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Biomedical subjects

S I Pylaeva

Publications and source records attributed to S I Pylaeva.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Effect of xenogenic immobilized bone matrix on the course of wound process.

The effect of xenogenic demineralized bone matrix as a component of film coating on healing of a full-thickness skin wound was studied. Regenerative processes were more intensive in wounds dressed with a complex film containing demineralized bone matrix than in uncovered wounds and wounds covered with films without bone matrix. Film coating with antibiotics suppressed the development of wound microflora. In vitro experiments demonstrated different effects of demineralized bone matrix on some enzymes in rat skin and liver homogenates. Biological activity of xenogenic demineralized bone matrix as a component of wound coating is shown.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Antimicrobial resistance of nosocomial strains of Staphylococcus aureus in Russia: results of a prospective study.

A total of 879 Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from 17 medical institutions in different regions of Russia were tested. Susceptibility to 18 antimicrobials was determined by agar dilution in accordance with the NCCLS recommendations. The most potent antimicrobials were glycopeptides, linezolid, and fusidic acid, to which no resistance was found. Other antimicrobials with low frequency of non-susceptibility were mupirocin (0.3%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (0.8%), quinupristin/dalfopristin (1.8%) and rifampicin (7.0%). Fluoroquinolones displayed moderate activity (5.8% of non-susceptible strains to moxifloxacin, 9.1% to levofloxacin, 13.1% to ciprofloxacin). High rates of non-susceptibility were found to clindamycin (27.1%), gentamicin (30.7%), tetracycline (37.1%), erythromycin (39.6%) and chloramphenicol (43.1%). The prevalence of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (ORSA) was 33.5% and varied from 0% to 89.5% in different hospitals. ORSA were isolated most frequently in the burn units (77.5%), intensive care units (54.8%), trauma and orthopedics units (42.1%). This is the first multicenter study published of antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus in Russia which meets international standards.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Biological characterization of ecovars of gram-negative bacteria circulating in the burn ward].

In 44 isolated cultures of Gram-negative bacteria, besides commonly known pathogenicity factors, their adhesive activity towards the cells of the buccal epithelium and their interrelations with the representatives of normal microflora which determine natural resistance to colonization have been studied. The artificial adhesion of target cells is accompanied by the inhibition on the natural colonization of epithelial cells by Streptococcus salivarius; it is, therefore, evident that adhesiveness is one of the factors which determine the behavior of microorganisms in cenoses. The circulation of adhesive strains of Gram-negative bacteria has been noted in the burn ward.

Burn Units↗
PubMed1984

[Disorder of the phagocytosis process in alveolar macrophages in thermal injury].

Bacteriological assay, cytochemical studies of succinate and malate dehydrogenases, acid phosphatase, glycogen and lipids, as well as electron microscopy were used in experiments on 75 rabbits to examine over time phagocytosis of alveolar macrophages and some mechanisms of its disturbance after burn trauma. It was established that the phagocytic function of alveolar macrophages gets disturbed shortly after trauma, remaining depressed up to the time of convalescence. It was demonstrated that the mechanism by which phagocytic function gets disturbed differs with time following trauma. Primary depression of phagocytosis occurs immediately after burn. At the height of burn disease the cells develop an energy deficient state, whereas the time of convalescence is marked by the emergence of poorly differentiated forms of macrophages having the reduced phagocyte capacity.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Method of isolating alveolar macrophages and their functional capacity].

A number of modifications are suggested concerning the method for isolation of alveolar macrophages and the technique for their further handling. To study phagocyte function of alveolar macrophages in suspension, the modification of the method is described, which had been offered by the authors before for the determination of the index of complete phagocytosis by peripheral blood leukocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Interrelationship between staphylococcal sensitization, the protective function of leukocytes and septic complications in the burned].

The state of staphylococcus sensitization and the index of completeness of staphylococcus phagocytosis was studied in 42 persons with severe burns. Development of staphylococcus complications was connected with marked specific microbial sensitization and disturbance of intracellular digestion of staphylococci by the patients' blood leukocytes. Detection of unfavourable interraltions of the antistaphylococcus immunity and allergy in the course of the disease can be of diagnostic and prognostic significance.

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The prevention of suppurative-septic complications in severe burns by using immunotropic drug preparations in an experiment].

The prophylactic and therapeutic action of immunotropic preparations in different doses on the development of Pseudomonas infection of experimental animals with thermal burns was evaluated. Natural marrow and thymic regulatory peptides (myelopid, tactivin and thymalin), as well as the synthetic immunopreparation polyoxydonium, were used for immunocorrection. The study revealed that the injection of these immunomodulators in doses recommended by instructions for use did not affect the course of the infectious process, antibody production by immunocompetent cells and the death rate of experimental animals. The use of the course dose of any of these substances, introduced in a single injection, prevented the generalization of infection. The death rate of experimental animals dropped from 80.3% to 47.2%.

Acute Disease↗