Biomedical subjects

S I Jaja

Publications and source records attributed to S I Jaja.

9 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Effect of changes in plasma vitamin E level of vascular responses and lipid peroxidation in sickle cell anaemia subjects.

The effect of vitamin E supplementation (300 mg/day for 6 weeks) on blood pressure, forearm blood flow, forearm vascular resistance, plasma vitamin E level and lipid peroxidation status was investigated in adult sickle cell anaemia subjects. Ten adults whose ages ranged from 19.0 to 25.0 years (mean 22.8+/-0.8 years) were studied. Vitamin E supplementation had little or no effect on arterial blood pressure but significantly increased forearm blood flow (p<0.001) and plasma vitamin E level (p<0.001). However it significantly decreased lipid peroxidation status (p<0.001) and forearm vascular resistance (p<0.001). The change in plasma vitamin E concentration correlated negatively with change in lipid peroxidation status (r=-0.8; p=0.003). However, change in plasma vitamin E concentration correlated positively with change in forearm blood flow (r=0.8; p=0.006). There was an inverse correlation between change in plasma lipid peroxidation and change in forearm blood flow (r=-0.7; p=0.03). The study therefore shows that in sickle cell anaemia subjects, vitamin E supplementation increases forearm blood flow and reduces forearm vascular resistance and lipid peroxidation. The increase in forearm blood flow correlates inversely with the reduction in lipid peroxidation. This suggests that in sickle cell anaemia subjects, vitamin E supplementation could cause an increase in forearm blood flow by decreasing plasma lipid peroxidation level.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Changes in erythrocytes following supplementation with alpha-tocopherol in children suffering from sickle cell anaemia.

INTRODUCTION: Low plasma vitamin E level in children with sickle cell anaemia has been related to elevated level of irreversibly sickled cells which has been implicated in the pathogenesis of painful crisis. In adult patients supplementation with alpha-tocopherol has been shown to reduce irreversibly sickled cell count. In-addition, vitamin E supplementation increases resting forearm blood flow and reduces forearm vascular resistance in adult sickle cell anaemia sufferers. AIM: The aim of the study was to examine the effects of supplementation with alpha-tocopherol on arterial blood pressure, some haematological parameters and osmotic fragility in children suffering from sickle cell anaemia. METHODOLOGY: The effects of supplementation with alpha-tocopherol (100 mg. per day for 6 weeks) on packed cell volume (PCV) haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), per cent foetal haemoglobin (% HbF), per cent irreversibly sickled cells (%ISC), erythrocyte osmotic fragility and blood pressure have been assessed in ten (10) children suffering from sickle cell anaemia. Their ages ranged from 4.0 to 10.0 years. RESULTS: Supplementation with alpha-tocopherol significantly increased packed cell volume (p<0.001), haemoglobin concentration (p<0.01) and per cent foetal haemoglobin (p<0.001), but significantly reduced mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (p<0.01) and per cent irreversibly sickled cells (p<0.001). alpha-Tocopherol also increased the resistance of the cells to lysis. Supplementation with alpha-tocopherol had little or no effect on arterial blood pressure. CONCLUSION: This study shows that short-term supplementation with alpha-tocopherol may be beneficial to the paediatric sickle cell sufferer.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗

PubMed2003

The effect of warmth or/and vitamin E supplementation on forearm blood flow and forearm vascular resistance in sickle cell and non sickle cell anaemia subjects.

The effects of warmth stimulation and/or supplementation with vitamin E (300 mg/day for 6 weeks) on forearm blood flow (FBF) and forearm vascular resistance (FVR) were measured in 8 sickle cell anaemia (SCA) (mean age = 22.8 + 0.8 years) and 11 non sickle cell anaemia (NSCA) subjects (mean age = 23.2 + 1.1 years) of both sexes. Warmth stimulation was induced by immersing the left foot in warm water at 400C for 2 minutes. Forearm blood flow was measured with the venous occlusion plethysmography method. Warmth increased FBF (p <0.01 in each group) and reduced FVR (p <0.05) in NSCA subjects. The change in FBF was greater (p < 0.05) in the NSCA subjects than in the SCA subjects. Supplementation with vitamin E reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) (p < 0.001 in each case) in the NSCA subjects but had little or no effect on the SCA subjects. Vitamin E increased FBF in NSCA subjects (p < 0.05) and SCA subjects (p < 0.01) and decreased FVR in both groups (p < 0.05 in NSCA and p < 0.01 in SCA subjects). The change in FVR seen in the NSCA subjects was less (p < 0.01) than the change in SCA subjects. After supplementation with vitamin E, warmth further decreased SBP (p < 0.01 in each group) and FVR (p < 0.01 in each case) and increased FBF in both groups (p < 0.01 respectively). The changes caused by warmth after vitamin E supplementation on the blood pressure parameters, FBF and FVR were similar in the two groups of subjects.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

Blood pressure, hematologic and erythrocyte fragility changes in children suffering from sickle cell anemia following ascorbic acid supplementation.

The effect of ascorbic acid supplementation (100 mg/day for 6 weeks) on blood pressure, packed cell volume, irreversibly sickled cells, per cent fetal hemoglobin, hemoglobin concentration, and erythrocyte osmotic fragility was assessed in children suffering from sickle cell anemia. Fifteen children whose ages ranged from 4 to 11 years (7.5 +/- 0.75 years) were studied. Ascorbic acid supplementation reduced systolic blood pressure by 10.9 +/- 3.4 mmHg (p < 0.01), diastolic blood pressure by 7.3 +/- 2.0 mmHg (p < 0.01) and mean arterial pressure by 9.4 +/- 2.6 mmHg (p < 0.01). It significantly increased packed cell volume (p < 0.001), hemoglobin concentration (p < 0.001) and per cent fetal hemoglobin (p < 0.001), but reduced per cent irreversibly sickled cells (p < 0.001). Ascorbic acid supplementation also abolished the long tail of the erythrocyte osmotic fragiligram and increased the resistance of the cells to lysis.

Anemia, Sickle Cell↗

PubMed2002

The effect of vitamin C and/or warmth on forearm blood flow and vascular resistance in sickle cell anaemia subjects.

This study seeks to examine the effects of vitamin C supplementation or/and warmth on forearm blood flow (FBF) and forearm vascular resistance (FVR) in sickle cell anaemia (SCA) subjects in the steady state. Sixteen (16) SCA subjects of both sexes (mean age, 23.4+/-1.5 yrs.) were studied. Blood pressure (BP, mm Hg) and FBF (ml/min) measurements were made at rest, with warmth stimulation, after vitamin C supplementation for 6 weeks at 300 mg per day and with warmth stimulation after vitamin C supplementation. Warmth stimulation was induced by immersing the left foot in a bowl of water at a temperature of 40 degrees C for 2 minutes. Forearm blood flow (FBF) [corrected] was measured by means of a forearm plethysmograph. Forearm vascular resistance (FVR, arbitrary units) was calculated by dividing mean arterial pressure (MAP) with FBF. Warmth stimulation at 40 C significantly decreased systolic blood pressure (SBP) (p<0.05), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (p<0.01), MAP (p<0.01) and FVR (p<0.01) but significantly increased FBF (p<0.01). Vitamin C supplementation also significantly reduced SBP (p<0.001), DBP (p<0.01), MAP (p<0.01) and FVR (p<0.05) but significantly increased FBF (p<0.01). After vitamin C supplementation, warmth stimulation potentiated the reduction in SBP (p<0.001), DBP (p<0.01), FVR (p <0.01) and increase in FBF (p<0.01). In conclusion, warmth stimulation at 40 [corrected] degrees C or vitamin C supplementation caused a decrease in arterial blood pressure, forearm vascular resistance and increase in forearm blood flow in sickle cell anaemia subjects. Pretreatment with vitamin C enhanced the vasodilator effect of warmth.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2002

Exercise improves recovery of ventilation in male asthmatic subjects in the steady state.

The effect of a three-minute exercise step test (submaximal) on the recovery of tidal volume (V(T)), respiratory frequency (f(R)) and minute ventilation (V(E)) has been investigated in non-asthmatic subjects, asthmatic subjects that exercise regularly and asthmatics that do not participate in regular exercise. Recovery was observed over twenty minutes at two-minute intervals. Ten male non-asthmatic subjects (NAS) (mean age 20.7+/- 0.4 yr), six male asthmatic subjects (20.5+/- 0.5 yr) that exercised regularly (EAS) and six male asthmatic subjects (20.8+/- 0.5 yr) that did not exercise regularly (NEAS) were studied. Exercise significantly increased all the measured variables in all the groups of subjects (P<0.001 in each case). At the end of the 20th minute, magnitude of recovery of V(T) was 123.3+/- 4.5% in NAS, 102.4+/- 5.1% in EAS (p<0.001) and 87.9+ 5.4% in NEAS (p<0.001). Mean rate of recovery of V(T) was highest (6.3%/min) in NAS and least in NEAS (4.4%/min). At the end of the (T)observation period, recovery of respiratory frequency (f(R)) was 100.0+/- 5.0% in NAS, 100.0+/- 4.5% in EAS and 89.2+/- 3.0 in NEAS. Mean rate of recovery of f(R) was 5.0%/min in NAS and EAS subjects respectively and 4.4%/min in NEAS subjects. Also, at the end of the 20th minute, the magnitude of recovery of V(E) was similar between NAS and EAS (105.1+/- 1.5% and 101.6+/- 1.75% respectively). Recovery of V(E) was significantly less in NEAS (93.9+/- 2.5%; p<0.01). Mean rate of recovery of V(E) was similar between NAS and EAS subjects (5.0%/min in each case) and 4.1%/min in the NEAS subjects. Thus regular exercise improves the recovery of ventilatory parameters in asthmatic subjects.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Peak expiratory flow rate in Nigerian school children.

Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) was measured using the Wright's peak flow meter in 263 school boys and 275 school girls living in Lagos, Nigeria. Their ages ranged from 6.0 years to 19.0 years (mean 11.9 +/- 3.8 yrs. for boys and 11.8 +/- 3.9 yrs. for girls). Mean PEFR was 359.2 +/- 102.0 L/min (range 160.0-610.0 L/min) in boys and 327.7 +/- 81.3 L/min (range 160.0-500.0 L/min) in girls. Apart from ages 17, 18 and 19, peak expiratory flow rates were similar in both boys and girls. In both sexes, PEFR correlated positively and significantly with age, height, weight and body surface area. Also in both sexes and in all age groups studied, PEFR was significantly higher than predicted values obtained from previous Nigerian and caucasian prediction equations. When compared with values obtained from a second caucasian prediction equation, observed values were significantly higher in the 6-10 years and 16-19 years age groups in boys and 11-15 years and 16-19 years age groups in girls. New prediction equations for calculating PEFR in Nigerian boys and girls are presented. Observed PEFR may be due to enhanced stature in Nigerian children resulting from improved environment and genetic factors.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Lung function, haemoglobin and irreversibly sickled cells in sickle cell patients.

This study seeks to show whether there is a positive relationship between HbF, irreversibly sickled cells and several lung function parameters. Percentage haemoglobin F (%HbF), percent irreversibly sickled cells (%ISC), blood pressure (BP, mm Hg), heart rate (HR, b/min), forced vital capacity (FVC,I), timed vital capacity (FEV1, I) FEV1% and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR, I/min) were measured in 10 sickle cell (in the steady state) and 15 non-sickle cell subjects matched by age and sex. Results showed that although the ages in both groups of subjects were similar, sickle cell anaemia (SCA) subjects had smaller stature. Diastolic BP was significantly lower while pulse pressure, %Hbf and %ISC were significantly higher in SCA subjects (P < 0.001 in each case). Predicted FVC, FEV1, and PEFR were significantly higher (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.001 in each case) than observed values obtained from SCA subjects. Similarly, measured FVC, FEV1, and PEFR in SCA subjects were significantly lower (P < 0.001 respectively) than values obtained from non-sickle cell subjects. In SCA subjects, %HbF or %ISC correlated negatively with each of the ventilatory parameters and with each other. Similar results (except for PEFR) were obtained in the non-sickle cell subjects. The results suggest that %HbF and %ISC correlate negatively with lung function parameters in sickle cell sufferers in the steady state.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Lung function in young Nigerian adults.

Static and dynamic long volumes have been measured in 181 (123 males and 58 females) apparently healthy Nigerian adults. The age range in both sexes was between 17 and 34 years (22.0 +/- 3.2 years in males and 21.3 +/- 3.2 years in females). In the male subjects mean height, weight and body surface area were 170.0 +/- 6.0 cm, 62.0 +/- 8.5 kg and 1.72 +/- 0.19 m2 respectively. In the female subjects mean height, was 162.3 +/- 15.3 cm, mean weight was 57.2 +/- 8.4 kg and mean body surface area was 1.60 +/- 0.12 m2. In both sexes, caucasian prediction formulae overestimated the TLC, FVC and RV/TLC% of the subjects. Observed FEV % in our subjects was higher than in the caucasians. The elevated FEV1 % and reduced FVC, RV/TLC % and TLC in Nigerian subjects may suggest and increased elastic recoil of the lungs and chestwall in them. Regression coefficients and constants for predicting TLC, FVC, FEV1, IC, ERV and RV in Nigerian subjects are presented.

Adolescent↗