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Biomedical subjects

S J Reddy

Publications and source records attributed to S J Reddy.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

Elemental concentrations in medicinally important leafy materials.

Concentrations of elements, especially of trace elements toxic as well as non-toxic in biological materials show a high degree of biological, seasonal and spatial variability. These factors should be taken care of while sampling. Samples, even though collected at a great distance of time and space, should be representative and quantitatively comparable which is important for biomonitoring. Reference Materials (RM's) from biological materials such as leaves acquire importance in Analytical Quality Assurance work. A knowledge of element concentrations in highly consumed leafy samples is of interest. A large number of medicinally important leafy samples (50) have been analysed for elemental concentrations such as Zn, Cu, Ni, Co, Pb, As, Se, K, Cr, Na, P, S, Fe, Ca Mg, Mn and Fe. The concentrations of macro nutrients such as Ca, P, Mg, K, Fe and S range from 9.62 to 4174, 1.00-8.630, 3.53-35.50, 12.04-56.28, 0.111-3.845 g/kg and 1.124-5.843 mg/kg, of micro nutrients such as Cr, Co, Cu, Mn, Na and Zn range from 0.360-8.630, 0.050-3.470, 17.60-57.30, 10.5-81.6, 1.47-27.10 and 10.06-145.6 mg/kg whereas those of trace metals such as Pb, Cd, Ni, As and Se range from 1.19-16.30, 0.0036-0.453, 1.23-19.60, 0.12-7.360 and 0.654-3.50 mg/kg respectively. Influence of sampling parameters such as season and spatial variations has been assessed and the results are interpreted. Spatial variation and seasonal variation are observed to be statistically significant for Cu, Zn and Mn. Preparation of Secondary Reference Materials (SRM's) from the samples analysed is explored. Nutritive values of the leaves and intercorrelation between the metals are also discussed.

Elements↗
PubMed1993

Reference materials and environmental specimen banking.

The preservation and protection of the environment has become a major challenge of our times since this has to be compatible with the ecological needs. The concept of Environmental Specimen Banking (ESB) acquires importance in providing the data base for deeper insight into ecochemical processes. Methodological development and preparation of reference materials (RMs) are also essential to such studies. Systematic efforts are to be made to acquire a good number of reference materials to be useful for analysis of toxic as well as essential components. Our experience has shown that it is possible to procure worthy and scientifically valuable specimens from soils and leafy food substances. Exploring preparation of suitable specimens from a country such as India might be a worthy exercise since it is possible to obtain clean specimens in this part of the world. Analytical data for determination of some trace and major elements in prepared RMs are presented.

Environmental Monitoring↗
PubMed1992

Impact of chronic phosalone toxicity on Bohr factor and oxygen equilibrium curves of rat.

The multiple sublethal doses of phosalone induced changes in haemodynamics, maximum absorption spectra, oxygen equilibrium curves (OEC), half saturation tension (P50), degree of interaction (n), pH of blood, Bohr factor and circulatory gases of blood in rat, Rattus norvegicus. The results have obviously shown that increase the activation of pyridoxal phosphate, shift of OEC to right and decrease in the affinity of haemoglobin for oxygen at tissue level.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Effect of chronic insecticide, phosalone, toxicity on haem synthesis and blood gas composition in the rat.

The influence of multiple sublethal concentrations of phosalone on whole animal and kidney oxygen consumption, haem synthesis and blood gases of rat, were carried out over a 90 day dosed period. The results indicate the existence of hypoventilation and a hypoxic condition in the animals which lead to the disruption of neuromuscular transmission in respiratory muscles and increase of erythropoiesis and haemoglobin synthesis. The changes were most pronounced when animals were exposed for the 90 day dosed period.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Impact of chronic phosalone toxicity on erythropoietic activity of fish, Oreochromis mossambicus.

Effect of multiple sublethal concentrations of Phosalone on whole animal and kidney oxygen consumption, haematological indices and serum enzymes of freshwater fish, Oreochromis mossambicus, were carried out over a 90 day exposure period. Significant changes were observed which have been indicating that the presence of hypoxic condition in the biosystem, gradual increase in the rate of synthesis of haemoglobin and disruption of liver function during the toxicity of phosalone.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of breast lumps and its histopathological correlation.

Lumps in breast may be due to benign or malignant lesions. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology is a quick, simple and inexpensive procedure in diagnosis of these lesions. This helps the clinician in planning the correct surgical or medical treatment. Two hundred and twenty two fine needle aspirations were done on breast lesions. There were 205 satisfactory smears out of which 144 were benign lesions, 61 malignant lesions. Seventeen were unsatisfactory smears. Histopathology correlation was done in 126 benign lesions, 44 malignant lesions and 12 unsatisfactory smears. The cytological correlation for benign and malignant lesions was 91.09% and 91.6%, respectively. There were false negatives which were due to extensive necrosis or due to scanty aspirate. There were no false positives in this study.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Effect of gamma irradiation on nutritional value of dry field beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) for chicks.

The effect of gamma irradiation (60Co) of different varieties and breeding lines of dry field beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) on chick growth was determined using a chick growth assay in which the diet contained approximately 50% beans. Total protein (N X 6.25) in beans was not changed appreciably by irradiation (21 Mrad) but protein solubility in water was decreased. Irradiation increased in vitro enzymatic digestibility of bean protein by pepsin and by a mixture of trypsin, chymotrypsin and peptidase. In the bioassay the diet was formulated to derive half of the total protein (22.6%) from beans. Autoclaved Pinto and Pink beans gave significantly better growth than Red Mexican and White Pea beans. The differences between Red Mexican and White Pea beans were not significant except for Red Mexican breeding line number RS-59. The nutritional value of all varieties of beans, based on chick growth, was significantly improved by gamma irradiation. The irradiation treatment of beans tended to increase nitrogen retention by chicks and decrease uric acid nitrogen excretion in relation to nitrogen intake.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1976

Effects of different cereal grains in diets for laying hens on production parameters and liver fat content.

Two experiments were conducted with White Leghorn laying hens to study the effects of different cereal grains on production criteria and liver fat content. The results of Experiment 1, in which pullets 21 weeks of age were used for a period of 22 weeks indicated that Gaines wheat or triticale (Trailblazer) were equal to corn in supporting egg production, egg weight and body weight, with comparable feed consumption. Henry wheat(a hard red winter class) was slightly, yet significantly (P less than 0.05) inferior to corn for the above criteria. No significant differences were observed among four treatments in wet liver weight and liver fat content. Hens fed the corn diet had significantly (P less than 0.05) lower carcass fat followed by the hens fed triticale in comparison with those fed Gaines or Henyry wheat. Mortality was very low and not related to dietary treatments. Neither dietary fat nor energy content was related to fat content of liver and carcass of the hens. Body weight and liver fat content were not closely related to each other. Wet liver weight was the only significantly (P less than 0.05) related factor to liver fat content. In the second experiment, in which hens 33 weeks of age were used for an experimental period of 20 weeks, opaque-2 corn was slightly superior to normal corn and triticale was comparable to normal corn in supporting egg production and egg weight. Supplementation of the diets containing the two corns and triticale with lysine failed to improve egg production and egg weight. Hens fed the diets containing either normal corn or opaque-2 corn as the only grain in the diet had significantly (P less than 0.05) higher liver fat content in comparison with hens fed the diet containing triticale as the only grain. Mortality, however, was much higher among hens fed triticale-containing diets in comparison with groups fed corn-containing diets in spite of the fact that they had significantly lower liver fat content. Regardless of dietary treatments or grains used, the hens that died were diagnosed to have fatty liver hemorrhagic syndrome. Dietary fat content was postively and significantly (P less than 0.05) related to liver fat content. Dietary energy or body weight was not closely related to liver content. Liver fat content and mortality were negatively related to each other. The higher for content did not adversely affect laying performance.

Animal Feed↗