Effect of nitrilotriacetic acid on the growth and metabolism of estuarine phytoplankton.
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Acetates↗
Biomedical subjects
S J Erickson
Publications and source records attributed to S J Erickson.
A screening technique for estimating copper toxicity to estuarine phytoplankton.
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Copper↗
Periportal tracking in hepatic trauma: CT features.
In retrospective review, 51 cases of hepatic trauma were analyzed for type and location of injury. More than half of these cases (62%) demonstrated periportal zones of decreased attenuation, which is presumed to represent blood in the periportal region. This finding has been termed "periportal tracking" and may be an important sign of subtle liver injury.
Abdominal Injuries↗
Traumatic fracture of the pancreas: CT characteristics.
Pancreatic fracture is a rare injury caused by blunt abdominal trauma. Few proven cases have been diagnosed by abdominal CT. The typical clinical triad of upper abdominal pain, leukocytosis, and hyperamylasemia is nonspecific. Abdominal CT gives the best opportunity for an immediate diagnosis. Nevertheless, few cases of traumatic pancreatic fracture have been diagnosed by abdominal CT within 24 h following injury and proven at laparotomy. In this report we describe five cases of traumatic pancreatic fracture identified on CT; four cases were verified at laparotomy. Traumatic pancreatic fracture generally occurs as a transverse transection across the neck of the pancreas. Commonly, an accompanying injury to other visceral organs is present. The diagnosis of pancreatic fracture requires a high index of suspicion with close scrutiny of the CT images.
Abdominal Injuries↗
Post-traumatic osteolysis of the clavicle: MR features.
We present the magnetic resonance findings in a pathologically proven case of post-traumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle. High signal intensity tissue centered on the acromioclavicular joint was seen on T2-weighted images, consistent with synovial proliferation.
Acromioclavicular Joint↗
CT and MR imaging of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return to the azygos vein.
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return to the azygos vein is very unusual, occurring in 0.02% of autopsy examinations. We report the CT, magnetic resonance, and angiographic findings in a 67-year-old man with partial anomalous venous return to the azygos vein.
Aged↗
Proximal interruption of a main pulmonary artery with transpleural collateral vessels: CT and MR appearances.
The plain chest radiographic, CT, and MR findings in a 31-year-old woman with proximal interruption of the right main pulmonary artery and transpleural collaterals are presented. The diagnosis can be established by both dynamic CT and MR. Intercostal collaterals and their transpleural connections are best demonstrated with dynamic CT.
Adult↗
MRI of injury to the lateral collateral ligamentous complex of the ankle.
We retrospectively evaluated the lateral collateral ligamentous complex of 43 patients who had complained of ankle pain following ankle sprain. The MR signs of ligamentous abnormality included discontinuity or absence, increased signal within the ligament, and ligamentous irregularity or waviness with normal thickness and signal intensity. Using these criteria, 30 anterior talofibular, 20 calcaneofibular, and no posterior talofibular ligament injuries were diagnosed. Compared with surgery (nine patients), MRI demonstrated six of seven anterior talofibular ligament injuries and six of six calcaneofibular ligament injuries. Magnetic resonance showed ligamentous abnormalities in 12 of 23 cases with normal stress radiography. Magnetic resonance imaging provides useful information for the evaluation of patients presenting with chronic pain after ankle sprain.
Adolescent↗
Monoarticular gout following trauma: MR appearance.
We report a case of gout with monoarticular tophaceous involvement of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the middle finger, emphasizing MR findings. To the best of our knowledge, the MR appearance of gout is not commonly known.
Arthritis, Gouty↗
In vitro and in vivo MR imaging of hyaline cartilage: zonal anatomy, imaging pitfalls, and pathologic conditions.
Hyaline cartilage plays an essential role in the maintenance of normal synovial joint function by reducing friction and distributing loads. Histologic analysis of hyaline cartilage reveals zonal variation in cellular morphology, proteoglycan concentration, and collagen fiber size and orientation. High-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging reveals an analogous laminar anatomy that is often visible on clinical images obtained with proper attention to technique. In vitro and in vivo pulse sequences show three distinct laminae: a hypointense superficial lamina, a hyperintense intermediate lamina, and a heterogeneous deep lamina that consists of alternating hyperintense and hypointense bands perpendicular to the subchondral bone. Imaging pitfalls include magic angle effects, truncation artifact, partial volume effect, regional anatomic variation, chemical shift, and magnetic susceptibility effects. Pathologic conditions that affect articular cartilage include chondromalacia patellae, osteoarthritis, and localized traumatic lesions. Although detection of early cartilage disease remains elusive, MR imaging can demonstrate intermediate and advanced lesions.
Adult↗
The elbow joint: osseous and ligamentous structures.
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Collateral Ligaments↗
Rotator cuff: evaluation with US and MR imaging.
Magnetic resonance (MR) and ultrasound (US) imaging are currently touted for assessment of rotator cuff disease. Optimum clinical imaging techniques include use of (a) a 1.5-T MR imaging unit with small planar coils, proton-density-weighted and T2-weighted fast spin-echo sequences, and 10-12-cm fields of view (yielding 400-470 x 500-625-microm in-plane spatial resolution) and (b) a state-of-the-art commercial US unit with insonation frequencies of 9-13 MHz (yielding 200-400-microm axial and lateral resolution). Proper diagnosis requires familiarity with normal anatomic characteristics and imaging pitfalls. Care must be taken to avoid sonographic tendon anisotropy and MR imaging magic angle effects, which can be misinterpreted as rotator cuff tear. At MR imaging, a complete cuff tear typically appears as either a hyperintense defect or a tendinous avulsion that extends from the bursal to the articular side of the cuff; a partial cuff tear typically appears as a focal hyperintense region that contacts only one surface of the cuff. Complete and partial tears manifest with a wide spectrum of findings at US. MR imaging and US are effective for evaluating rotator cuff injuries, with high reported accuracies for detection of complete tears but more disparate results for detection of partial tears.
Artifacts↗
Renal transplant evaluation with MR angiography and MR imaging.
Magnetic resonance (MR) angiography is a widely used, noninvasive tool for evaluating the aorta and its branches. It is particularly useful in renal transplant recipients because it provides anatomic detail of the transplant artery without nephrotoxic effects. Volume rendering is underutilized in MR angiography, but this technique affords high-quality three-dimensional MR angiograms, especially in cases of tortuous or complex vascular anatomy. An imaging protocol was developed that includes gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of the transplant renal artery with volume rendering and multiplanar reformation postprocessing techniques. Axial T2-weighted and contrast material-enhanced T1-weighted MR images are also obtained to examine the renal parenchyma itself and to evaluate for hydronephrosis or peritransplant fluid collections. This imaging protocol allows rapid global assessment of the renal transplant arterial system, renal parenchyma, and peritransplant region. It can also help detect or exclude many of the various causes of renal transplant dysfunction (eg, stenosis or occlusion of a transplant vessel, peritransplant fluid collections, ureteral obstruction). Conventional angiography can thus be avoided in patients with normal findings and reserved for those with MR angiographic evidence of stenosis.
Adult↗
Trauma spectrum adaptation: somatic symptoms in long-term pediatric cancer survivors.
The authors assessed somatic symptoms and the degree of association among somatic symptoms, global adjustment, trauma symptoms, and personality characteristics in long-term pediatric cancer survivors. Forty cancer survivors completed self-report questionnaires and clinical interviews. Participants' level of somatic symptoms fell between nonclinic and psychiatric populations. Somatic symptom scores correlated with general adjustment in the negative direction and with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) scores in the positive direction. The majority of participants met at least partial current PTSD criteria. Because these survivors demonstrate a repressive adaptive style but endorse somatic symptoms, the latter may represent a method for detecting trauma-related distress in this population.
Adaptation, Psychological↗
The spread of solutions during stellate ganglion block.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Though cervical paratracheal injections for the purpose of sympathetic block are customarily referred to as stellate ganglion blocks, there is no documentation of the actual site of local anesthetic action. The objective of this study is to test whether solution travels to the stellate ganglion during injections commonly used to anesthetize it. METHODS: In eight volunteers, magnetic resonance imaging was used to delineate the distribution of 15 ml saline injected by an anterior paratracheal technique at the sixth and seventh cervical vertebral levels. RESULTS: Injectate was not delivered to the stellate ganglion but rather passed anterior to it. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that sympathetic neural block during stellate ganglion block may take place at sites other than the stellate ganglion.
Adult↗