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Biomedical subjects

S Isaac

Publications and source records attributed to S Isaac.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Appendectomy: evaluation of medical record maintenance in a series of 200 cases].

To improve the management of appendicular syndromes, two hundred files of patients undergoing appendectomy in an emergency surgery department between January 1993 and August 1994 were submitted to a retrospective and descriptive study with evaluation of the medical file content. To evaluate clinical and investigations data collecting, a histopathological review protocol was elaborated to obtain an objective and reliable criterion of the degree of inflammation of the appendix. This review was possible only for 197 files that were included. Data collecting rates are inferior than expected rates, particularly for the association of temperature, abdominal defence and white blood cells count that was found in only 159 files (80.7%). Data were less collected for women, patients operated by celioscopy and when histopathologic review concluded to absence of acute inflammation. Rate of acute appendicitis was 73.6% (145/197). Appendectomies without acute inflammation were higher for women (34.6% = 37/107) than for men (16.7% = 15/90) and for patients who underwent celioscopic appendectomy (42.9% = 33/77) than for patients who underwent Mac Burney appendectomy (16% = 19/119). These results highlight the need to improve competition of medical files with better collection of clinical data, which could lead to improve care quality and management of operated appendicular syndromes, first step to a reduction of the number of appendectomies. A global assessment of file completion could be proposed on the basis of clinical audit.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Neurosarcoma associated with neurofibromatosis 1. Apropos of a case and review of the literature].

BACKGROUND: Type 1 neurofibromatosis considerably increases the risk of cancer development, particularly neurosarcoma. We report a case in a patient with chemosensitive metastatic neurosarcoma. CASE REPORT: A young female patient with familial type 1 neurofibromatosis developed pleural metastasis of a neurosarcoma located on the arm. This tumor was initially highly sensitive to chemotherapy, but relapse occurred. DISCUSSION: Follow-up in the order members of the family was particularly difficult to organize. One sister developed cerebral astrocytoma. Neurosarcomas develop earlier in patients with type 1 neurofibromatosis, worsening prognosis. We suggest a prospective and structured registration of such cases using a network of clinicians and pathologists in order to improve management schemes.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Clear cell tumor of the lung: an immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study supporting a pericytic differentiation.

Clear cell tumor ("sugar tumor") of the lung is a rare benign lesion with unclear histogenesis. It is composed of large cells with a clear cytoplasm rich in glycogen, blended with an abundant network of sinusoid-type vessels. We report two cases of sugar tumor, one of these lacking clearly demonstrable glycogen storage. In both, the tumor cells lacked keratin expression and were positive for vimentin and HMB 45, an antibody recognizing perivascular or myoid cell proliferation such as lymphangioleiomyomatosis and angiomyolipoma. The tumor cells were also immunoreactive for an endothelial cell marker, CD 34, but negative for Factor VIII or smooth muscle actin. Intercellular deposition of basal-like material was immunostained with Type IV collagen. At ultrastructural examination of one of these cases, tumor cells showing features of pericytes or poorly differentiated perivascular leiomyocytes encased in basement material were observed in close association with endothelial cells; their cytoplasm contained numerous membrane-bound glycogen and pinocytic vesicles. We conclude that on the basis of immunohistochemical and ultrastructural phenotype, sugar tumor presents pericytic features and that glycogen storage is not a constant feature of these benign tumors.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell↗
PubMed1996

[Evaluation of the role of cytology in the diagnosis of cancer of the lung. Comparison between cytology and pathological anatomy in 330 cases of proximal cancers].

This retrospective study was performed to evaluate the interest of cytology in the diagnosis of pulmonary carcinomas. Bronchial samples were collected from 330 patients known to display a macroscopic lesion which was detected by bronchoscopy. Cytological analysis of the bronchial brushings and washings, removed at the first fibroscopy, allowed the diagnosis of malignancy in 92% of the cases analyzed whereas the biopsy confirmed the malignancy in 77% of the cases. In conclusion cytological studies gave information on malignity and classification in 90% of the cases. However histological classification only could guarantee the choice of the best treatment regimen.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Viral etiology of obscure splenomegaly in Egyptian children.

Fifty seven Egyptian children aged 1.5 to 9.5 years with mild splenomegaly (less than 3 cm below the costal margin) were screened for antibodies against the three common viruses of the Herpes group: Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Epstein-Barr (EB) and Herpes type 1 virus. A group of 57 healthy children were studied similarly. All patients were subjected to a comprehensive laboratory and clinical work up to exclude any hematological, metabolic or malignant etiology for the splenomegaly. Splenic aspirates from five cases were examined histologically and by immunohistochemistry for the antigens of CMV. Only primary or reactivation of CMV might be considered a cause of splenomegaly, as there was a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of IgM antibodies to CMV in the patients compared to normal controls (63% of patients and 19.4% of controls had IgM antibodies, P less than 0.001; 68.3% of patients and 54% of controls had IgG antibodies, P is insignificant). An almost equal proportion of children with and without splenomegaly had antibodies to EB-Viral Capsid Antigen (EBVCA) both IgG and IgM. (28% of cases and 33% of controls had IgM antibodies; 26% of patients and 21% of controls had IgG antibodies). A role of Epstein-Barr viral infection could not be ruled out in these patients. There was a higher prevalence of antibodies to Herpes type 1 virus in asymptomatic controls than in children with splenomegaly. (10% of patients and 43% of controls had IgM antibodies, 10.6% of patients and 38% of controls had IgG antibodies).

Antigens, Viral↗
PubMed1986

Selectivity to K+ and Na+ of protoplast fractions isolated from different regions of Aspergillus nidulans hyphae.

The selectivity to K+ and Na+ of protoplast samples representing cytoplasm isolated from different regions of the hyphal filament of Aspergillus nidulans was investigated. Concentrations of both ions contained in successive protoplast fractions were measured. During lytic digestion, protoplasts were released first from apical regions and subsequently from progressively older regions of hyphae. A low K+/Na+ ratio was found in protoplasts containing primarily apical cytoplasm and a high K+/Na+ ratio was found in protoplasts originating from older regions of hyphae. The ratios were the same whether MgSO4 or mannitol was used as stabilizer. Absolute concentrations of both ions were higher in protoplasts of apical origin. Protoplasts stabilized in mannitol lost more ions than those stabilized in MgSO4 over an 8 h incubation period. Na+ losses were higher from apical protoplasts whereas K+ losses were higher from protoplasts liberated from older regions of hyphae. The addition of divalent metal cations (1.5 mM-Mn2+ or Mg2+) reduced losses of Na+ from protoplasts but did not affect loss of K+. Data obtained using protoplast samples were related to those obtained for intact mycelium. Absolute losses of both ions from mycelium were lower than for protoplasts but when compared on a protein basis the data suggested that protoplasts possess properties similar to those of intact mycelium in terms of K+ and Na+ selectivity.

Aspergillus nidulans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A new case of congenital cyst of the pancreas.

A new case of congenital cyst of the pancreas is reported. A 34-year-old woman was admitted with a painless, large, epigastric mass. Ultrasonography revealed an anechogenic retrogastric tumor. Computed tomography scan described a liquid cyst of the pancreas which was 15 cm in diameter. During surgery, a well-delimited translucent cyst was found and no local malignancy was observed. Extensive distal pancreatic resection with preservation of the spleen was performed and a thin part of cephalic pancreas was preserved. The liquid of the cyst did not contain any mucus. Microscopic study of the cyst wall described normal cuboidal cells and congenital cyst of the pancreas was diagnosed. Several diagnoses including hydatid cyst, pseudocyst and cystic tumors of the pancreas are discussed. Before surgery, lack of acute pancreatitis in recent medical history rules out pseudocyst and hydatid cyst. During the operation, if cystadenocarcinoma is easily ruled out, macrocystic serous cystadenoma is more difficult to exclude. Only histological examination of the cystic wall confirms the difference between cystadenoma and congenital cyst which remains an exceptional entity.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Liver cystadenocarcinoma originating in cystadenoma without mesenchymal stroma. Therapeutic strategy in case of atypical radiological criteria. A case report.

Optimal treatment of cystadenoma if diagnosed consists of complete resection of the tumor. In case of atypical radiological criteria, therapeutic strategy is not well defined. The attitude we adopt is to regularly monitor the lesion. Surgical removal of the tumor is of course indicated facing any significant change on sonography or tomodensiometry.

Aged↗