PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S J Ward

Publications and source records attributed to S J Ward.

101 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Pharmacological profiles of beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) and beta-chlornaltrexamine (beta-CNA) on the mouse vas deferens preparation.

The profiles of action of beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA) and beta-chlornaltrexamine (beta-CNA) have been assessed in the mouse vas deferens preparation. beta-FNA, but not beta-CNA, demonstrated a reversible agonist action that appeared to be mediated via kappa-receptor interaction. beta-CNA produced an irreversible antagonism of mu-, kappa- and delta-mediated agonist actions, whereas beta-FNA irreversibly antagonized mu-mediated agonist effects only. This selective action of beta-FNA could also be seen following administration in vivo. beta-CNA and particularly beta-FNA should prove valuable in the elucidation of multiple opioid receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Pharmacological characterization in vivo of the novel opiate, beta-funaltrexamine.

The profile of action of beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA), the fumaramate methyl ester derivative of naltrexone, on antinociceptive tests in vivo was investigated. Beta-FNA demonstrated antinociceptive actions that were of short duration and that appeared to be mediated by kappa receptor interaction. In contrast, the antagonist actions of beta-FNA were of remarkably long duration and were selective toward nu agonist interactions. This profile of action is consistent with the profile of action of beta-FNA in vitro. The selective long-lasting antagonism of mu-mediated effects by beta-FNA may be of great value in the elucidation of multiple opioid receptor function.

Acetates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relative involvement of receptor subtypes in opioid-induced inhibition of intestinal motility in mice.

The effects of opioids on intestinal transit of a charcoal meal were assessed in mice. Morphine (s.c. or i.c.v.) produced a fulldose-response curve and DADLE (s.c. or i.c.v.) produced a dose-response curve with a reduced maximum effect. The highly selective, non-equilibrium mu antagonist, beta-funaltrexamine (beta-FNA), antagonized these effects. Nalorphine (s.c.) induced a maximal 42% inhibition of charcoal meal transit that was not antagonized by beta-FNA. Ethylketazocine (s.c.) produced a full dose-response curve, the higher doses of which were antagonized by beta-FNA. Nalorphine and ethylketazocine had no effect upon charcoal meal transit when given i.c.v.. Tolerance to morphine (s.c.) and to higher doses of ethylketazocine (s.c.) was seen in animals pretreated with a morphine pellet. These data suggest that inhibition of charcoal meal transit in mice can be mediated by a central and a peripheral mu-mediated mechanism and that a peripheral k component may also produce a limited inhibition of intestinal motility. Moreover, since a s.c. dose of beta-FNA produced a 10-and 2-fold shift in the ED50 for morphine given s.c. and i.c.v., respectively, yet an i.c.v. dose of beta-FNA produced a 6- and 200-fold shift in the ED50 for morphine given s.c. and i.c.v., respectively, the effects of a s.c. dose of morphine appear to be mediated predominantly by a peripheral, rather than a central, opioid action.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ovarian activity and fertility during the first breeding season of Friesland ewe lambs.

The onset and duration of ovarian activity was assessed in 19 March-born, pure bred Friesland ewe lambs. Blood samples were collected for progesterone assay from 6 August-27 March when the lambs were 5-12 months of age. From 23 January a harnessed vasectomised ram was introduced. Colour marks on the rumps were taken as presumptive evidence of oestrus. During 1-25 March the vasectomised ram was replaced by a harnessed entire ram in order to assess fertility. The mean onset of the first normal luteal cycle, when progesterone levels exceeded 2 ng/ml-1 for two consecutive plasma samples, was on 7 October. The mean age and weight at this time were 29.9 +/- 2.73 weeks and 36.71 +/- 1.39 kg respectively. One ewe lamb became pregnant and lambed on 27 July. The mean date for cessation of ovarian activity (n = 18) was 1 March and the mean number of normal cycles monitored was 8.8 +/- 0.38. Few short luteal cycles were recorded (7/18 lambs) when only transient increases in progesterone levels were detected. The average duration of the breeding season was 142.6 +/- 4.95 days. It is concluded that pure bred Friesland ewe lambs, born during March, will reach puberty around 30 weeks of age and continue regular cyclic activity for approximately 5 months. Entire rams should be joined during January or February to ensure successful matings for lambing and milk production in late summer/early autumn.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The development of a community breast center.

Maximum capacity for mammography has been reached at Kaweah Delta Health Care District Imaging Center. Increased need and support in the community for access to care was a driving force in development of a Breast Center. What follows is a case study of implementing a Breast Center in a semi-rural community in Central California, which involves a collaborative effort between Cancer Program and Imaging Services.

Breast Neoplasms↗