PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S J Staller

Publications and source records attributed to S J Staller.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1991

Consonant production in children receiving a multichannel cochlear implant.

Consonant production was investigated in 29 children participating in the federal Food and Drug Administration's clinical trials of the Nucleus WSP-III cochlear implant. Speech samples were collected preimplant and 1 year postimplant. A significantly greater number of children produced stop, nasal, fricative, and glide consonants postimplant. Voiced stop consonants were used by more children than the voiceless cognates; however, voiceless fricatives were used more than voiced fricatives. Visible places of articulation were used more frequently than less visible places of articulation. Comparisons to Smith's data (J Speech Hear Res 1975;18:795-811) revealed qualitative similarities but postimplant, quantitative differences were observed. Post hoc analyses of the data revealed some sounds were influenced more by an implant than other sounds and suggest the role of an implant upon spontaneous speech is complex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Pediatric performance with the Nucleus 22-channel cochlear implant system.

Results from 80 pediatric subjects with 12 months of experience wearing the Nucleus multichannel cochlear implant are presented. The data suggest that children demonstrate statistically and clinically significant benefit across a broad spectrum of abilities with the implant. Significant postoperative improvement was demonstrated by 66 percent (51 of 77), 63 percent (45 of 72), and 46 percent (27 of 59) of subjects tested on suprasegmental (prosodic), closed-set and open-set tests, respectively. Forty-nine percent of subjects tested improved when lipreading was combined with sound from the implant, compared with lipreading alone. Children who were deaf at an early age or who had longer duration deafness tended to demonstrate poorer performance on the more difficult perceptual tasks after 12 months of implant experience. However, preliminary evidence suggests that continued improvements by congenital and prelinguistic subjects over longer periods of time may reduce performance differences between subjects with early and later onset deafness.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Speech production performance in children with multichannel cochlear implants.

The purpose of this study is to report on five speech production protocols collected as part of the Food and Drug Administration's Clinical Trials for the Nucleus multichannel cochlear implant. Sixty-one children, ranging in age from 2.4 years to 17.8 years, participated. Speech measures included nonsegmental and segmental portions of the Phonetic Level Speech Evaluation, the Phonologic Level Speech Evaluation, speech intelligibility, and an experimental condition examining speech produced with the device turned on versus off. Seventy-seven percent of the children improved on at least one-third of the speech production measures. Significant improvements in the ability to imitate prosodic characteristics were observed for 31.1 percent of the children. Improvements in the ability to imitate speech sounds were found for 66.7 percent of the children. Examination of phonologic skills acquired during spontaneous speaking improved for 55.6 percent of the children. Speech intelligibility improved in 62.9 percent of the children after implantation. More centralized second formant frequencies were observed in vowels produced with the speech processor turned off, as opposed to on, in all 13 of the children tested on this protocol. Data from this study suggest a multichannel cochlear implant may assist many children in developing better speech.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Perceptual and production abilities in profoundly deaf children with multichannel cochlear implants.

A total of 218 children have been implanted to date with the Nucleus multichannel cochlear implant. All children have stimulated and there have been only 6 complications that required subsequent surgical intervention. After 12 months of experience with the device, significant improvements in auditory-alone speech perception were demonstrated by 66 percent of subjects tested on prosodic and closed-set measures and by 46 percent of subjects tested for open-set word recognition.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Clinical evaluation of a new ECoG recording electrode.

Noninvasive, extratympanic electrocochleography (ECoG) was performed on 13 normal-hearing subjects with three different types of ECoG electrodes. Two of these electrodes, the Life-Tech and Axonics-3M designs are commercially available, and widely used clinically. The third electrode, the TM electrode, is a newly designed system intended to be placed directly onto the tympanic membrane. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical performance of these different electrodes with particular attention to response amplitudes, response variability, and practical ease of use. The results indicate that the TM electrode provides improved ECoG response amplitudes while minimizing clinical preparation time.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMed1986

Pediatric vestibular evaluation with harmonic acceleration.

A group of 101 otologically normal infants and children were evaluated with low-frequency harmonic acceleration (HA) to determine the feasibility of use of this procedure in evaluation of vestibular function in a pediatric population. Ninety-six of the subjects were successfully tested and normative data are presented. A maturational trend was noted (in the presence of nystagmus) in subjects up to 10 months of age and in the phase-lag measurement up to approximately 4 years of age.

Age Factors↗