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Biomedical subjects

S K Mehta

Publications and source records attributed to S K Mehta.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

The emergence of colonic diverticulosis in urbanised Indians. A report of 23 cases.

Of a total of 969 barium enemas performed over a three year period, 23 (2.4%) showed colonic diverticulosis. The mean age of the patients was 58 years and the commonest site involved was the sigmoid colon. All the patients were urbanised and were obligatory vegetarians. Six (25%) of the patients had a complication of the disease and three of them required surgery. The possible relationship of the disease with socio-economic changes is highlighted.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Delta hepatitis infection in north India. A preliminary report.

There is a paucity of data on occurrence of delta hepatitis in India. We here present our preliminary data showing that delta coinfection and superinfection occur quite frequently in our set up. The coinfection rate was found to be 15% and superinfection rate 26.6% in the initial screening of 69 patients of acute and chronic liver disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Effects of dietary benzo(a) pyrene on intestinal phase I and phase II drug metabolizing systems in normal and vitamin A-deficient rats.

Feeding of vitamin A-deficient diet to male weanling rats for 10 weeks caused significant increase in the activities of Phase I enzyme system, i.e., cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b5 and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase in the proximal, middle and distal segments of the intestine. Of the Phase II enzymes studied, UDP-glucuronyltransferase showed significant decrease whereas glutathione S-transferase showed significant increase. Treatment with benzo(a)pyrene caused greater induction in the levels of Phase I enzymes in deficient animals as compared to controls. In contrast to this, benzo(a)pyrene treatment induced the level of UDP-glucuronyltransferase in control rats more than in deficient rats. Intestinal NADPH cytochrome C-reductase and glutathione S-transferase remained insensitive to benzo(a)pyrene induction.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Upper gastro-intestinal mucosal changes in patients with chronic renal failure.

A prospective study was undertaken to determine the radiological, endoscopic and histological changes of upper gastro-intestinal mucosa in patients with end-stage renal failure and the effect of haemodialysis. Of the 30 patients studied, 28 (93%) had presented with upper gastrointestinal symptoms. Abnormal findings on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were observed in 66.7% patients. These comprised oesophagitis (23.3%) gastritis (30%), duodenitis (33.3%) and peptic ulcer (6.7%). Histological study of the mucosal tissue biopsy in 24 patients showed oesophagitis, gastritis and duodenitis in 12.5%, 45.8% and 37.5% respectively. Ten patients were re-evaluated after institution of haemodialysis therapy for a minimum of one month. Though there was a significant improvement in gastrointestinal symptoms (p less than 0.05), there was no effect on endoscopic changes. The study documents a high incidence of mucosal inflammatory changes rather than that of ulcer disease in chronic renal failure.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Association of Candida with carcinoma of esophagus.

Twenty-five patients with carcinoma of the esophagus (group I) and 25 patients suffering from non-ulcer dyspepsia with normal endoscopy (group II) were studied to know the incidence of isolation of Candida from their esophagus. Endoscopic brushings were taken from the esophagus in both groups and studied by smear examination and culture. Fungal organisms could be detected in 75% of cases of group I and 32% of cases of group II by culture techniques, and 45.8% and 12% respectively by smear examination. The difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.05) for both the techniques. Candida albicans was the commonest species isolated. No correlation was found between Candida agglutination titres and density of Candida growth on culture. We conclude that an association exists between carcinoma esophagus and the occurrence of Candida in the esophagus.

Candida albicans↗
PubMed1989

Ultrasonography in non-cirrhotic portal hypertension: correlation with splenoportography.

Real time sonography followed by splenoportography was performed in 38 cases with non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. Eleven of these cases, in whom porto-systemic shunt surgery was done, were also evaluated by real time sonography post-operatively. The ultrasound findings correlated well in 37 cases (98%) with splenoportography. All the post-operative cases also revealed a patent portosystemic shunt on sonography. Ultrasonography, a valuable, non-invasive, initial investigation of portal hypertension, may thus be used as the only investigation to distinguish intra- from extra-hepatic obstruction and to evaluate patency of surgically created porto-systemic shunts. Invasive portography may be performed only if surgical treatment is anticipated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Ingestion of corrosive acids. Spectrum of injury to upper gastrointestinal tract and natural history.

We have prospectively evaluated 41 patients who ingested acid for location, extent, severity, and outcome of the injury to the upper gastrointestinal tract. The injury was assessed within 36 h of acid intake by endoscopy or surgery, or at autopsy. Symptoms and signs were unreliable in predicting the extent and severity of injury. The degree of burns was classified as follows: grade 0 in 2 patients, grade 1 in 3, grade 2 in 16, and grade 3 in 20. Esophageal injury was seen in 87.8% of the patients, gastric injury in 85.4%, and duodenal injury in 34.1%. All patients with grade 0, 1, and 2a injury recovered without sequelae. Acute complications occurred in 39.1% of the cases, and death in 12.2%. It is significant that all such patients had grade 3 burns. Five of the 8 patients with grade 2b injury and all survivors of grade 3 injury developed esophageal or gastric cicatrization, or both, which subsequently needed endoscopic or surgical treatment. We find that endoscopy is not only the tool of choice for diagnosis in such cases but also aids in deciding upon treatment and prognosis. We conclude that acid injury of the upper gastrointestinal tract is a very serious condition that affects the esophagus and stomach equally and results in high morbidity and mortality.

Accidents, Home↗
PubMed1989

Pneumatic dilatation in achalasia.

Pneumatic dilatation of achalasia cardia was performed on 22 patients using Rider-Moeller bag under fluoroscopic control-during a three year period. The diagnosis was established at barium study and endoscopy. A total of 28 dilatations were performed on 22 patients. Sixteen patients required a single dilatation, five required another sitting while one patient had to be dilated thrice. Surgery was not required in any patient. There was a single complication in the form of an intramural leak which could be successfully managed conservatively. Our short term follow up results reiterate the consensus that pneumatic dilatation should be the initial form of management in these cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Effect of DDT on hepatic mixed-function oxidase activity in normal and vitamin A-deficient rats.

Feeding of vitamin A-deficient diet to male weanling rats for 10 weeks resulted in significant decrease in the body weight and marked reduction in the hepatic vitamin A content. The levels of hepatic phase I microsomal enzymes cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b5, aminopyrine N-demethylase and arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase were found to be substantially reduced by vitamin A-deficiency. Also, the activity of phase II microsomal UDP - glucuronyl transferase enzyme was significantly decreased in deficient animals. Following repeated oral administration of DDT (15 mg/kg/body wt/day) for 21 days, the phase I microsomal enzymes were induced to a greater extent in controls as compared to deficient animals. UDP - glucuronyltransferase remained insensitive to DDT induction. The results imply that the capacity for induction of the hepatic mixed-function oxidase enzyme system is impaired in deficient animals concurrently exposed to DDT.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Tube esophagogram: a better radiological technique for evaluation of esophageal diseases.

Forty-six patients with suspected esophageal disease were studied by tube esophagography. This was performed by positioning a rubber tube in the proximal esophagus, followed by swallowing of high density barium suspension and insufflation of air through the tube. Comparison in 20 cases showed superiority of tube study over conventional double contrast barium, with alteration in diagnosis in six cases and additional information in 14 cases. Tube esophagogram is a safe, simple and valuable adjunctive technique leading to accurate and definitive radiological diagnosis of esophageal disease.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1988

Non-surgical treatment of jejunogastric intussusception.

Three cases of retrograde jejunogastric intussusception who were managed endoscopically are described. The diagnosis was made by means of endoscopy in one case and contrast radiology of the stomach in the other two. Endoscopic management consisted of reduction of the intussusception, followed by placement of a feeding tube deep in the intussuscepting segment. The patients responded very well and surgery could be avoided in all of them.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Fine-needle aspiration cytology of rectal tumors.

This report describes the application of fine-needle aspiration cytology to rectal tumors and metastatic deposits in the rectovesical pouch using a short proctoscope and an 8-cm long fine needle.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1988

Hypersensitivity reaction after barium meal examination.

Hypersensitivity reactions can occur after the administration of barium products and all caused by one of the many additives. These reactions are extremely unusual. Authors report on a patient who developed urticaria shortly after a conventional barium examination.

Adult↗