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Biomedical subjects

S K Mittal

Publications and source records attributed to S K Mittal.

167 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis B--potential of perinatal transmission in India.

To estimate the frequency of perinatal hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, 850 pregnant females were tested for HBsAg and HBeAg using RPHA kits. Frequency of HBsAg positivity was 4.6% by RPHA and 6.34% by micro-ELISA. HBeAg was detected in 18% of the HBsAg positive pregnant females. Presuming a perinatal HBV infection rate of 90% amongst infants born to HBsAg and HBeAg positive pregnant females and 17% amongst infant born to HBsAg positive but HBeAg negative mothers, we estimated that 1.17% to 1.64% infants out of 24 million births occurring annually in this country would be infected with HBV. In other words every year 2.8 to 3.9 lakh infants are being infected by HBV perinatally, 90% of whom will eventually develop chronic HBV infection. Urgent control measures are necessary to circumvent this problem.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical spectrum of chronic liver disease in north Indian children.

Recent advances in serodiagnosis of hepatotropic viruses have revolutionized the approach to diagnosis and understanding of chronic liver disease (CLD). There are few studies on CLD in children from India. The present study was planned to define the clinical spectrum of CLD in children, its histopathology and seroepidemiology. Forty children with clinical features satisfying the criteria for diagnosing chronic liver disease were studied. All underwent routine laboratory investigations, liver function tests and ultrasound scan of the abdomen. Liver biopsy, upper GI endoscopy and other special investigations were done wherever indicated. The most common presenting features were jaundice (70%), fever (67%), and abdominal distention (60%). On examination hepatomegaly and icterus (80% each) and splenomegaly (67%) were the commonest findings. Serum transaminases were raised in 62.5% of children while prothrombin time was prolonged in 75% patients. Oesophageal and/or gastric varices were seen in 13 out of 29 patients subjected to upper GI endoscopy. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) was positive in 5 children (12.5%) while 3 (7.5%) tested positive for anti HCV antibody. The commonest histopathological diagnosis was infantile cholangiopathy (20%) followed by cryptogenic cirrhosis and idiopathic chronic active hepatitis (17.5% each). The study suggests that the incidence of chronic hepatitis B and C is rather low in childhood. However larger and longer studies are required to delineate the exact incidence of these conditions in childhood and their progression in adolescence and early adulthood.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatitis B and hepatitis C in multitransfused children.

The study was conducted on 75 multitransfused children aged between 2 and 13 years who attended the Department of Paediatrics, LNJPN Hospital, New Delhi from July 1990 to July 1991. These included 64 cases of thalassaemia major, 4 cases of haemophilia, 3 patients of acute lymphatic leukaemia and one each of acute myeloid leukaemia, aplastic anemia, chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis. HBsAg was tested in all, Anti-HBc was tested in 44 patients and Anti-HCV in 43 patients. Anti HDV was tested in HBsAg positive patients and IgM anti-HAV was tested in patients suffering from hepatitis. Liver function tests were evaluated in all patients. HBsAg was positive in 31% of patients; 40% of males and 15% of females were HBsAg positive, the difference being statistically significant. 84% of patients were Anti-HBc positive, 21% were anti HCV positive, 4% were Anti HDV positive. 15% of the patients had post transfusion hepatitis. Anti HCV was present in 57% of the hepatitis patients; none had anti-HAV IgM.

Child↗