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Biomedical subjects

S K Kacker

Publications and source records attributed to S K Kacker.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Articulatory ability of hearing-impaired children belonging to the different 'Kostić groups'.

Hearing-impaired children in the age range of 3-6 years, registered at the Rehabilitation Unit of Audiology and Speech Pathology, Department of ENT, A.I.I.M.S., New Delhi as the 'control group' of the project 'SAFA for the hearing-impaired', were studied for their articulatory ability. The findings are discussed in the frame work of Kostić classification of the hearing-impaired which takes into consideration the degree of hearing impairment as well as the age of onset of loss.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

A simple, effective method of treating vertigo patients.

Medical treatment of vertigo even today is far from satisfactory. A controlled clinical trial of treating vertigo patients by 1% ephedrine hydrochloride nasal douche has been conducted in 84 patients; 74.3% patients were either completely or partially relieved of their dizziness. The therapy was well accepted by patients and side effects were minimal.

Administration, Intranasal↗
PubMed1990

Hearing loss after head injury.

Sixty head injury patients were evaluated for hearing loss; ten underwent ABER testing. Forty percent of the cases had hearing loss of different degrees. The audiometric pattern was variable in the different types of injuries, although the incidence of conductive deafness was quite low (5%). In most of the cases of sensorineural hearing loss, the end organ was implicated. Recruitment was demonstrated in the ABERs, as well as in the retrocochlear lesions, by studying the IPLs present.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Revision stapes surgery.

The records of 120 patients who had undergone revision stapedectomy were analyzed to determine: (i) the causes of failure; (ii) how to prevent failure by taking precautions during primary surgery; (iii) hearing results; and (iv) possible identifying factors which might pinpoint those patients with a high risk of sensorineural deafness. A review of these cases demonstrates that the results of revision stapedectomy are different from those of primary stapedectomy. The commonest cause of failure was prosthetic dislocation (30.8 per cent), followed by fibrous adhesions (18.3 per cent) and otosclerotic regrowth (14.1 per cent). First revision operations resulted in post-operative bone-air gaps of 15 dB. or less in 46.5 per cent of cases, much better than 25 per cent for second revisions. Primary stapedectomy resulted in successful closure of the air-bone gap to 15 dB. or less in 89.5 per cent of cases. The sensorineural loss occurred in 11.3 per cent or first revisions and in 16.6 per cent of second revisions, as compared to 1.3 per cent after primary surgery. 'Dead ears' were encountered in 2.2 per cent of first revisions, as compared to nil in the primary group.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma: (a nine-year experience).

In a nine-year period 50 nasopharyngeal angiofibromas, of whom 13 had recurrent tumour, were treated surgically at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi. A new staging system according to the regions involved was used; 31 patients in whom the tumour was limited to the nasopharynx (Stage I) and those with superior spread into the ethmoid or sphenoid sinuses (Stage IIA) had their tumours removed by a transpalatal route, alone or in combination with other approaches. Tumours with lateral extensions into the pterygopalatine or infratemporal fossae or the cheek (Stage IIB), and those with simultaneous superior and lateral spread (Stage III) underwent a transmaxillary excision (19 cases). In two of the three cases with intracranial extension (Stage IV), the tumour was removed successfully from below. There was no mortality. The usefulness of the transmaxillary approach, especially in recurrent cases, is emphasized. No adjuvant modalities were employed in this series and blood loss was acceptable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Auditory brain-stem evoked responses in cerebellopontile angle tumors.

Large acoustic or nonacoustic cerebellopontile angle tumors cause severe to total hearing loss on the same side. Such a tumor can also cause hearing loss on the opposite side by pressure effect on the brain stem. This was observed in 23 patients with large tumors that were surgically treated. Their computed tomographic scans and surgical findings supported the auditory brain-stem evoked potential changes noted in this study. Early removal of such a tumor is essential to prevent any possible hearing loss on the opposite side that may be produced by the tumor.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Nasal septal deviation: effective intervention and long term follow-up.

Nasal septal deviation (DNS) occurs more frequently during childhood although it occurs at any age due to trauma. Recently, it has been increasingly recognized that nasal septal deviation is seen also at birth and a number of explanations for this occurrence is forwarded. Awareness of such occurrence and its recognition at birth both by pediatricians and obstetricians is essential for early interventional management of this condition in close collaboration with the otorhinolaryngologists. Closed surgical intervention of this defect carried out early after it was detected at birth benefitted the afflicted in terms of nasal airway improvement and its maintenance resulting in normalization of its anatomy and physiology in long term follow-up. Septal deviation detected at birth if left alone without interventional procedure continues to persist. It is furthermore accompanied by statistically valied symptoms like upper respiratory infections, cough, earache, ear discharge, fever, mouth breathing and at times feeding difficulty during infancy and childhood. Long term follow-up of children who underwent closed surgical correction of DNS at birth, revealed no untoward effects such as nasofacial disproportion or retardation of facial growth. Early interventional management of DNS detected at birth therefore appears to be a safe procedure. It can even be performed by neonatologists or an obstetrician. Such an intervention procedure early in life can prevent septoplasty surgery at a latter date besides preventing a number of nasal airway-related conditions.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1986

Oral malignant melanoma (a case report and review of literature).

Oral malignant melanoma is rare and has a poor prognosis. We report a case of melanoma of the lower alveolus with rapid spread to the cervical lymph nodes and breast. Metastasis was diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. The literature on oral melanoma is also reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The enigma of post-radiation oedema and residual or recurrent carcinoma of the larynx and pyriform fossa.

Persistence of significant laryngeal oedema following radiotherapy presents the surgeon with a diagnostic dilemma. Though the oedema may represent a prolonged response to irradiation, the possibility of residual carcinoma must be considered. Several authors have commented upon it and have suggested frequent biopsies to prove the presence of residual or recurrent neoplasm (Ward et al., 1975; Lederman, 1970; Calcaterra et al., 1972). Some reluctance to laryngeal biopsy has been exercised to avoid inciting a fulminant perichondritis. However, the difficulty of obtaining a positive biopsy in a post-irradiated case is well known, and repeated negative biopsies do not exclude the presence of a residual tumour. The present paper studies 52 histopathologically proven cases of carcinoma of the larynx and laryngopharynx which had received radiotherapy earlier. These cases underwent salvage radical surgery on clinical suspicion of residual/recurrent tumour, manifested by persistence of significant laryngeal oedema and/or fixation of the larynx. No positive biopsies had been obtained following radiotherapy.

Adolescent↗