Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to S K Arora.
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The elucidation of puromycin structure represents the first case where both a nucleic acid and a protein fragment are found together in a crystal. The molecule displays an elongated conformation with the nucleoside and the p-methoxy-L-phenylalanine in the preferred conformation. The purine and the tyrosine rings form alternating stacks with interplanar spacings of 3.4 A. The inhibitory effect of this antiobiotic may be due, in part, to its unique conformation and the ability of the amide proton on N(3') to hydrogen bond to the active site of the ribosomal enzyme, peptide synthetase.
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The effects of the essential oils of onion and garlic have been investigated in cholesterol-fed rabbits and have been compared with the effects of clofibrate. The marked rise in serum cholesterol and blood coagulability that followed 3 months of cholesterol feeding (0.2 g/kg/day) was significantly reduced by the essential oils of both onion and garlic. Fibrinolytic activity was actually increased even above the normal control levels. The essential oils of onion and garlic (equivalent to 1 g/kg/day of raw bulbs) proved more effective than clofibrate in the usual clinical dose of 33 mg/kg/day. Garlic was even more effective than onion. Cholesterol feeding increased the average lipid content of aorta from 5.95 to 13.75 mg/100 mg dry weight. With addition of clofibrate, onion or garlic the values were 7.79, 6.23 and 5.28 mg/100 ml, respectively. Thus it can be seen that the essential oils effectively prevent lipid acculation in the rabbit oarta.
SUMMARY: The effect of garlic and onion on alimentary hyperlipemia, induced by feeding 100 g butter, has been studied in 10 healthy subjects. The freshly extracted juice of 50 g of garlic or onion, as well as an equivalent amount of their ether-extracted essential oils, was administered randomly on four different days during a one-week period. Garlic and onion have a significant protective action against fat-induced increases in serum cholesterol and plasma fibrinogen and decreases in coagulation time and fibrinolytic activity. The essential oil fraction, which contains all the taste and odour, exactly duplicated the beneficial effects of whole garlic and onion. It is, therefore, concluded that the active principle of garlic and onion is the essential oil, which chemically is a combination of sulphur-containing compounds, mainly allyl propyl disulphide and diallyl disulphide.
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INTRODUCTION: Cervical cancer is the commonest cancer among Indian women. High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection holds the potential to be used as a tool to identify women, at risk for subsequent development of cervical cancer. There is a pressing need for identifying prevalence of asymptomatic cervical HPV infection in the local population. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of high-risk HPV DNA in women with benign cervical cytology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Women visiting the gynecology outpatient with varied complaints were subjected to Pap smear. Four hundred and seventy two samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction, using consensus primers for low and high-risk HPV (types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33). The samples that were positive for HPV DNA were subsequently assessed for high-risk consensus primers, types 16, 18, 31 and 33 as well as for HPV type 16 and 18. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy four (36.8%) women tested positive for HPV DNA. Thirty nine (8.2%) of the entire cohort tested positive for high-risk HPV. Fifteen samples were positive for type 16, 22 for type 18 and two for both types 16 and 18. A statistically higher prevalence of high-risk HPV was observed in poorly educated and rural groups. No association of HPV prevalence was noted with age, parity and age at marriage. CONCLUSION: The study generates epidemiological data of prevalence of sub-clinical HPV in the women visiting a tertiary care institute as well as peripheral health centres. The data generated will be useful for laying guidelines for mass screening of HPV, treatment and prophylaxis in the local population.
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Pure neural leprosy developing in a 3 1/2 years old female child is reported.
One case having trophic ulcer over the heel which on histological examination showed malignant melanoma is reported because of malignant melanoma occurring over the trophic ulcer.
Two cases having trophic ulcer over the heel, for long time, later developed squamous cell carcinoma are reported, because of its paucity in literature. Various factors blamed for carcinomatous change are enumerated.
Eleven cases of borderline-borderline leprosy were subjected to levamisole therapy for 3 months. Levamisole was given 150 mg/day on three consecutive days every fortnight along with dapsone (DDS). Immuno-stimulation was assessed by lepromin test using Lepromin-A supplied by W.H.O. containing 4.0 X 10(7) bacilli per milli litre. It was found that there was statistically significant change in lepromin reaction after levamisole therapy.
Levamisole, the anthelmintic drug was tried in ENL (Erythema Nodosum Leprosum) cases using double blind control trial in dosage of 150 mg/day on three consecutive days for three months. It was found that levamisole was not effective in ENL cases and no severe side effect was seen in these cases.