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Biomedical subjects

S K Chase

Publications and source records attributed to S K Chase.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Validity in qualitative research.

Much contemporary dialogue has centered on the difficulty of establishing validity criteria in qualitative research. Developing validity standards in qualitative research is challenging because of the necessity to incorporate rigor and subjectivity as well as creativity into the scientific process. This article explores the extant issues related to the science and art of qualitative research and proposes a synthesis of contemporary viewpoints. A distinction between primary and secondary validity criteria in qualitative research is made with credibility, authenticity, criticality, and integrity identified as primary validity criteria and explicitness, vividness, creativity, thoroughness, congruence, and sensitivity identified as secondary validity criteria.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed2000

Living with chronic venous leg ulcers: a descriptive study of knowledge and functional health status.

A descriptive design was used to identify the functional health status and knowledge level of individuals living at home with chronic venous leg ulcers (N = 21). Limitations in physical function and vitality were moderate to severe, impacting on study participants' productive activities and activities of daily living. Severe to moderate pain was experienced by 19% of the participants. In addition, knowledge deficits were apparent regarding the cause and treatment of leg ulcers. Findings of this study suggest the importance of assessing these factors in addition to the wound when caring for individuals in the community with chronic venous leg ulcers.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1999

Nursing presence. As real as a milky way bar.

Data sets from three individual studies on nursing judgment were reviewed from a wider perspective. This yielded meanings and phenomena not readily identified in the individual studies, and it was tentatively labeled presence. A hermeneutic study using 10 transcripts from each data set asked: What are the common features of the context of nursing judgment? and, What are the features of the nurses' connection with the patient that contribute to nursing judgment? The analysis yielded six features of nursing presence: uniqueness, connecting with the patient's experience, sensing, going beyond the scientific data, knowing (what will work and when to act), and being with the patient. These features of nursing presence are logical distinctions and serve as ways to grasp the idea of nursing presence.

Cues↗
PubMed1997

A forever healing: the lived experience of venous ulcer disease.

A phenomenological study was conducted to determine the lived experience of healing a venous ulcer for patients in an ambulatory surgical clinic. In addition to seven tape-recorded, transcribed interviews, weekly participant observations were made for 1 year. Interviews and field notes were transcribed and analyzed for themes by using van Manen's approach. Four major themes emerged from the analysis: (1) "A forever healing process" refers to the extended time over which healing occurs. (2) "Limits and accommodations" refers to the patterns of limitation related to mobility and activity restrictions due to pain and disfigurement. (3) "Powerlessness" describes the resignation about the inevitability of wound recurrence. (4) "Who cares?" refers to variation among the patients in assuming responsibly for managing their ulcer. Understanding the lived experience of venous leg ulcer disease allows care providers to provide empathic care. Patients can be encouraged to be active members of the treatment team and to assume responsibility for care and lifestyle choices.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1997

Healing through integration: promoting wellness in cardiac rehabilitation.

This case study illustrates the basic life processes, transitions, and meanings of a woman with diagnosed coronary artery disease who participated in an innovative outpatient program of cardiac rehabilitation. Data gathering and analysis were accomplished using the phenomenologic procedures outlined by Spiegelberg and van Manen. A formulated structure, healing through integration, was generated from the interpretation of case study data, as well as the data of 15 other adult patients who participated in a program of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation. This structure provides a framework for nursing assessment and the implementation of relevant mind, body, social, spiritual, and behavioral interventions designed to assist individuals in integrating health-enhancing behaviors and recovery following a cardiac health crisis.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Nursing presence: an existential exploration of the concept.

Nursing presence emerged in the nursing literature in the 1960s as a coherent and consistent philosophical term based in the existentialism of Gabriel Marcel and Martin Heidegger, and the religious philosophy of Martin Buber. Since the mid-1980s, however, the precision in definition has deteriorated and presence has accrued multiple meanings, resulting in a weakened sense of the concept. After delineating the etymological and philosophical foundations of nursing presence, the concept is defined. The existential nature of nursing presence is explored and arguments for the indispensability of nursing presence are offered to counter the claims of bottom-line thinking. A definition is offered of nursing presence as an intersubjective encounter between a nurse and a patient in which the nurse encounters the patient as a unique human being in a unique situation and chooses to "spend" herself on his behalf.

Existentialism↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The social context of critical care clinical judgment.

BACKGROUND: Clinical judgment in critical care is supported by a rich social network of care providers. The purpose of this study was to describe the social context in which the process of critical care clinical judgment occurs from the nurse's perspective. METHODS: An ethnographic study was conducted that included interviews with 10 nurses and participant observation in an open heart surgery unit with 59 nurses and two surgical teams during a 2-year period. RESULTS: Nurses and physicians were organized in hierarchies of nurse manager, resource nurse, charge nurse, and staff nurse or attending surgeon, fellow, chief resident, and resident. These parallel hierarchies allowed for checks on judgment both within and across professional lines. Rituals, such as nursing report, physician rounds, and flow sheet use, provided a context for a critique on judgment processes. Communication of judgment was frequently a casual, open conversation. At other times, differences in perspective could result in conflict. Communication between nurses and physicians has been associated with better patient outcomes. Critical care unit directors and managers can use an analysis of communication patterns to develop supports to clinical judgment.

Clinical Nursing Research↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Teaching baccalaureate nursing students to project outcomes to nursing interventions.

PURPOSE: To develop an innovative method of teaching baccalaureate nursing students to plan for and recognize outcomes to specific nursing interventions. METHODS: A case study design that measured the effectiveness of a teaching innovation. Tools for students (N = 8) to use during clinical practice included an Intervention-Outcome Analysis Tool and a Nursing Clinical Outcomes Tool. FINDINGS: Quantitative and qualitative evaluation data were presented that showed growth in the ability to set and meet patient outcomes during the semester. CONCLUSIONS: Thinking in terms of outcomes moved student beyond problem solving in their clinical thinking and assisted them to learn to develop individualized outcome statements for their patients.

Curriculum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Charting critical thinking: nursing judgments and patient outcomes.

Critical thinking involves analyzing data and making judgments about patient conditions, progress, and nursing interventions. Critical thinking forms the basis for quality documentation. As nurses' expertise in critical thinking grows, nurses can record how the unique considerations for each patient guided individual care and resulted in positive outcomes. Emphasizing individual nursing care and patient outcomes from that care helps meet Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) standards and gives nurses credit for their expertise. Techniques of critical thinking supported by advanced critical care nurses can lead to improved documentation for entire nursing units.

Critical Care↗