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Biomedical subjects

S J Karmarkar

Publications and source records attributed to S J Karmarkar.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Long-term results of surgery for posterior urethral valves: a review.

Although the techniques for valve resection have been refined and the short-term management of patients with posterior valves has improved remarkably, there is growing concern about long-term outcome. Prenatal diagnosis has added to the urgency of predicting long-term outcome. This paper reviews all the important long-term data available with the aim of providing a concise picture for the reader, vis-a-vis long-term renal function, the role of proximal diversion in long-term outcome, bladder function and incontinence, the place of renal transplantation, prenatal diagnosis, intervention and prediction of renal function and sexual function and fertility.

Humans↗
PubMed1999

Primary anastomosis in esophageal atresia type I without a gap.

This paper reports the case of an infant born with type I esophageal atresia (EA) associated with duodenal atresia (DA). The critical condition of the patient necessitated an exploratory laparotomy, which revealed severe dilatation of the stomach and duodenum. The routine procedure for repairing type I EA is a delayed primary anastomosis after 10 weeks of age because of the long gap between the two esophageal segments. In our case, due to the concomitant DA, the lower pouch was long enough to allow primary neonatal anastomosis. A radiograph taken with a Hegar dilator in the lower segment via the gastrostomy confirmed this suspicion, and the baby underwent a thoracotomy and primary anastomosis between the esophageal pouches. The authors propose the possibility of primary esophageal anastomosis in similar cases.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1996

Cystic mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver--a rare condition.

Cystic Mesenchymal Hamartoma of the liver is a rare benign tumour of infancy. Congenital cysts of the liver are of two main types: mesenchymal hamartoma and non parasitic cysts. The latter are encountered frequently while liver hamartomas are rare. The first reported case of mesenchymal hamartoma was that of Maresch in 1903. In 1956 Edmondson reviewed the literature and proposed the term "Mesenchymal Hamartoma" as a new clinical entity. In this paper we are discussing a rare case of cystic mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver, its clinical presentation, pathological characteristics, options of management and reviewing the relevant literature.

Cysts↗
PubMed1995

The 3-loop technique: a reliable technique for anterior pubic fixation in bladder exstrophy.

PURPOSE: In exstrophic anomalies the ultimate urological outcome largely depends on successful initial closure of the lower urinary tract and soft tissues. We believe that secure anterior pubic fixation is crucial for ensuring successful closure. After being dissatisfied with other methods of anterior pubic fixation we introduced the 3-loop method. The 3-loop technique and our experience with it are described. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 2 years 7 consecutive cases of bladder exstrophy were closed using the 3-loop technique. Patient age at closure ranged from newborn to 9 years. RESULTS: In all 7 patients closure was successful and there was no cutting through of the wires, bony erosion, or erosion into the reconstructed bladder neck or urethra. The duration of postoperative traction was only 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The 3-loop method is useful and reliable for secure anterior pubic fixation of the pubes in bladder exstrophy patients and it contributes positively to the ultimate urological outcome.

Bladder Exstrophy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Rectal duplication.

Duplications of the alimentary tract are of a great rarity, particularly so in the rectum. Because of its rarity, the difficulty of making a correct diagnosis and of selection of proper approach for treatment, this entity bears a special significance. The present case report deals with a female newborn who presented with imperforate anus and a rectovestibular fistula and a mass prolapsing at the introitus. Complete excision of the mass was carried out through the perineal approach and the child then underwent, a PSARP for the correction of the rectal anomaly. Histology confirmed the mass to be a rectal duplication.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric volvulus in childhood.

Gastric volvulus is an uncommon condition more so in the paediatric age group. The cause of gastric volvulus may be idiopathic or secondary to various congenital or acquired conditions. In this short series of three patients, one had volvulus which was due to ligamentous laxity and mobile spleen, second had congenital postero-lateral diaphragmatic defect and the third had hiatus hernia.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spina bifida clinic--organisational aspects.

Spina bifida is a complicated problem which affects many systems and demands multidisciplinary attention. The psychosocial aspects of a condition like spina bifida also need to be carefully handled. The ultimate goal is prevention, requiring co-ordinated efforts to establish antenatal diagnosis and screening tests for this anomaly. In our country, the task of solving the difficulties faced by these children at home and in school also falls on our shoulders. All the above responsibilities can only be undertaken if a group of doctors, nurses, social workers, administrators and philanthropists are dedicated to the care and well being of these children. A special clinic helps to create and maintain such a group in order to provide for all, the varied medicosocial needs of a spina bifida patient under one roof.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗