PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Hosking

Publications and source records attributed to S Hosking.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Ocular blood flow tonometer reproducibility: the effect of operator experience and mode of application.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the effect of learning and the reproducibility of measurements varied between the two methods of application (hand-held or slit-lamp mounted) of the ocular blood flow (OBF) tonometer. METHOD: Five consecutive measurements by each method were taken at one examination session on one eye of 35 healthy adults (mean age 36.6 years and range 17-84 years). The subjects were seated for all measures and the sequence of tonometer method was randomised between subjects. RESULTS: A new operator does exhibit a significant learning effect and this learning effect is of a greater magnitude for the hand-held technique. No significant difference was found between methods for pulsatile ocular blood flow (POBF), IOP, pulse amplitude and heart rate. Both methods of application had a high coefficient of reliability for POBF: 0.91 for slit-lamp and 0.89 for hand-held. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that results from both methods of OBF tonometer application are reliable and either method can be used for clinical and research studies. However it is important that new operators gain sufficient experience with the OBF tonometer to avoid initial operator-induced variability.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Design counsel.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Health Facility Environment↗
PubMed1998

Scanning laser tomography: effect of change in keratometry values on retinal distance measures.

Scanning laser tomography is an objective non-invasive method for the three-dimensional imaging of the eye in-vivo. It has become a valuable tool in the diagnosis and monitoring of changes to the fundus and optic nerve head in diseases such as glaucoma. Optical errors should be eliminated where possible to improve accuracy and maximise the potential for the detection of subtle change due to disease progression. Alterations in the keratometry reading cause scaling changes in the (x, y) plane. This study demonstrated the importance of the keratometry value on retinal measurements. Accurate fundus measurements require input of the appropriate keratometry value for each subject, while for the detection of subtle change over time in longitudinal study, the keratometry reading should not be altered from baseline.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Polarized Growth of Fungal Hyphae Is Defined by an Alkaline pH Gradient

Robson, G. D., Prebble, E., Rickers, A., Hosking, S., Denning, D. W., Trinci, A. P. J., and Robertson, W. 1996. Polarized growth of fungal hyphae is defined by an alkaline pH gradient. Fungal Genetics and Biology 20, 289-298. Polarized cell growth is exhibited by a diverse range of eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. The events which are responsible for this growth are poorly understood. However, the existence of ion gradients may play an important role in establishing and driving cell polarity. Using a pH-sensitive, ratiometric fluorescent dye to monitor intracellular pH in growing fungal hyphae, we report a gradient at the extending hyphal tip that is up to 1.4 pH units more alkaline than more distal regions. Both the magnitude and the length of the pH gradient were strongly correlated with the rate of hyphal extension and eradication of the gradient-arrested growth. These results suggest that alkaline pH gradients may be integral to hyphal extension in fungi.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1991

National statistics for diet, alcohol consumption, and chronic pancreatitis in England and Wales, 1960-88.

This study compared national statistics for consumption of alcohol and dietary intake with the numbers of cases of chronic pancreatitis as recorded in a 10% sample of all hospital discharges (Hospital In-Patient Enquiry) and with the annual number of deaths. Hospital discharges for chronic pancreatitis became more common throughout the study period (7.0-11.1 discharges per million per year in 1960-4; 26.8-32.4 discharges per million per year in 1980-4). The most rapid increase was from 1975-82. The rate increased fourfold in men, but only twofold in women, and the increase began earlier in men (1976) than in women (1980). Annual deaths from chronic pancreatitis also rose progressively (46-70 in 1960-4; 64-91 in 1985-8). The annual per capita consumption of alcohol rose from 4.0-4.9 litres in 1960-4 to a peak of 7.7 litres in 1979; it has been relatively stable (6.9-7.6 litres) in 1980-8. Total dietary energy intake assessed in the National Food Survey fell progressively, with a correspondingly greater fall in carbohydrate intake, so that the energy contributions of fat and protein rose slightly, although total fat and protein consumption fell from 1965-9 to 1980-4. These changes were small in relation to total dietary intake and seemed to be unrelated to the changes in the numbers of chronic pancreatitis discharges. There was a close correlation (r = 0.96) between per capita alcohol consumption and the numbers of discharges with chronic pancreatitis six years later. This suggests that epidemiological trends in chronic pancreatitis in the United Kingdom might be predictable from population based statistics of alcohol consumption.

Alcohol Drinking↗