inhibitor of ACS. These results suggest that the inhibitory effect of TDPC on cholesteryl ester formation may be mediated by an inhibition of ACS activity. It is apparent from the data presented that there are substantial differences between TDPC, beta-sitosterol and melinamide with respect to their action on cholesteryl ester formation in rabbit intestinal mucosa.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

The role of peroxisomes in glycerol ether lipid metabolism.

Peroxisomes (microbodies) are ubiquitous subcellular organelles whose functions in cellular metabolism are not clear. In recent years peroxisomes have been shown to play roles in the oxidation of long chain fatty acids and ether lipid biosynthesis. The key enzymes of the acyl DHAP pathway i.e. DHAP acyltransferase and alkyl DHAP synthase have been shown to be localized in peroxisomes indicating that these organelles are obligatory for the biosynthesis of cellular glycerol ether lipids. This is proved by the discovery that in the tissues of patients suffering from Zellweger cerebrohepatorenal syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder where peroxisomes are known to be absent, the acyl DHAP pathway enzymes and the ether lipids were also found to be deficient. Based on such biochemical abnormalities a number of similar genetic disorders such as neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy, different forms of chondrodysplasia punctata, infantile Refsum disease etc. have been characterized as peroxisomal deficiency disorders. These and other findings show that peroxisomes have a regulatory role in membrane lipid biogenesis. It seems that the main role of peroxisomes is to compartmentalize biochemical reactions which cannot proceed in other cellular organelles either due to formation of toxic product (H2O2) or due to non-availability of crucial metabolite (DHAP). The products of the reactions catalyzed by the peroxisomal enzymes e.g. acetyl CoA or alkyl DHAP are then transported out from peroxisomes to other cellular compartments where they are utilized to produce fatty acids, cholesterol, glycerol ether lipids etc. for membrane biogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Molecular characteristics of many hemoproteins: a survey of molecular weights, sedimentation coefficients, other molecular parameters and amino acid compositions.

Data on molecular weights, sedimentation coefficients, other molecular parameters and amino acids compositions of many hemoproteins were collected from the literature and studied. The results of the survey gave a general view of the molecular characteristics of hemoproteins and also revealed the presence of various statistical correlations among the molecular parameters and amino acid compositions. Some of the correlations were found to be practically useful for the estimation of number of heme per molecule, molecular weight or partial specific volume. Discussions were made on the possible structural basis of the molecular characteristics of hemoproteins.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1987

Participation of peroxisomes in the metabolism of xenobiotic acyl compounds: comparison between peroxisomal and mitochondrial beta-oxidation of omega-phenyl fatty acids in rat liver.

The peroxisomal beta-oxidation of omega-phenyl fatty acids (PFAs) as model compounds for xenobiotic acyl compounds was investigated. In isolated hepatocytes, omega-phenyllauric acid (PFA12) was chain-shortened to PFAs having an even number of carbon atoms in the acyl side chain. Associated with this reaction, H2O2 generation was observed, the rate of which was markedly enhanced by clofibrate treatment of rats. Also when using isolated peroxisomes, such a chain-shortening of PFA12 occurred, associated with stoichiometrical production of NADH and acetyl-CoA. The CoA-ester form of PFA12 as a substrate and NAD as a cofactor were required in this reaction, indicating the participation of peroxisomal beta-oxidation in the chain-shortening of PFA12. When using PFAs with various chain lengths, the rates of H2O2 generation measured as the peroxisomal beta-oxidation in isolated hepatocytes were similar to those with the corresponding fatty acids, whereas the rates of ketone body production measured as the mitochondrial beta-oxidation were much lower than that with any fatty acid examined. From the study with isolated mitochondria and purified enzymes, it was found that the mitochondrial beta-oxidation of PFAs was carnitine-dependent, and that the activities of carnitine palmitoyltransferase for PFA-CoAs are low. Moreover, the activities of acyl-CoA dehydrogenase for PFA-CoAs were lower than those for fatty acyl-CoAs, while the activities of acyl-CoA oxidase for PFA-CoAs were comparable to those for fatty acyl-CoAs. As a result, relatively long chain PFAs were hardly subjected to mitochondrial beta-oxidation. Based on the maximum enzyme activities of the beta-oxidation, which were measured by following acyl-CoA-dependent NAD reduction in isolated peroxisomes and O2 consumption in isolated mitochondria, about 60% of the beta-oxidation of PFA12 in the rat liver was peroxisomal. In clofibrate-treated rats, the value reached about 85%. From these results it is concluded that the peroxisome is one of the important sites of degradation of xenobiotic acyl compounds.

Acetyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1987

Existence of fatty acyl-CoA oxidizing system in (micro)peroxisomes of rabbit aorta.

A cyanide-insensitive palmitoyl-CoA oxidizing activity was detected in rabbit aorta. An assay developed for the arterial acyl-CoA oxidizing system was linear with respect to protein content of the homogenate between 12.5 and 100 micrograms and incubation time for at least 15 min. The system was shown to be localized in (micro)peroxisomes by centrifugation in sucrose density gradient. With a diet containing 1% (w/w) cholesterol and 3% (w/w) olive oil for 8 weeks the activity of peroxisomal beta-oxidation increased from 1.38 to 2.54 nmole/min/g aorta. These results show that the aortic catalase-positive particles have a capacity to oxidize fatty acyl-CoA and participate in fatty acid metabolism.

Acyl Coenzyme A↗
PubMed1987

Effects of some hypolipidemic agents on biochemical values and hepatic peroxisomal enzymes in rats: comparison of probucol, CGA, KCD-232, MLM-160, AL-369 and clinofibrate with clofibrate.

The effect of some hypolipidemic agents, which are commercially available and those being developed, on certain biochemical values and on hepatic peroxisomal enzyme activities of rats were examined. Clofibrate (0.25% (w/w) in the diet), p-chlorophenoxy-isobutyryl-glycinamide (CGA) (0.25%), clinofibrate (0.1%), KCD-232 (0.1%) and MLM-160 (0.1%) increased the activities of peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA oxidizing system, carnitine acetyltransferase, and mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase. Of peroxisomal enzymes, catalase activity was increased by the above agents, whereas the activities of D-amino acid oxidase and urate oxidase were decreased by clofibrate and CGA, and but were increased by KCD-232 and MLM-160 which are structurally unrelated to clofibrate. No influence on these enzyme activities by AL-369 and probucol treatments were observed. Hepatomegaly was induced by clofibrate, CGA, KCD-232 and MLM-160. Concerning serum lipid levels, clofibrate, CGA, clinofibrate, KCD-232 and MLM-160 decreased both cholesterol and triglyceride levels, whereas probucol decreased only cholesterol level. AL-369 had no influence on serum lipid levels under this condition using normolipemic rat. From these results, it was concluded that differing clofibrate and CGA, clinofibrate, MLM-160 and KCD-232 might not induce peroxisome proliferation in hepatic cells, although these have an influence on the enzyme composition of hepatic peroxisomes.

Animals↗