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Biomedical subjects

S K Bhargava

Publications and source records attributed to S K Bhargava.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Acute osteomyelitis: early diagnosis by ultrasonography.

A prospective study was carried out to evaluate the role of ultrasound in early detection of infections of bone. Presence of a hypoechoic collection adjacent to bone was considered highly suggestive of osteomyelitis whereas a hypoechoic collection away from the bone implied a soft tissue abscess. Cellulitis presented as increased subcutaneous thickness. Of the 31 patients clinically suspected to have osteomyelitis, and subjected to ultrasound, 25 were proven to be osteomyelitis at surgery or by subsequent radiological changes, 4 had soft tissue abscesses and the remaining 2 had cellulitis. Co-existent hip joint effusion was seen in 2 patients. It is felt that ultrasound is simple and non-invasive investigation, capable of detecting bone and soft tissue infections.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Chest radiographs in neonatal septicemia.

Chest radiographs of 63 culture proven cases of neonatal septicemia were evaluated in this prospective study. Gram negative septicemia was responsible for 76.2% cases. Radiological abnormalities were observed in 27 cases (42.8%). Seven of these had no respiratory distress. The findings were right sided infiltrates (27%); hyperinflation (7.9%), bronchopneumonia (6.3%) and pneumothorax (1.6%). Increasing gestational age, late onset of illness (greater than 3 days) and presence of respiratory signs of distress had a positive correlation with presence of X-ray findings. Term newborns with respiratory distress of late onset sepsis (greater than 3 days) had significantly higher number (p less than 0.05) of abnormal radiographs. Presence of radiological abnormality neither influenced the clinical outcome nor was affected by the causative organisms. The practice of doing a chest radiograph routinely in cases of neonatal septicemia is justified irrespective of presence of respiratory signs of distress.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1992

Kerosene oil poisoning--a childhood menace.

This study documents 3-year retrospective analysis of accidental kerosene oil poisoning in 70 children with regard to clinical profile, radiological changes and outcome. About 77% of cases were between 1 and 3 years old. Fifty children (71.4%) developed significant symptoms, with onset soon after to within 10 hours of ingestion. These included breathlessness (55.7%), fever (47.1%), cough (31.4%), restlessness (25.7%) and abdominal distension (15.7%). Chest X-rays were obtained in 65 children. Abnormal radiographs were seen in 45 (69.2%) children with right basal infiltrates being the commonest picture (21.4%). Ingestion of more than one ounce of kerosene oil adversely affected the clinical and radiological profile. Severely malnourished children had extensive radiological changes and poorer clinical outcome. One case developed myocarditis, a complication which has not been reported to the best of our knowledge. Mortality rate was 4.3%. All deaths occurred within 48 hours of admission.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1991

An investigation of environmental impact on health of workers at retail petrol pumps.

Ninety-four male pump workers, employed in 41 petrol filling stations in Kanpur (formerly Cawnpore) and Lucknow--both in the Ganges plain of north India--were clinically examined. Headache, redness in eyes, lacrimation and signs like coated and/or furred tongue, throat and/or conjunctival congestion and carious teeth were significantly higher (P less than 0.05) in workers exposed to petrol fumes than in controls, as also was the level of phenol in urine (P less than 0.01). Environmental measurements revealed higher concentrations of benzene, sulphur dioxide and photoionizable dust in the air at petrol stations, and most of the symptoms and signs could be attributed to petrol fumes and other environmental pollution.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Reversible computerized tomographic lesion following childhood seizures.

Recently reversible computerized tomographic (CT) lesions following seizures have been reported, mostly in adult subjects. Focal CT lesions following seizures were recorded in 20 children. The distribution of the lesions was parietal in 17, frontal in two, occipital in one, and temporo-parietal in one. Multiple simultaneous lesions were observed in one child. Plain scan revealed evidence of cerebral oedema in 16 patients (mild 10, moderate four, and severe two). Enhanced scan showed a ring lesion in 12, hyperdense focus in five, and non-enhancing (hypodense) lesion in two children (excluding one child who had multiple lesions; three rings and one dense focus). These subjects were treated with anti-epileptic drugs only. Repeat CT scans yielded a complete resolution in 12 and a significant resolution in eight. It is concluded that in children with seizures, reversible CT demonstrable focal abnormalities may occur.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Relationship of maternal serum ferritin with foetal serum ferritin, birth weight and gestation.

Haemoglobin and ferritin estimations employing the micro-ELISA technique were done in 308 random selected mothers in labour and their newborns. The values of haemoglobin and serum ferritin as well as birth weight and gestation of babies born to iron depleted, and mildly and moderately anaemic mothers were no different from those of newborns of non-anaemic women. However, the values of serum ferritin per se in all these newborns were much lower than what are generally reported from the western countries. Babies born to severely anaemic women, on the other hand, showed elevated levels of haemoglobin and serum ferritin, and lower birth weights and gestation. Thus, mild to moderate iron deficiency in the mother does contribute to lower iron reserves in the foetus, if not frank iron depletion, and severe iron deficiency anaemia to lower birth weight and gestation.

Anemia, Hypochromic↗
PubMed1991

A possible role of caesium radiations in the control of propagation of hookworm.

Faeces charcoal mixtures containing eggs of sheep hookworm, Haemonchus contortus were exposed to caesium radiations (23 r to 1656 r) from 1st to 7th day of incubation. Each plate was exposed only once. A dose related inhibition of transformation of eggs to infective larvae was observed. The maximum effect was observed on 2nd day of incubation. The radiation has maximum effect on the 1st stage larvae followed by 2nd stage. The 3rd stage or ineffective larvae are relatively resistant to the effect of radiation.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Large retropharyngeal cold abscess in an adult with respiratory distress.

A rare case of an adult with a large retropharyngeal cold abscess completely obstructing the airway and causing acute respiratory distress is presented. An urgent tracheostomy to safeguard the airway was required. The clinical features, surgical anatomy, aetiopathogenesis and management of a retropharyngeal abscess are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1990

Anti-spermatogenic activity of malvidin chloride in langur monkeys (Presbytis entellus entellus Dufresne).

Malvidin chloride (MC) a colouring agent from flowers of Malvaviscus conzattii Greenum was studied for male anti-fertility effects in adult langur monkeys (Presbytis entellus entellus Dufresne). When fed 50 mg MC kg-1 for a period of 60 days, inhibition of spermatogenesis resulted. The weights of testes and epididymides were reduced and there was atrophy of the Leydig cells. In the epididymis, epithelial cell heights were reduced after MC-treatment. Conspicuous shrinkage of seminiferous tubules and Leydig cell nuclei were evident. Depletion of total proteins, RNA, sialic acid, alkaline/acid phosphatase activity in testes and epididymides with the elevation of testicular levels of cholesterol and glycogen also occurred. Blood/serum analysis and haematology of MC-treated langur monkeys revealed that all of the clinically important parameters were well within the normal range. The slightly increased bilirubin concentration and alkaline phosphatase activity returned to normal range within 30 days of the last dose of MC. The anti-spermatogenic activity of MC in langur monkeys is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Sonography of hip joint in infective arthritis.

The most important determinant of outcome of a hip infection is the delay between the onset of the infection and treatment. Transient synovitis, and septic and tubercular arthritis of the hip remain common diagnostic problems. Conventional radiographic examinations are of little help in early diagnosis. Computed tomography, scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging, though informative, are expensive and not universally available. Ultrasonography (US) of the hip was done in 50 patients to define sonographic anatomy, detect joint effusions and correlate sonographic features with the etiology of the disease. Even small collections of fluid could be detected with accuracy. Both hypo- and hyperechoic synovial fluid was seen in septic arthritis, but hyperechoicity and a thickened capsule were the most characteristic findings. Synovial fluid had mixed echogenicity in tubercular and transient synovitis. The use of other (invasive) imaging modalities can be minimized because US can be used not only to demonstrate effusions early in the disease but also the status of the intra-articular compartment, joint capsule, bony surface and adjacent soft tissues. Ultrasonography should be used more commonly to diagnose infective arthritis, and no patient should be subjected to arthrotomy or drainage if US has ruled out the presence of a fluid collection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Antiandrogenic effects of a flavonoid-rich fraction of Vitex negundo seeds: a histological and biochemical study in dogs.

The ability of the flavonoid-rich fraction (5,7,3'-trihydroxy, 6,8,4'-trimethoxy flavones) of Vitex negundo seeds to antagonize the androgen action of exogenous testosterone propionate on the male reproductive system was studied in castrated prepubertal and intact adult dog. The flavonoid-rich fraction (F) was administered 10 mg/kg i.p. every other day either alone or in combination with testosterone propionate. The duration of treatment was 30 days in castrates and 60 days in intacts. Treatment with F caused disruption of the latter stages of spermatogenesis. The epididymides were devoid of spermatozoa. Protein, sialic acid and RNA contents of the testes and epididymides were reduced significantly while testicular cholesterol and phosphatase activity in testes and epididymides were elevated. Reduced androgen production was reflected in low levels of sialic acid in testes and epididymides. Castration alone brought about reduction in size and weight of the epididymides whereas castration followed by F treatment caused a reduction in the cellular heights of epididymides. Simultaneous administration of testosterone propionate to F-treated intact adult and castrated prepubertal dogs maintained the viability of spermatozoa, kept epididymal physiology relatively normal and significantly increased the cellular heights of epididymides.

Androgen Antagonists↗