Differential effects of estradiol and hydrocortisone on liver tryptophan pyrrolase in rats of various ages.
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Adrenalectomy↗
Biomedical subjects
S K Patnaik
Publications and source records attributed to S K Patnaik.
"Filopin" efficacy in the treatment of lymphatic filariasis.
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Acute Disease↗
Acute respiratory infection in children--a survey in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh.
A survey was carried out in East Godavari district of Andhra Pradesh to determine the magnitude of the problem of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in children below five years of age. ARI associated mortality rates were found to be 15 times higher in infants than in the 1-4 year age group. However, overall ARI associated mortality was only 2.01 per thousand with an estimated case fatality ratio of 0.4 per thousand. A reverse trend in morbidity was noted in which 2-week incidence of ARI was more in 1-4 years age group than in infants. There is a need to standardize diagnosis and treatment of ARI disease in the district in order to eliminate wasteful use of antibiotics.
Acute Disease↗
Rural community perception and prevention practice towards filariasis in East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh.
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Animals↗
Diarrhoeal diseases in children--a survey in east Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh.
A survey carried out in East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh to determine the extent of diarrhoeal disease problem in children under five years of age revealed an incidence of 7.5 per cent. It was two times more frequent in infants than in the age group of 1-4 years. Mortality due to diarrhoea was 1.1 per thousand children which was two times more in infants than in the age group of 1-4 years. As high as 68.5 per cent of children were treated with antibiotics. There is a need to standardize management of diarrhoeal diseases in order to eliminate wasteful use of antibiotics.
Child, Preschool↗
Differential regulation of malate dehydrogenase isoenzymes by estradiol in the brain of rats of various ages.
The activity and induction patterns of the isoenzymes of malate dehydrogenase (MDH) of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of female rats during growth, development, and senescence were studied. The activity of both the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isoenzymes increased significantly with increasing age of the rat. Ovariectomy decreased, and hydrocortisone administration increased significantly the activity of cytoplasmic MDH of both the tissues of immature, adult, and senescent rats. However, the degree of these responses decreased with increasing age of the animal. The hormone-mediated induction of this isoenzyme is actinomycin D-sensitive. Mitochondrial MDH on the other hand is irresponsive towards these treatments throughout the life span of the rat.
Aging↗
Tissue-specific differential induction of aspartate transcarbamylase by hydrocortisone in rats of various ages.
The activity and induction pattern of aspartate transcarbamylase (ATCase) of the liver (a mitotic tissue) and heart (a post-mitotic tissue) of rats of various ages were studied. The activity of the enzyme of both tissues was highest in the immature rat and decreased significantly thereafter with increasing age of the animal. Adrenalectomy and hydrocortisone treatments altered the activity of liver ATCase in rats of all the ages. However, these treatments altered the heart enzyme of the immature and adult rats, but not of senescent rat. The magnitude of induction of the enzyme by hydrocortisone was highest in the immature rat. Actinomycin D inhibited the hormone-mediated induction of ATCase in both the liver and heart.
Adrenalectomy↗
Differential effects of hydrocortisone on alanine aminotransferase isoenzymes of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of rats during growth, development, and senescence.
The activities and induction patterns of the isoenzymes of alanine aminotransferase (AAT) of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of rats of various ages were studied. The activities of both the soluble (s-) and mitochondrial (m-) isoenzymes of ATT of the cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum were highest in the immature rat and decreased significantly thereafter with increasing age. Adrenalectomy decreased, and hydrocortisone administration increased significantly, the activity of s-AAT in both cerebral hemispheres and cerebellum of immature, adult, and senescent rats. However, these treatments resulted in significant changes in the activity of m-AAT in both tissues of the immature rat only. The hormone-mediated induction of these isoenzymes was actinomycin D-sensitive.
Adrenalectomy↗
Age-related differential induction of tryptophan pyrrolase by hydrocortisone in the liver of male rats.
The activity and the regulatory pattern of tryptophan pyrrolase of the liver of male rats during various phases of the life span were studied with a view to investigate the differential effectiveness of hydrocortisone in relation to growth, development, and senescence of an organism. The level of this enzyme shows no significant change till adulthood but decreases significantly thereafter with increasing age. Adrenalectomy and hydrocortisone treatments decrease and increase, respectively the activity of this enzyme significantly in rats of all the ages. However, the effects of these treatments are highest in the mature rat. Induction of the enzyme by hydrocortisone is actinomycin D-sensitive.
Adrenalectomy↗
Tissue-specific differential modulation of arginase and ornithine aminotransferase by hydrocortisone during various developmental stages of the rat.
The activities and regulatory patterns of arginase and ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) of the liver (a mitotic tissue) and kidney cortex (a post-mitotic tissue) of immature, adult, and senescent male rats were studied. The activities of the liver enzymes were highest in the immature rat and decreased gradually with age. However, in the kidney cortex, the activity of arginase was highest and decreased significantly thereafter while that of OAT shows no significant change throughout the life span of the rat. Further, the activity of kidney cortex arginase was approximately 1/20th of that of the liver enzyme. Adrenalectomy and hydrocortisone treatments altered the activity of arginase in both tissues and that of OAT in the liver only. However, the kidney cortex OAT was not responsive towards these treatments. Actinomycin D inhibited the hydrocortisone-mediated induction of arginase of both the liver and kidney cortex and that of the liver OAT.
Adrenalectomy↗
Evidence for estradiol-induced differential expression of genes for brain RNA polymerase during developmental stages of the rat.
In order to gain insight into the steroid hormone-induced differential expression of genes for several rate-limiting enzymes of various metabolic pathways during differentiation, growth, adulthood, and senescence in rats, nuclear RNA polymerase of the cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres were studied. The level of this enzyme in both the tissues was highest in the immature rats and decreased significantly thereafter with increasing age. Ovariectomy decreased, and estradiol administration increased significantly the activity of this enzyme in both cerebellum and cerebral hemispheres of immature, young-adult, adult, and late-adult rats but not of senescent rats. However, the effects of these treatments were highest in the young-adult rats.
Aging↗
Acceptability of the Village Health Guides Scheme by the community.
An evaluation study was undertaken to assess the utilization of services provided by the Village Health Guides (V. H. G.) and acceptability of the scheme by the community. It was observed that 82 per cent of the community members utilized the services of V. H. Gs. for one or the other health problems and most of them were satisfied with the services. The scheme has succeeded in tackling rural medical problems but the role of V. H. G. is essentially that of a change agent to educate community on health, nutrition, immunization, maternal and child health and environmental sanitation has not been achieved so far.
Attitude to Health↗
Feasibility of controlling lymphatic filarial diseases through primary health care system.
A study was undertaken to explore the feasibility of treatment of clinical cases of filariasis by the Village Health Guides (VHG) and to assess the impact of different dose schedules by Diethylcarbamazine (DEC) on the frequency of acute attacks. It was observed that six days treatment with DEC at a dose of 500 mg daily was the most effective regimen in controlling recurrence of filarial attacks. The VHGs can serve the community in treating filarial cases with DEC.
Community Health Workers↗
Outbreak of cholera in Berasia block of Bhopal District in Madhya Pradesh.
Bhopal district, Madhya Pradesh has been considered to be free of cholera. In an outbreak of gastro-enteritis in Berasia block of Bhopal district, Cholera vibrio Inaba and Ogawa were isolated from 17.64 per cent of stool samples collected. Extreme insanitary conditions, large aggregation of uncontrolled population and probably consumption of infected ice candies were responsible for the outbreak of cholera.
Adolescent↗
Regulation of aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes by hydrocortisone in the liver of aging rats.
The activities and induction patterns of the isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase of the liver of male rats of various ages were studied. The activity of cytoplasmic aspartate aminotransferase increases gradually till adulthood and remains constant thereafter with increasing age of the rat. However, the activity of mitochondrial isoenzyme remains constant throughout the life span of the rat. Adrenalectomy decreases and hydrocortisone increases the activity of cytoplasmic isoenzyme in rats of all ages. In contrast, the above treatments do not shown any affect on the activity of mitochondrial isoenzyme in the liver of rats of all ages.
Adrenalectomy↗
Tissue-specific differential induction of ornithine aminotransferase by estradiol in rats of various ages.
The level and induction of ornithine aminotransferase of the liver and kidney cortex were determined at different phases of the life span of female rats. The level of this enzyme in the liver did not change significantly till adulthood and decreased thereafter. However, there was no significant differences in the level of this enzyme in the kidney cortex of the rat throughout its life span. Further, the level of this enzyme in the kidney cortex was more than 2.5-fold higher than that of the liver in all the age groups. Ovariectomy decreased, and 17-beta-estradiol increased significantly, the activity of the kidney cortex enzyme in rats except for the old ones. The effects of both these treatments were highest in the young-adult (13-weeks) rats. In contrast, the liver enzyme was irresponsive towards both these treatments.
Age Factors↗
Differential effects of hydrocortisone on aspartate aminotransferase isoenzymes of the liver of rats during growth, development, and senescence.
The activity and induction patterns of the isoenzymes of aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT) of the liver of male rats during growth, development, and senescence were studied. The activity of both the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial isoenzymes increased significantly until adulthood and remained constant thereafter. Adrenalectomy decreased, and hydrocortisone administration increased, the activity of the cytoplasmic AsAT of the liver of young-immature, adult, and senescent rats. However, the degree of these responses decreased with increasing age of the animal. The hormone-mediated induction of this isoenzyme is actinomycin D-sensitive. Mitochondrial AsAT on the other hand is irresponsive towards these treatments throughout the life span of the rat.
Animals↗
Changes in the sub-types of soluble alanine aminotransferase in the liver of rats during development and aging.
DEAE-cellulose column chromatography and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of crystalline soluble alanine aminotransferase of the liver shows only a single molecular species in both immature and senescent rats. In the case of adult rat, there are two species; one corresponding to that of the immature and the other to that of the old. The former sub-type of the isozyme is designated as sAAT-A and the latter as sAAT-B. sAAT-A is predominantly present in the immature rat and sAAT-B in the old. There is thus a gradual and sequential change in the two sub-types of sAAT as a function of age of the rat.
Aging↗