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Biomedical subjects

S Inuzuka

Publications and source records attributed to S Inuzuka.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Early squamous lung cancer and longer survival rates.

The criteria for early squamous lung cancer remain open to discussion as patients who have been treated for early stage lung cancer, such as T1N0M0, and appear to have been cured clinically may die from recurrent or metastatic tumors. We reviewed the pathological data on 242 surgical patients with squamous lung cancer and found 31 cases (13%) of early lung cancer, included were early lung cancer of the hilar type as a lesion restricted to the bronchial wall without lymph node involvement, and early lung cancer of the peripheral type as a lesion of less than 2 cm and surrounded by visceral pleura but without lymph node involvement. Of 89 patients with hilar-type squamous lung cancer, 17 (19%) had early lung cancer, and 14 (9%) of 153 patients with peripheral-type squamous lung cancer had early lung cancer (p < 0.05). For early lung cancer of the hilar type, all but 1 (94%) were detected using sputum cytologic study and bronchoscopy. For early lung cancer of the peripheral type, all were detected on chest X-ray, but 57% were cytologically proven to be malignant. The 5-year survival rate for patients with early lung cancer, according to this new criteria is 90%; 92% for the hilar type and 88% for the peripheral type. Thus, classification of early squamous lung cancer is pertinent for determining the prognosis and selection of treatment. We emphasize that efforts be made to detect early lung cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Bacterial infection in cirrhosis, with and without hepatocellular carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: The extent and type of bacterial infection occurring with liver cirrhosis has remained unknown. Further, while hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known to occur mainly in patients with liver cirrhosis, no report has yet investigated the incidence of bacterial infection in HCC. The purpose of the present study was to establish the prevalence of bacterial infection in patients with HCC. METHODS: We have retrospectively investigated all 1140 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and/or HCC for any incidence of bacterial infection. RESULTS: The incidence of bacterial infection was found to be 15.4%, in 740 patients with HCC. This was approximately equal to the incidence of bacterial infection in 400 patients with cirrhosis without HCC, which was found to be 15.3%. When the severity of cirrhosis was graded according to Child-Pugh classification, the incidences of bacterial infection in Child-Pugh class A, class B, and class C were 3.3%, 11.1%, and 31.2%, respectively, in cirrhosis, and 2.3%, 9.1% and 25.6% in HCC. The incidence of bacterial infection increased with the severity of cirrhosis and severe bacterial infections occurred in Child-Pugh class B and C patients. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that the susceptibility of HCC patients to bacterial infection is mainly related to the underlying cirrhosis and not to the HCC.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1993

Mediastinal tumor and application of thoracoscopic surgery.

Thoracoscopic resection of a mediastinal tumor or cyst was done in three patients: two with neurogenic tumors and one with a bronchogenic cyst. The tumors and cyst showed evidence of a discrete plane on computed tomography of the chest. The mean operation time and estimated blood loss were 156 min and 45 g, respectively. For all three patients, the chest drain was removed within 48 h after operation, and there were no complications related to thoracoscopic surgery. The advantages of this approach are less pain, early return to normal activity, and an acceptable cosmetic appearance. Based on our experience, thoracoscopic surgery is considered the treatment of choice for certain mediastinal tumors or cyst.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Vitronectin in liver disorders: biochemical and immunohistochemical studies.

The concentration of plasma vitronectin was determined and compared with various parameters of liver function including the blood coagulation system in patients with liver diseases. The severity of cirrhosis was graded according to Child's criteria and compared with the plasma vitronectin level. Furthermore, the distribution of vitronectin in the liver of patients with liver diseases was studied by light and electron microscopy using the indirect immunoperoxidase method. The plasma vitronectin level was low in all liver disease groups as compared with the healthy controls. The difference from the controls was significant in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and decompensated cirrhosis. Moreover, the plasma vitronectin level was positively correlated with the levels of serum cholinesterase, albumin, plasma alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor-plasmin complex and the prothrombin time and results of the hepatoplastin test. Plasma vitronectin decreased with increasing severity of cirrhosis according to Child's criteria. These results suggest that the plasma vitronectin level is a useful parameter of hepatic synthetic function in patients with liver diseases; it may also reflect the severity of cirrhosis. Light microscopy revealed vitronectin in the area of focal necrosis and the portal tracts in the liver of patients with acute viral hepatitis, in the area of piecemeal necrosis in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis and along the area of fiber deposition in the liver of patients with cirrhosis. Immunoelectron microscopy showed vitronectin in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes. Moreover, vitronectin was seen around inflammatory cells, endothelial cells, Ito cells and hepatocytes in the perisinusoidal area near focal necrosis and piecemeal necrosis and on collagen fibers.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Pleural SC5b-9 in differential diagnosis of tuberculous, malignant, and other effusions.

A monoclonal antibody against soluble phase-terminal complement complex (SC5b-9) was used to try to differentiate pleural effusions of tuberculous vs malignant and other origin. Effusions of tuberculous origin showed a significantly higher SC5b-9 level than did plasma, suggesting activation of complement in the pleural space. All 26 patients with tuberculous effusions showed SC5b-9 levels in pleural fluid exceeding 2.0 mg/L, while 20 with malignant effusions had levels less than 2.0 mg/L. However, rheumatoid, some parapneumonic, and treated malignant effusions showed SC5b-9 levels above 2.0 mg/L. Considering a value exceeding 2.0 mg/L, the specificity and sensitivity of the SC5b-9 estimation in tuberculosis were 0.74 and 1.0, respectively. The mean values for C4d and Bb fragments of complement were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the tuberculous than in the malignant effusions. However, the values for Bb in 16 (62 percent) of the 26 patients with tuberculous or malignant effusions were in the same range. The activity of adenosine deaminase (ADA) was higher in the tuberculous than in the malignant effusions. While 18 of 26 patients with tuberculous effusions showed an ADA value exceeding 50 mU/ml, the estimated cutoff point (sensitivity = 0.69), 35 of the 36 nontuberculous effusions showed a true negative value (specificity = 0.97). A correlation between ADA and SC5b-9 values was observed in pleural effusions. These observations suggest that the estimation of SC5b-9 in pleural fluid presents a new approach to differentiating tuberculous vs malignant effusions.

Adenosine Deaminase↗
PubMed1992

Significance of serum type-IV collagen levels in various liver diseases. Measurement with a one-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies with specificity for pepsin-solubilized type-IV collagen.

Serum type-IV collagen levels determined with a one-step sandwich enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using monoclonal antibodies with specificity for pepsin-solubilized type-IV collagen were compared with histologic changes in liver biopsy specimens from 107 patients with various liver diseases. Serum type-IV collagen levels were increased in the groups with liver diseases compared with controls. The serum type-IV collagen levels in the group with alcoholic cirrhosis showed significantly higher values than the other groups (P less than 0.05). A significant positive correlation was found between the serum type-IV collagen level and the degree of fibrosis or cell infiltration in 107 patients. Immunolocalization of type-IV collagen was observed around blood vessels and bile ducts increased in number in the portal tracts, with cell infiltration and fibrosis, increased around vessels in fibrous septa, and sinusoidal walls of areas with cell infiltration or necrosis in hepatic lobules, and along the boundary between fibrous septa and hepatocytes. The present data indicate that serum type-IV collagen may be a sensitive marker for active fibrosis and that the elevation of serum type-IV collagen level primarily reflects the enhancement of type-IV collagen synthesis and deposition in the liver tissue at the stage of active fibrosis in liver disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Evaluation of plasma SC5b-9 (SMAC) in patients with ARDS].

The adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) occurs in patients with various underlying illnesses. It has been suggested that complement activation may play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of ARDS by direct actions of complement fragments and/or by release of mediators including endotoxin, superoxide anion, and arachidonate metabolites. Therefore, complement evaluation was performed in patients with ARDS, with emphasis on SC5b-9 (Membrane Attack Complex). Complement split products, C4d, Bb, and SC5b-9, respectively from the classical, alternative, and terminal complement pathway were measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using respective monoclonal antibodies. Plasma S-protein (vitronectin) concentration was also evaluated by EIA. We could not detect SMAC in normal controls or in a C5-deficient patient with abdominal infection. In contrast, most patients with ARDS and patients at risk showed elevated SMAC, and an increase in the values in association with exacerbation of the disease. However, two patients with ARDS exhibited lower values of SMAC in spite of deterioration and subsequent death. It was suggested that in these two ARDS patients, liver dysfunction may have contributed to the reduced SMAC formation. The finding that S-protein concentration (a MAC inhibitor) in the plasma of these two patients was reduced supports this speculation. It is suggested that simultaneous evaluation of SMAC and S-protein in plasma is helpful in determining the prognosis of critically ill patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Radiographic evidence of cholecystokinin octapeptide receptors in the hamster gallbladder.

The distribution of cholecystokinin receptors in the hamster gallbladder was investigated by 125I-labeled Bolton-Hunter-cholecystokinin octapeptide autoradiography. Light microscopic examination showed a marked accumulation of radiolabeled cholecystokinin within the domain of the muscle layer of the gallbladder. The electron microscopic study further disclosed the presence of radiolabeling mostly in those areas corresponding to cell-to-cell junctions of smooth-muscle cells. Our results suggest that contraction of the gallbladder may primarily be induced by cholecystokinin interacting with its specific receptor in smooth-muscle cells. That cholecystokinin receptors were more abundant in the junctional complexes of smooth-muscle cells suggests that cholecystokinin may have a major role in muscle contraction of the gallbladder, which eventually produces an effective bile emptying.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Mechanism of fibrous capsule formation surrounding hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunohistochemical study.

In 14 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma with capsule, we studied the mechanism of capsule formation by the immunoperoxidase technique using antibodies to types I, III, and IV collagen, antilaminin antibody, and anti-prolyl hydroxylase antibody. Marked round cell infiltration was observed in the noncancerous side of the capsule and around compressed hepatocytes near the capsule. Thin capsules were composed primarily of type III collagen produced by an increased number of fibroblasts, transitional Ito cells, and hepatocytes near the capsule. In thickened capsules, the noncancerous side consisted primarily of type III collagen and the cancerous side of types I and III collagen. Type I as well as type III collagen was produced by fibroblasts, transitional Ito cells, and hepatocytes. The capsule thus formed is suggested to be part of the defense mechanisms against the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Distribution of substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide in the human liver: light and electron immunoperoxidase methods of observation.

The localization of substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in 12 normal human liver tissues was examined by light and electron immunohistochemistry using immunoperoxidase methods. SP and VIP immunoreactive nerve fibers were observed around portal veins, bile ducts, and hepatic arteries in portal areas, along sinusoids and hepatocytes in hepatic lobules, and around central veins. More SP and VIP immunoreactive nerve fibers were present in the portal areas than in other regions. Moreover, SP and VIP containing nerve endings were localized close to myofibroblasts, Ito cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells of blood vessels, and sinusoids. The results suggested that part of the innervation of the human liver may be related to the contraction and relaxation of the cells close to nerve endings, and to the regulation of hemodynamic processes by the neurotransmitters such as SP and VIP at the hepatic lobular level.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Evaluation of pulmonary emphysema with high resolution computed tomography and the effect of smoking].

Cigarette smoking is thought to play an important part in the development of pulmonary emphysema. The authors previously reported on the correlation of high resolution computed tomography (CT) with the pathology grade of emphysema and the destructive index of lung specimens from 42 patients undergoing thoracotomy for a solitary pulmonary nodule. High resolution CT was effective to identify the presence and grade of mild emphysema. The mean per cent predicted FEV1 was 97 per cent. There were 28 smokers and 14 nonsmokers. In this report, the correlation of smoking history with pathology score and high resolution CT was analyzed. There was significant correlation among these indices. These results further support the relationship between smoking and pulmonary emphysema. High resolution CT scan may help in the understanding of the role of cigarette smoking in the development of early pulmonary emphysema.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemistry of the hepatic extracellular matrix in acute viral hepatitis.

The distribution of several extracellular matrix components in the liver of patients with acute viral hepatitis was studied by light and electron microscopy using indirect immunoperoxidase methods. Light microscopy revealed type III and type V collagen and fibronectin in the portal tracts and the area of focal necrosis, showing cell infiltration. Type III and type V collagen were more strongly stained in the periphery of focal necrosis. Type IV collagen was seen around the vessels and hepatocytes near the focal necrosis. Electron microscopy showed many transitional Ito cells in the area of focal necrosis and fibroblasts were observed in the portal tracts, showing collagen fiber deposition. Numerous collagen fibrils were observed around fibroblasts, Ito cells and hepatocytes. Using immunoelectron microscopy, type III and type IV collagen and fibronectin were observed in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of Ito cells and hepatocytes localized near the area of focal necrosis or fiber deposition. In addition, type IV collagen was seen in the rough endoplasmic reticulum of endothelial cells forming capillary vessels. These results suggest that several extracellular matrix components such as types III, IV and V collagen and fibronectin, produced by Ito cells, hepatocytes or endothelial cells, play important roles in the healing of liver damage in acute viral hepatitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrasonic evaluation of two cases of primary lymphoma of the intestine].

Two cases of primary malignant lymphoma of the intestine were examined by ultrasonography. In the first case, the lymphoma originated from the terminal ileum and caused intussusception. The tumor was significantly hypoechoic. In the second case, the tumor showed pseudokidney sign. The echo level of the tumor was low and the size of the tumor was over 10 cm.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical studies on effect of cefbuperazone on surgical infections].

We conducted clinical studies on the efficacy and safety of cefbuperazone (CBPZ) on surgical infections with the following results. 1) In evaluable 32 patients, CBPZ was evaluated to be clinically effective in 23 (71.9%) and the efficacy rate was better in those who were administered 4 g/day of CBPZ (87.5%, 14/16) than in those who were given 2 g/day (57.1%, 8/14). 2) Antibacterial activity of CBPZ was evaluated in 41 isolated bacterial strains. Pathogen eradication rate by bacterial species was 75.6% (31/41). CBPZ exerted excellent antibacterial effects on Escherichia coli (100%, 8/8) and anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides (88.9%, 8/9). Resistant bacteria to CBPZ were Enterococcus faecalis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 3) No serious side effects were noted in any of the 34 patients who entered in this study. Abnormal laboratory test results were noted in 2 patients (5.9%) and they were transient elevation of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. From the results shown above, CBPZ appears to be a highly useful antibiotic for the treatment of surgical infection.

Adult↗