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Biomedical subjects

S Jani

Publications and source records attributed to S Jani.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Interstitial brachytherapy versus cytoreductive surgery in recurrent malignant glioma.

In selected patients with recurrent malignant glioma, interstitial brachytherapy has been advocated as an effective method for tumor control and prolonged survival. We are presenting our results with brachytherapy in patients with recurrent glioma, and comparing this technique with cytoreductive surgery. Twenty patients (9 male, 11 female) underwent stereotactic 125I implantation for recurrent malignant glioma (9 grade III, 11 grade IV). The average age was 43 years and the average Karnofsky score was 76. All patients had received radiation therapy following their initial surgical procedure and 17 received chemotherapy. The median interval from initial procedure to implantation was 70.5 weeks. The median survival following implantation was 24 weeks and total median survival for the group was 94.5 weeks. This group was compared to a contemporary series of 22 patients (16 male, 6 female) who underwent cytoreductive surgery for malignant glioma (10 grade III, 12 grade IV). The average age was 44 years and the average Karnofsky score was 76. All patients received radiation therapy following their initial procedure and 20 patients also received chemotherapy. The median interval from initial procedure to second procedure was 35.5 weeks, and from the second procedure to death was 28 weeks. The median survival for the group was 63.5 weeks. The interval from the first procedure to the second procedure was statistically significant comparing the implant group (median 70.5 weeks) versus the cytoreductive surgery group (median 35.5 weeks; p = 0.04). No significant difference could be demonstrated between the interval from second procedure to death in the implant group (median 24 weeks) versus cytoreductive surgery group (median 28 weeks; p = 0.45).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Convergent validation of the Illness Effects Questionnaire.

The Illness Effects Questionnaire, Illness Behavior Questionnaire, and visual analog scales of mood were given to 100 adults with nonmalignant headaches. Using regression analysis, scores on IBQ Disease Conviction, IBQ Irritability, and depression accounted for 50.6% of the variance in predicting IEQ scores. Scores on the Illness Effects Questionnaire correlated with the Illness Behavior Questionnaire subscales of General Hypochondriasis (.33), Disease Conviction (.60), Affective Disturbance (.49), and Irritability (.40), and also with rated depression (.38) and anxiety (.26).

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of wear in composite material orthopaedic implants. Part I: The composite trunnion/ceramic head interface.

Carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (C/PEEK) composite materials are being investigated as an alternative to metal in the femoral component of a total hip arthroplasty. Wear is among the issues that must be addressed before introducing a new orthopaedic implant material. This study examines the generation of wear debris when zirconia femoral heads are mechanically attached to C/PEEK trunnions and loaded under simulated physiological conditions. Mechanical testing was performed on a trunnion/head assembly loaded from 445 to 4450N at an angle of 39 degrees to the long axis of the trunnion. The trunnions were tested at a frequency of 20 Hz for 10 million cycles. After completion of the fatigue test, solution from the test assembly was characterized by laser scattering and by SEM image analysis to determine the size, shape, total number, and identify of the particles. In addition, the peak load to pull the head from the trunnion was measured. The total number of particles generated during the test was in the range of 10(5) as indicated by both laser scattering and (SEM) image analysis. Both carbon fiber and PEEK particles were found in an average proportion of about 1:13, respectively. The carbon fiber particle size average was 153 microns and the PEEK particle size average was 2.2 microns. The zirconia heads remained well attached to the C/PEEK trunnions as indicated by a mean peak distraction force of 1942 +/- 116N.

Benzophenones↗
PubMed1992

Brachytherapy for malignant recurrent and untreated gliomas.

Twelve consecutive patients with recurrent malignant glioma were treated with brachytherapy. Thereafter, a prospective randomized study involving 35 patients was undertaken. Although additional study is necessary, preliminary recommendation calls for treatment at diagnosis rather than at recurrence.

Astrocytoma↗
PubMed1992

Munchausen syndrome by proxy.

This study examined the indicators of possible presence of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP) in pediatric inpatients discharged against-medical-advice (AMA), in cases transferred to another hospital, and in regular discharges. In a two-year period, there were fourteen AMA discharges and twenty-four transfer cases. These were compared to a randomly selected sample of forty-one regular discharges occurring during the same time period, matched for age, sex and pediatric service. The records were scored for the presence or absence of six MSBP characteristics, which had been developed from a review of MSBP literature. The findings indicated a suspicion for MSBP in 64 percent of the AMA cases, 8 percent of the transfer cases, and none in regular discharges. The findings suggest that AMA discharges need to be examined for the possible presence of MSBP.

Depressive Disorder↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Initial studies with gamma radiotherpay to inhibit coronary restenosis.

BACKGROUND: Early studies indicate brachytherapy is a potential clinical treamtent for restenosis after coronary angioplasty procedures. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of gamma radiation plus stenting in patients' previous restenosis. METHODS: In patients with previous coronary restenosis, balloon dilatation and/or coronary stenting was undertaken and then patients were randomly assigned to receive either Iridium-192 or placebo. Quantitative coronary angiographic, intravascular ultrasonographic, and clinical follow-up was obtained. RESULTS: Of the 55 patients enrolled, 26 were treated with Iridium-192 and 29 were in the placebo group. Late luminal loss was significantly lower in the treated group compared to the placebo group (0.38 +/- 1.06 mm vs. 1.03 +/- 0.97 mm, p = 0.03). Restenosis (stenosis of > or = 50% at follow-up) was found in 17% of treated patients compared to 54% of placebo patients (p = 0.01). The need for target lesion revascularization was observed in 12% of patients in the treated group compared to 45% in the placebo group (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: In this initial trial, at 12 months follow-up, patients with previous restenosis were benefited by catheter-based gamma radiation therapy.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary↗