Biomedical subjects

S Jinnouchi

Publications and source records attributed to S Jinnouchi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1996

Technetium-99m-sestamibi scintigraphy compared with thallium-201 in evaluation of thyroid tumors.

UNLABELLED: Technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (MIBI) is a myocardial perfusion imaging agent that has been reported to effectively localize in various tumors (e.g., lung and thyroid carcinomas and osteogenic sarcoma). To determine its usefulness in thyroid tumors, we compared 99mTc-MIBI with 201TI imaging. METHOD: We evaluated 25 patients with thyroid tumors (papillary carcinoma in 11, follicular carcinoma in 2, follicular adenoma in 7, adenomatous goiter in 5). Fifteen metastatic lesions from differentiated thyroid carcinomas were also evaluated. Early (10 min after injection) and delayed images (120 min after injection) were obtained for both 99mTc-MIBI and 201TI scintigraphy. RESULTS: The early images showed very similar findings for both 99mTc-MIBI and 201TI. However, the delayed images showed that malignant tumors tended to retain more tracer agent than benign nodules. Marked retention was in 61.5% (8 of 13) of 201TI images and 53.8% (7 of 13) of 99mTc-MIBI images. For metastatic lesions from thyroid carcinomas, the findings for 99mTc-MIBI imaging were nearly identical to those for 201TI imaging. A slight difference in clarity was seen that may have been due to the effect of the 99mTc. CONCLUSION: Although 99mTc-MIBI scintigraphy does not have particularly good results in differentiating malignant from benign thyroid tumors, it may be useful in evaluating metastases or predicting recurrence because of its better imaging characteristics.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗

PubMed1996

Susceptibility-weighted MR for evaluation of vasodilatory capacity with acetazolamide challenge.

PURPOSE: To investigate cerebral vasodilatory capacity by acetazolamide challenge in healthy subjects and in patients with chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease by using susceptibility-weighted gradient-echo MR imaging. METHODS: Eight patients with chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease and four healthy volunteers were studied with susceptibility-weighted MR imaging before and after intravenous administration of 1000 mg of acetazolamide. Signal intensities were measured as a function of time in several regions of interest defined on anatomic images. In all patients with chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease, acetazolamide challenge and resting regional cerebral blood flow were also evaluated with single-photon emission CT (SPECT). RESULTS: In healthy volunteers, signal intensities began to increase 3 to 4 minutes after acetazolamide administration, with a continuous increase during the subsequent 10 minutes. The effect lasted for approximately 45 minutes after administration. In patients with chronic occlusive cerebrovascular disease, signal changes on susceptibility-weighted MR images of occluded areas with normal vasodilatory capacity on SPECT images did not differ from signal changes of nonocclusive areas. In those patients with changes that reflected diminished vasodilatory capacity, the MR images showed a lower percentage of signal changes after acetazolamide administration than those in normally perfused areas. CONCLUSION: Susceptibility-weighted MR imaging offers an alternative method for estimating vasodilatory capacity.

Acetazolamide↗

PubMed1996

[Reye syndrome evaluated by 99mTc-ECD SPECT: a case report].

We report a three-year-old boy with Reye syndrome evaluated by 99mTc-ECD SPECT. On acute stage, 99mTc-ECD brain SPECT disclosed diffuse high uptake in the cerebral cortex in spite of normal findings on brain X-ray CT. These lesions changed to general low uptake on the chronic state and multiple high intensity areas were shown on T2 weighted MRI image. Such a change of cerebral tracer uptake was considered to reflect the neuropathological change of Reye syndrome. 99mTc-ECD SPECT was a useful modality to diagnose Reye syndrome complementary.

Brain↗

PubMed1996

[Normal distribution of CBF with advancing age measured by HMPAO SPECT].

SPECT with Tc-99m HMPAO was used to determine global and regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in 52 healthy subjects ranging from 2 to 85 years old. These subjects were divided into six groups according to age. SPECT images were obtained using a three-headed gamma camera system equipped with low-energy ultra-high-resolution fan beam collimators (LEUHR-FAN). Absolute CBF values were estimated in 21 of 52 subjects using a Patlak plot technique. The SPECT images were obtained 5-10 minutes after the injection of 740MBq of Tc-99m HMPAO. A supercomputer system was used to reconstruct transverse section images at levels of 8, 32, 44 and 67 mm above the orbitomeatal line (2.7 mm thickness), and oblique transverse section images parallel to the temporal lobe (1.56 mm thickness). Lassen's linearization correction was applied. The average counts of four or five ROIs in eight regions were calculated. The cerebral to cerebellar activity ratio (C/C ratio) was estimated by dividing counts in the cerebral regions by those in the cerebellum. The interhemispheric differences in C/C ratios in the eight regions of all the groups were not significant. In elderly subjects there was a tendency for C/C ratios to decrease except in the thalamus and basal ganglia. Mean global CBF in 21 of 52 subjects was 49.3 +/- 10 ml/100g/min. A significant negative correlation was found between global CBF and advancing age (p < 0.05), particularly in males (p < 0.01).

Adolescent↗

PubMed1996

[The quantitative regional cerebral blood flow measurement with autoradiography method using 123I-IMP SPECT: evaluation of arterialized venous blood sampling as a substitute for arterial blood sampling].

The purpose of this study is validation of calibrating a standard input function in autoradiography (ARG) method by one point venous blood sampling as a substitute for that by one point arterial blood sampling. Ten and 20 minutes after intravenous constant infusion of 123I-IMP, arterialized venous blood sampling from a dorsal vein were performed on 15 patients having ischemic cerebrovascular disease. And arterial blood sampling from radial artery was performed 10 min after 123I-IMP infusion. The mean difference rates of integrated input function between calibrated standard input function by arterial blood sampling at 10 min and that by venous blood sampling were 4.1 +/- 3% and 9.3 +/- 5.4% at 10 and 20 min after 123I-IMP infusion, respectively. The ratio of venous blood radioactivity to arterial blood radioactivity at 10 min after 123I-IMP infusion was 0.96 +/- 0.02. There was an excellent correlation between ARG method CBF values obtained by arterial blood sampling at 10 min and those obtained by arterialized venous blood sampling at 10 min. In conclusion, a substitution by arterialized venous blood sampling from dorsal hand vein for artery can be possible. The optimized time for arterialized venous blood sampling was 10 min after 123I-IMP infusion.

Aged↗

PubMed1996

[A case of transient tic disorder with abnormal findings on 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT].

We report a case of transient tic disorder with abnormal findings on 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT. The patient was 5-year-old girl with vocal and motor tic. There was no evidence of structural abnormality on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Electroencephalogram (EEG) showed spikes and sharp waves on both frontal lobes and parietal lobes (left-side dominant). 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT demonstrated focal regions of hyperperfusion in the both frontal lobes, both parietal lobes and right temporal lobe corresponding to the abnormal findings detected by EEG. It also demonstrated an area of hyperperfusion in the right basal ganglia. It is suggested that 99mTc-HMPAO SPECT is useful for the diagnosis and the understanding of the clinical state of tic disorder.

Brain↗

PubMed1995

Clinical significance of technetium-99m methylene diphosphonate myocardial uptake: association with carcinoma of the prostate.

Benign myocardial uptake of technetium-99m labelled phosphates, not related to cardiac or metabolic disorders, has been documented except in the case of 99mTc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP). The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of myocardial uptake and its possible association with malignant tumours in general and prostatic carcinoma in particular. We reviewed bone scintigrams performed with either 99mTc-hydroxydiphosphonate (HDP) or 99mTc-MDP over a period of more than 2 years for all patients with prostatic carcinoma and a matching group of patients suffering from other malignant and non-malignant disorders. A total of 965 scintigrams of 812 patients (males = 559, females = 253; age range 50-91 years, average age 69.2 years) were reviewed. Increased myocardial uptake was detected in 19 scintigrams (MDP = 13, HDP = 6) of 18 patients (17 males, one female). Most of the male patients with increased myocardial uptake had prostatic carcinoma (13/17) and were over 80 years of age (12/17). All patients were free of any cardiac or noncardiac disorder that might account for such uptake. When scintigraphy was repeated in the same patient, the uptake of 99mTc-HDP was more diffuse and of higher grade than that of 99mTc-MDP. "Benign" myocardial uptake of 99mTc-MDP is more common than previously thought. Although uptake of radiophosphates is attributed to asymptomatic atherosclerotic changes associated with old age, a strong association with prostatic carcinoma exists which may indicate variations in the bone: soft tissue affinity of different MDP complexes.

Aged↗

PubMed1995

A comparative study of 123I-IMP SPET and CT in the investigation of chronic-stage head trauma patients.

The aims of this study were (1) to compare N-isopropyl-p-[I-123]-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) SPET with computed tomography (CT) in chronic-stage head trauma patients with neurological abnormalities and (2) to quantify regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in patients with chronic-stage head trauma. 123I-IMP SPET and CT were performed in 23 patients with chronic-stage head trauma and 12 normal controls. Both types of imaging were evaluated visually. In addition for the SPET images, the rCBF in 12 regions (bilateral frontal cortex, temporal cortex, parietal cortex, occipital cortex, perilolandic area, cerebellum: total 276 regions) was analysed quantitatively using a reference sampling method. In total, 39 focal lesions related to neurological abnormalities were detected. Although 22 (56.4%) lesions were observed using both CT and SPET, another 17 (43.6%) were detected by SPET only. The mean rCBF in the localized lesions of each lobe, which correspond to low-density areas (LDAs), were lower on CT than those of each lobe seen only on SPET. These rCBF values were lower than the mean rCBF values in the lobes of the controls. The mean rCBF values in each lobe with visually normal tracer uptakes were also significantly lower in the 23 patients than in the controls. 123I-IMP SPET is useful for demonstrating brain dysfunction in morphologically intact brain regions and for providing objective evidence to account for the clinical presentation of patients presenting with chronic traumatic brain injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗

PubMed1995

Graves ophthalmopathy: MR evaluation of 10-Gy versus 24-Gy irradiation combined with systemic corticosteroids.

PURPOSE: To establish the most effective radiation dose for treatment of Graves ophthalmopathy (GO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A combination of 10 Gy (n = 15) or 24 Gy (n = 16) of radiation and corticosteroids was used to treat 31 patients with GO. Magnetic resonance (MR) images obtained before treatment showed swollen extraocular muscles with prolonged T2 relaxation times in all patients. RESULTS: Before therapy, T2 relaxation time of extraocular muscle was 79.6 msec (95% confidence interval, 76.3, 82.9) in the 24-Gy group and 77.4 msec (95% confidence interval, 74.6, 80.1) in the 10-Gy group (P = .32). After therapy, T2 relaxation time was 62.8 msec (95% confidence interval, 61.2, 64.4) in the 24-Gy group and 68.9 msec (95% confidence interval, 66.8, 71.1) in the 10-Gy group. In the 24-Gy group, there was a significant decrease in T2 relaxation times (P = .001) and clinical response to initial treatment was better. At 1- and 3-month follow-up, the resistance rate was lower in the 24-Gy group. CONCLUSION: In treatment of GO, 24 Gy of radiation is a more effective dose than 10 Gy when combined with systemic corticosteroids.

Conjunctival Diseases↗

PubMed1995

High-resolution SPECT to assess hippocampal perfusion in neuropsychiatric diseases.

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study is to clarify the changes of hippocampal perfusion in neuropsychiatric diseases, including dementia, compared with control subjects, and to correlate hippocampal perfusion with the dementia rating scale and the severity of memory disturbance in patients with these diseases. METHODS: A total of 45 right-handed patients were investigated (13 with dementia of Alzheimer type, 6 with multi-infarct dementia, 4 with progressive dementia with motor neuron disease (MND), 3 with transient global amnesia, 5 with other diseases and 14 control subjects). Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the parietal cortex and hippocampus was evaluated by high-resolution SPECT technique with HMPAO in all subjects. RESULTS: The rCBF measurements in the bilateral parietal cortices and hippocampus were lower in dementia of Alzheimer type and multi-infarct dementia patients than in controls. Hypoperfusion in the hippocampus was a more sensitive marker than hypoperfusion in the parietal cortex in diagnosing dementia of Alzheimer type. Hippocampal hypoperfusion was observed in demented patients regardless of etiology and in patients having memory disturbance without dementia, such as transient global amnesia. Finally, hippocampal hypoperfusion reflected the severity of dementia and memory disturbance regardless of etiology. CONCLUSION: The rCBF image with high-resolution SPECT system may be useful in assessing the extent of dementia and memory disturbance in patients with neuropsychiatric diseases.

Adult↗

PubMed1995

Crossed cerebellar diaschisis: analysis of iodine-123-IMP SPECT imaging.

UNLABELLED: The aim of this study was to review the etiology of CCD and study factors that affect the development and manifestation of CCD. METHODS: Three hundred and eleven patients with supratentorial lesions were evaluated for the presence of CCD with SPECT and 123I-IMP. In representative cases, continuous arterial blood sampling was done and rCBF was calculated using Kuhl's method. RESULTS: IMP-SPECT detected an abnormality in 206 patients, of whom 30 had CCD. Of CCD patients, 27 had more than single lobe involvement, 17 had motor impairment, 8 of 11 had rCBF of less than 29.1 +/- 10.9 ml/100 g/min. There was also a significant difference in rCBF between non-CCD and CCD cases. CONCLUSION: Although CCD can also occur with dementia (mixed or vascular type), it is more common with multilobar lesions. It is also associated with the presence of motor impairment but not related to its severity. It is more likely to develop, however, if rCBF is less than 29.1 +/- 10.9 ml/100 g/min regardless of etiology.

Amphetamines↗

PubMed1994

Cardiac involvement of progressive muscular dystrophy (Becker type, Limb-girdle type and Fukuyama type) evaluated by radionuclide method.

Tl-201 SPECT and Tc-99m-Human serum albumin (HSA) multigated radionuclide ventriculography were performed on 11 patients with progressive muscular dystrophy (Becker type 2, Fukuyama type 2, Limb-girdle type 7) to evaluate myocardial involvement. Hypoperfusion was detected in 8 patients on Tl-201 SPECT. Decreases in both systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEF) and diastolic function (peak filling rate; PFR) were also seen in these patients. A high incidence of myocardial involvement of these kinds of progressive muscular dystrophy was suggested.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1994

Bone scintigraphy as a prognostic factor in patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma.

Bone scintigraphy in 26 patients with adult T-cell leukemia-lymphoma (ATLL) was evaluated. Abnormally high accumulations were observed in 7 of 26 patients (skull, 5; vertebra, 1; rib, 6; bony pelvis, 1; scapula, 2; lower extremities, 1). Serum calcium levels were significantly elevated in patients with abnormally high accumulations on bone scintigraphy. Survival rates of the patients with positive results on bone scintigraphy were significantly lower than were those with negative results on bone scintigraphy (P < 0.05). Survival rates of patients with high serum calcium levels, high WBC counts, and high serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were also significantly lower than were those of the negative groups, in this order of significance. Bone scintigraphy was useful for detecting bone marrow involvement in ATLL and it can be one of the better indicators of the prognoses of patients with ATLL.

Bone and Bones↗

PubMed1994

Regional cerebral blood flow in diabetic patients: evaluation by N-isopropyl-123I-IMP with SPECT.

Regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was measured using N-isopropyl-123I-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP) with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) in 27 patients with diabetes mellitus with an average age of 64.1 years and with an average fasting plasma glucose of 145 mg dl-1. Their data were compared with those of 12 non-diabetic subjects with an average age of 64.6 years. None had cerebral infarction on computed tomographic (CT) studies. There were no significant differences in the physiological or laboratory data between the diabetic and non-diabetic groups except for their fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c levels. A reference sampling method using continuous arterial blood sampling was employed to quantify the rCBF. The average rCBF in each region of the cerebrum and cerebellum was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in the non-diabetic group (P < 0.01). Although a definite cause was obscure, the rCBF of the diabetic patients was reduced even in the absence of findings indicative of cerebral infarction on a CT study.

Amphetamines↗

PubMed1994

Extraocular muscles in Graves ophthalmopathy: usefulness of T2 relaxation time measurements.

PURPOSE: To determine if T2 relaxation time measurements with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in patients with Graves ophthalmopathy (GO) can predict response to therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studied were 84 patients with GO, 27 with Graves disease without ophthalmopathy (GD), and 12 control subjects without Graves disease. T2 times of extraocular muscles and retrobulbar fat tissue were measured. Twenty-five patients with GO were treated with systemic corticosteroids and retroorbital radiation therapy. RESULTS: T2 relaxation times of muscles in patients with GD were the same as those in controls but were longer in patients with GO (P < .05). T2 times of fat in all patients were the same as those of the controls. The predicted probability of response to treatment increased with increased mean T2 relaxation times of extraocular muscles prior to therapy. Of the 25 patients with combined therapy, only those with particularly prolonged T2 relaxation times showed impressive response. CONCLUSIONS: T2 relaxation time measurements with MR allow noninvasive detection of acute muscle inflammation and predict which patients with GO will likely benefit from antiinflammatory therapy.

Adipose Tissue↗

PubMed1994

[123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in diabetic patients: association with autonomic neuropathy].

123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy was performed in 20 diabetic patients (NIDDM) and 8 control subjects to investigate the association between clinical autonomic nerve dysfunction and myocardial accumulation of MIBG. We used coefficient variance of R-R interval (CVR-R) as a index of the autonomic neuropathy and categorized diabetes into two groups (CVR-R > or = 2.0: non-autonomic neuropathy. CVR-R < 2.0: autonomic neuropathy). In planar imaging studies, heart to mediastinum MIBG uptake ratio (H/M) was calculated on both early and delayed images. The washout ratio of 123I-MIBG in the heart (%WR) was also obtained using myocardial tracer activity on the both images. Mean value of these indices in diabetic group did not reveal any significant difference with the value in the control group. On the SPECT images, low uptake was observed in the posterior-inferior wall with normal uptake of 201Tl in diabetic patients with non-autonomic neuropathy. These areas extended in patients with autonomic neuropathy. The mean value of count ratio of posterior-interior to anterior wall (posterior-inferior/anterior ratio: PI/A) in the diabetic autonomic neuropathy group was significantly higher than in the control group on the both early and delayed images. And the mean value of regional %WR in the posterior-inferior wall calculated by the both MIBG SPECT images was significantly higher in the non-autonomic neuropathy group than in the control group. In the diabetic patients, retention mechanism of 123I-MIBG was considered to be involved at an early stage without autonomic nerve dysfunction clinically. As autonomic neuropathy progressed severely, uptake mechanism was also supposed to be involved. Therefore, 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy was useful for early detection of cardiac sympathetic nervous dysfunction in diabetic patients.

3-Iodobenzylguanidine↗

PubMed1994

Cerebral blood flow study in patients with moyamoya disease evaluated by IMP SPECT.

UNLABELLED: We studied the usefulness of IMP SPECT with acetazolamide in 16 patients with moyamoya disease. Cerebral angiography was performed for all patients who were classified in three grades according to their angiographic stages. METHODS: Techniques used included ring-type emission computed tomography with a minicomputer system. Patients received 111 MBq of 123I-IMP and SPECT images were obtained 20 min postinjection. Nine patients were studied using iodoamphetamine (IMP) SPECT with and without acetazolamide. IMP SPECT with acetazolamide was performed 20 min after each injection of 1 g of acetazolamide. RESULTS: Low perfusion areas in the upper and lower frontal, parietal and temporal regions in grades 2 and 3 using IMP SPECT were observed. The mean cerebral-to-cerebellar activity ratios (C/C ratio) of six regions (upper and lower frontal, temporal, parietal occipital and basal ganglia) in grades 1, 2 and 3 were 0.96 to 1.06, 0.91 to 0.96 and 0.76 to 0.88, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) elucidates cerebral hemodynamic factors, including the reactivity of cerebral vessels which cannot be detected angiographically in patients with moyamoya disease, and that the acetazolamide test is useful for detecting cerebral blood flow reserve. The test can be used to detect disease progress prospectively.

Acetazolamide↗

PubMed1993

Time sequential single photon emission computed tomography studies in brain tumour using thallium-201.

Time sequential single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) studies using thallium-201 were performed in 25 patients with brain tumours to evaluate the kinetics of thallium in the tumour and the biological malignancy grade preoperatively. After acquisition and reconstruction of SPECT data from 1 min post injection to 48 h (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 15-20 min, followed by 4-6, 24 and 48 h), the thallium uptake ratio in the tumour versus the homologous contralateral area of the brain was calculated and compared with findings of X-ray CT, magnetic resonance imaging, cerebral angiography and histological investigations. Early uptake of thallium in tumours was related to tumour vascularity and the disruption of the blood-brain barrier. High and rapid uptake and slow reduction of thallium indicated a hypervascular malignant tumour; however, high and rapid uptake but rapid reduction of thallium indicated a hypervascular benign tumour, such as meningioma. Hypovascular and benign tumours tended to show low uptake and slow reduction of thallium. Long-lasting retention or uptake of thallium indicates tumour malignancy.

Brain↗