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Biomedical subjects

S K Patel

Publications and source records attributed to S K Patel.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinase phosphorylated in response to cell attachment to fibronectin.

A homology-based cDNA cloning approach was used to identify a widely expressed protein-tyrosine kinase designated as "focal adhesion kinase" (FadK). The entire mouse FadK amino acid sequence was deduced from cDNA clones, revealing a large (119-kDa) non-membrane-spanning protein-tyrosine kinase that lacks Src-homology SH2 and SH3 domains. Immunostaining of BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts revealed that FadK is concentrated in focal adhesions. FadK is phosphorylated on tyrosine in growing cultures of BALB/c 3T3 cells but contains little or no phosphotyrosine in cells detached by trypsinization. The tyrosine-phosphorylated state is regained within minutes when the cells are replated onto fibronectin. Activation of FadK may be an important early step in intracellular signal transduction pathways triggered in response to cell interactions with the extracellular matrix.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1992

Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty for transplant renal artery stenosis.

A recent report has challenged the efficacy and safety of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) for the treatment of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS). From January 1983 to December 1990, 24 PTA procedures were performed for TRAS in 18 patients. The stenoses were anastomotic in two cases, in the main renal artery in 14, and segmental in eight. After PTA, the residual stenosis was less than 20% in 14 (58%), 20%-50% in four (17%), and greater than 50% in six (25%). The mean diastolic blood pressure decreased from 106 mm Hg 1 day prior to PTA to 82 mm Hg 1 day after PTA. Long-term follow-up mean diastolic blood pressure (at 2-32 months) was 93 mm Hg (P less than .01). Eleven of the 18 patients (63%) had a 10% or greater reduction in diastolic blood pressure on long-term follow-up. Major complications occurred in two patients; one groin hematoma required surgical evacuation, and one polar infarct led to hypertension that was difficult to control. No surgical revisions of the transplant renal artery were necessary. The authors' data indicate that PTA should remain the treatment of choice for nonanastomotic TRAS.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Ultrarapid urokinase in hemodialysis access occlusion.

Over a 3-month period, 14 consecutive hemodialysis access occlusions were treated with 1-1.25 million IU of urokinase (UK) delivered at a rate of 20,000 IU/min. After systemic heparin administration, lytic infusion via the crossed-catheter technique was performed with use of pediatric microdrip pumps, with determination of success within 1 hour. Patency was established radiographically in 11 of 14 occlusions, for a 79% immediate success rate. At 285-day mean follow-up, 9% (one of 11) remained patent without further radiologic or surgical intervention; graft survival was 64% (seven of 11). No significant complications occurred with use of ultrarapid UK. The 1-hour outpatient procedure safely allowed for rapid triage between surgical and radiologic intervention, minimal catheter manipulation or physician dependency, shorter duration compression of any bleeding venipuncture sites during UK administration, and greater patient comfort because of shortened procedure times.

Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical↗
PubMed1991

Biliary strictures in hepatic transplantation.

Between August 1985 and December 1990, 198 liver transplantations were performed. Among 18 patients, 20 biliary strictures were identified, which were categorized as anastomotic (n = 6), nonanastomotic central hilar (n = 8), and nonanastomotic peripheral (n = 6). Pretransplant disease, hepatic artery patency, presence of acute or chronic rejection, and donor cold ischemia times were tabulated for each case. Among the six patients with peripheral strictures, three had sclerosing cholangitis prior to transplantation. Three patients with nonanastomotic strictures experienced chronic rejection. The mean cold ischemia time for patients with nonanastomotic strictures was 9.75 hours versus 8.1 hours for nonstrictured transplants (P = .025). Balloon dilation was performed in 13 patients; follow-up longer than 6 months was available for nine patients. Dilation was successful in four cases. Among the five failures, only one patient has needed surgery. An association was noted between nonanastomotic biliary strictures and prolonged donor cold ischemia time, between peripheral nonanastomotic strictures and pretransplant sclerosing cholangitis, and between nonanastomotic strictures and chronic rejection. Percutaneous balloon dilation was found useful in the treatment of the strictured transplant.

Biliary Tract Diseases↗
PubMed1991

The UK Panch Gam Patidar community and dentistry: a postal questionnaire study.

A postal questionnaire investigated the dental experiences, awareness of dental problems and attitudes to teeth of 192 individuals from 77 households of the United Kingdom Panch Gam Patidar community. Most were self-employed or in social classes I, II or IIIN. More people had attended the dentist in the United Kingdom (86.5 per cent) than in their last country of residence (49.0 per cent). Just over half in both countries attended mainly when in trouble with teeth or gums; 74.0 per cent felt they will keep some of their natural teeth for the rest of their lives, and 73 per cent would be upset at losing all their natural teeth. The Patidar community had received less fillings or extractions than other United Kingdom adults. Edentulousness was only 4.2 per cent compared with the 30 per cent UK norm. The felt need for care was relatively less compared with the UK adult population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Embolization of a giant renal arterial aneurysm.

A 49-year-old man presented with right flank pain. Angiography revealed a giant right renal arterial aneurysm. Giant renal arterial aneurysms are typically treated by nephrectomy. In this patient the aneurysm was embolized successfully with multiple Gianturco-Wallace coils and polyvinyl alcohol. This case indicates that embolization may be a reasonable alternative to nephrectomy.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1990

Percutaneous treatment of urine leaks in renal transplantation patients.

The data on post-renal transplantation urine leaks in 23 patients were retrospectively reviewed to assess the role of percutaneous urine-diverting procedures in their treatment. The leaks were confirmed by means of antegrade pyelography, and either a nephrostomy catheter or a nephroureteral stent was placed. Nephrostography was performed frequently to evaluate leak closure. Urinary diversion was continued for an average of 68 days. Leak closure was documented in 20 of 23 (87%) cases. In four patients, concomitant infection or multiorgan failure precluded adequate therapy. One patient developed a ureteral stricture after the urine-diverting procedure and required surgical correction. The results suggest that percutaneous urine-diverting procedures are a definitive treatment for post-renal transplantation urine leaks.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Magnetic resonance imaging of adrenal cortical carcinoma.

Five cases of adrenal cortical carcinoma examined with magnetic resonance (MR) are presented. Clinical histories, computed tomographic (CT) scans, and final pathologic findings were reviewed in each case. All masses were hypointense compared to the liver on T1-weighted images and became hyperintense compared to the liver on T2-weighted images. Signal intensity of adrenal masses, fat, and liver were measured. Adrenal/liver and adrenal/fat signal intensity ratios were then calculated. All the masses were readily identified with MR. The MR also demonstrated displacement or invasion of adjacent organs, as well as liver metastases. The inferior vena cava was also identified in each case. Even though there were no consistent MR findings to diagnose adrenal cortical carcinomas accurately, superior blood vessel identification and multiplanar capabilities may make MR the imaging modality of choice in evaluating the extent of disease and in planning surgical excision.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1989

Imaging of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

There is no single correct approach to evaluate aortic aneurysm. Variations in individual cases, equipment availability, technical expertise, and surgeons' preference frequently dictate the workup. Sonography is optimal for screening and follow-up in uncomplicated cases. CT is excellent in preoperative and postoperative evaluation of aneurysms and their potential complications. Angiography is used to determine visceral-branch involvement and define variations in vascular anatomy, although its routine preoperative use is controversial. MR imaging has emerged as a powerful tool to visualize and stage aneurysms.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMed1988

Uterine leiomyomas in the infertile patient: preoperative localization with MR imaging versus US and hysterosalpingography.

Eleven women with a history of infertility and uterine leiomyomas underwent magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the pelvis prior to myomectomy. Nine also underwent preoperative pelvic ultrasonography (US), and ten underwent hysterosalpingography. All studies were interpreted prospectively by independent observers. With each imaging modality, the location (one of 11 anatomic segments), size, and appearance of detected uterine leiomyomas were determined and compared with surgical and histologic findings. Among the nine patients who underwent both MR and US, the sensitivity (85%) and accuracy (94%) of MR imaging for abnormal segments was significantly better than that of US (sensitivity = 69%, P = .015; accuracy = 87%, P = .043). For the ten patients who underwent both MR and hysterosalpingography, the sensitivity (91%) and accuracy (96%) of MR imaging was better than that of hysterosalpingography (sensitivity = 18%, P = .0005; accuracy = 72%, P = .0005). The specificities of the three modalities did not significantly differ (100%, 97%, and 98% for MR, US, and hysterosalpingography, respectively). These data suggest that MR imaging is superior to US or hysterosalpingography for preoperatively locating uterine leiomyomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Mycotic aneurysm of the renal artery.

Three cases of mycotic aneurysm of the renal artery are presented, all of which manifested similar findings on excretory urography and renal arteriography: small intrarenal aneurysm with distal occlusion, corresponding nephrographic defect or defects on urography and arteriography, and opacification of a normal collecting system. To the authors' knowledge these findings have not been reported previously, and they appear to represent a distinctive combination of findings diagnostic of mycotic aneurysm. The significance of recognizing this pattern, particularly as an aid in establishing an early diagnosis of infective endocarditis, is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Renal fascia: its radiographic importance.

The renal fascia, commonly known as Gerota's fascia, is a collagenous connective tissue sheath which separates the perirenal fat from the pararenal fat. It may be visualized radiographically and is helpful in the precise localization of abdominal masses. It is also useful in the diagnosis of perinephric hematomas and abscesses and in distinguishing them from intrarenal or subcapsular hematomas and abscesses. The anatomy of the renal fascia is briefly discussed, and representative cases are presented.

Aged↗