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Biomedical subjects

S K Ternovoĭ

Publications and source records attributed to S K Ternovoĭ.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Coronary calcium and statins therapy].

AIM: Assessment of the dynamics of coronary calcium score (CCS) evaluated with electron-beam tomography (EBT) under the influence of statin therapy in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and hyperlipidemia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 119 hyperlipidemic CHD patients (mean age 62.1 +/- 9.3 years, 75% males) were included in the study. 69 patients were treated with statins (the study group), 50 patients rejected statins (the control group). CCS was calculated according to Agatson. Initial study parameters in the groups were similar. Mean follow-up was 25.3 +/- 10.6 months. RESULTS: A mean increase of CCS in the study group was 62 +/- 84 units (27.1%) and 122 +/- 180 units (65.2%) in the control group (p = 0.044). Total plasma cholesterol (TC) in the study group decreased by 25.1% from 6.99 +/- 0.92 to 5.24 +/- 0.54 mmol/l), in the control group--by 0.5% (from 6.67 +/- 1.01 to 6.63 +/- 1.0 mmol/l). A weak but significant negative correlation was found between a fall in total cholesterol and CCS increment (r = -0.243, p = 0.008). CONCLUSION: Calcium scoring with EBT or multispiral computed tomography can be used both for pre-clinical diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis and for monitoring of coronary atherosclerosis progression under influence of hyperlipidemic therapy.

Calcium↗
PubMed2005

[Structural and functional changes of coronary and carotid arteries in patients with ischemic heart disease].

AIM: To assess prevalence of atherosclerotic changes in coronary arteries by computed tomography (CT) and carotid arteries by ultrasound duplex scanning (UDS) in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD); to analyse viscoelastic properties of the walls of the common carotid arteries and their correlation with the results of carotid artery UDS and coronary artery CT. MATERIAL AND METHODS: CT and UDS were made in 100 patients with clinically and coronarographycally verified diagnosis of IHD. RESULTS: Calcinates in coronary arteries were found in 96% patients. The mean coronary calcium index (MCCI) was 544.8 +/- 718.5 units (from 0 to 3954 units). Atherosclerotic affection of carotid arteries was registered in 89% patients. Mean thickness of intima-media complex (IMT) of the common carotid arteries was 0.96 +/- 0.02 mm (0.60 mm - 1.87 mm). A correlation was found between coronary MCCI and IMT of the common carotid arteries. The stepwide regression analysis determined such predictors of coronary calcinosis as increased value of IMT of the common carotid arteries and atherosclerotic plaques (ASP) in carotid arteries. Viscoelasticity of the walls of the common carotid arteries in IHD patients differ from that of healthy subjects. This demonstrates stiffness of arterial wall in patients with IHD. There is a correlation between these parameters and IMT of the common carotid arteries. CONCLUSION: Combination of UDS with CT in diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions of different arteries provides more complete information about structural-functional changes in patients with IHD. Such non-invasive tests as measurement of IMT of common carotid arteries and detection of ASP in carotid arteries by UDS, determination of coronary MCCI may serve screening parameters in diagnosis of coronary atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Potential of tomographic methods of diagnosis and three-dimensional analysis of abdominal aortic aneurysm images].

Between 1998 and 2002, 256 tomographic investigations of the abdominal aorta were performed. Aortic aneurysms were identified in 29 (11.3%) patients. Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) was provided to 16 patients 4 patients were examined by an electron-radiation tomograph, 6 by a spiral tomograph, 6 by a multispiral tomograph, and 13 patients underwent magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), with contrast enforcement. Two- and three-dimensional reconstructions of CT- and MR-angiograms were accomplished using special computerized working stations. Good quality MR- or CT- angiograms were obtained in all the patients examined. Interpretation of the angiograms did not cause noticeable difficulties. None of the patients required conventional contrast angiography. The investigations have demonstrated the benefits of multispiral CTA recognized as the method of choice for the diagnosis of aortic aneurysms. Of the 29 patients with the verified diagnosis of aneurysm of the abdominal aorta, aneurysms in 26 subjects were located in the infrarenal aorta. Of these, 5 patients were identified to have an aneurysm extending to the iliac arteries. In two patients, aneurysms extended to the renal arteries or to the suprarenal segment. A thoracoabdominal aneurysm (type III) was revealed in one patient. Associated aneurysm and occlusive lesions of lower extremity arteries (iliac, femoral) were present in 15 (51.7%) cases. In the majority of cases (89.7%), aneurysms ran an uncomplicated course. The complications encountered by us consisted in incomplete (intramural) rupture (2 patients) and dissection (one patient). 22 patients were operated on. Comparison of the intraoperative revision data with the results of preoperative CT and MR angiography has established that the sensitivity of the tomographic methods for the diagnosis of aneurysms was 95.7% and specificity 99%. With an accuracy of up to 2-3 mm there were determined the size of aneurysms, the distance to the renal arteries, the diameter of the proximal and distal "neck", the extension of aneurysms to the iliac arteries, the presence of occlusive lesions of lower extremity arteries. CT and MR angiography with bolus contrast enforcement are safe and noninvasive methods for the diagnosis of aortic aneurysms. They have the high information content and thus allow to plan surgical (and possibly endovascular) interventions without the use of conventional contrast angiography.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

[Quantitative myocardial perfusion assessment with magnetic resonance imaging in patients with coronary artery disease].

AIM: To elucidate feasibility of the absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF), total coronary resistance (TCR), and myocardial blood flow reserve (MBFR) quantification using MRI in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 19 patients with angiographically documented CAD and 9 healthy subjects were studied by MRI using double-slice saturation-recovery Turbo-FLASH sequence for monitoring myocardial first pass kinetics of Gd-DTPA-BMA at rest and during hyperemia (dipyridamole 0.56 mg/kg). The signal intensity curves were acquired within ROI for perfusion beds of the three main coronary arteries (LAD, LCX and RCA) and left ventricle cavity. Eighty five myocardial segments were included in final analysis (group 1 - supplied by < > coronary arteries, n=26; group 2 - supplied by arteries with non-significant diameter stenoses <50%, n=27; group 3 - supplied by arteries with significant stenoses >/=50%, n=32). Sixteen segments were revascularized subsequently (PCI or CABG). One-compartment model and slope-method were used for flow calculation. Myocardial and blood signal intensities were converted to concentration of Gd-DTPA-BMA according to the < > calibration curve. RESULTS: MBF was similar in groups at baseline (group 1 - 0.98+/-0.54, group 2 - 1.24+/-0.53 and group 3 - 1.28+/-0.48 ml/g/min) but significantly lower in group 3 during hyperemia (2.57+/-1.23, 2.99+/-1.14 vs. 1,79+/-0.94 ml/g/min, p<0.05). MBFR (the ratio of flow during hyperemia to flow at baseline) was significantly lower in group 3 than in groups 2 and 1 (1.4+/-0.7 vs. 2.7+/-1.3 vs. 2.9+/-1.2, respectively, p<0.01). Receiver-operator characteristic analysis of MBFR (value </=1.6) revealed sensitivity and specificity of 81% and 85%, respectively, for detection of CAD as defined by quantitative coronary angiography (stenosis diameter >/=50%). TCR (mean arterial pressure divided by flow) significantly decreased (78.8+/-42.2 vs. 41.3+/-17.3 mm Hg ґ min ґ g/ml, p<0.01), MBF accordingly increased (1.61+/-0.77 vs. 2.58+/-0.91 ml/g/min, p<0.01) during hyperemia and MBFR < > (1.3+/-0.6 vs. 3.0+/-1.3, p<0.00l) in myocardial segments after revascularization. CONCLUSION: Absolute MBF and MBFR calculation by first-pass contrast perfusion MRI are feasible in patients with CAD before and after revascularization.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed2004

[Potentialities of non-invasive diagnosis of coronary artery anomalies by electron-beam tomography and multislice computed tomography].

AIM: To assess diagnostic value of electron-beam computed tomography and multislice computed tomography (EBT and MSCT) for diagnosis of congenital anomalies of coronary arteries (CA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Non-invasive coronary angiography with EBT and MSCT has been performed in 1162 patients. RESULTS: Different anomalies of coronary arteries have been found in 10 (0.9%) patients. Results of EBT and MSCT agreed with those of coronary angiography performed in 8 cases with CA anomalies. Though 720 of 1162 patients had coronary stenoses, no significant atherosclerotic lesions were found in anomalous CA. CONCLUSION: EBT and MSCT enable non-invasive screening and diagnosis of coronary arteries anomalies.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[The place of multispiral computed tomography in diagnostics of ischemic heart disease.].

Multispiral computed tomography (CT) of the heart with detection of coronary artery calcification as well as clinical examination, stress tests, single photon emission computer tomography at rest and during stress, and/or stress echocardiography were used in the study of 56 patients with and 26 without ischemic heart disease (mean age 58+/-1 and 55+/-1.5 years, respectively). In 44 patients multispiral CT was performed with intravenous contrast injection and 27 patients were subjected to coronary angiography. Specificity, sensitivity of multispiral CT for detection of hemodynamically significant (>50%) stenoses compared with angiography and for diagnosis of structural changes of the myocardium were 92, 90%, and 89, 91%, respectively. Calcium index was significantly higher in patients with than without ischemic heart disease (253+/-28 and 3+/-1.5 U, respectively) and could be a significant diagnostic criterion of ischemic heart disease.

Coronary Angiography↗
PubMed2003

[Role of electron-beam tomography in diagnosing patency of aortocoronary and mammary-coronary shunts (from data from a 3-year study)].

AIM: To assess informative value of electron-beam tomography (EBT) and to compare dynamics of occlusive defects of autovenous and autoarterial shunts. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 36 patients with coronary heart disease entered the study. All the patients have undergone coronary artery bypass operation and/or mammarocoronary bypass operation (CABO and MCBO, respectively). For three years after the surgery the patients were annually examined with EBT-shuntography. The contrast agent was injected intravenously in a dose 135-140 ml with the injection rate 3.5-4.0 ml/s. In addition to EBT-shuntography, selective x-ray contrast shuntography was conducted one year after CABO. RESULTS: By a comparative analysis, EBT sensitivity and specificity in examination of autovenous shunts patency is 100%, in assessment of patency of mammary shunts is 93 and 100%, respectively. The 3-year retrospective analysis has revealed occlusions in 17.1% venous shunts and 2.7% arterial ones in the first year after CABO and MCBO, 5.2 and 2.8% in the second year, respectively, and in 1.8% venous shunts in the third year. CONCLUSION: EBT-shuntography is a highly informative non-invasive method of diagnosis of aortocoronary shunts patency.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

[Role of computed angiopulmonography in current diagnosis of pulmonary artery thromboembolism].

AIM: To study potentialities of tomographic methods in diagnosis of pulmonary artery thromboembolism (PATE). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Electron-beam tomography (EBT) was used for diagnosis in 34 patients (mean age 41.3 +/- 16.5 years) suspected of PATE (Imatron C-150 unit, USA). The procedure included standard examination of the lungs and EBT angiopulmonography in intravenous introduction of the contrast agent (80-100 ml, the rate 3-3.5 ml/s). RESULTS: The pulmonary artery was found to contain thrombi in 56% patients. 18% of PATE patients had pulmonary infarction. A complete coincidence of EBT and scintigraphy was registered in 31% cases, no PATE by both methods was in 19% cases. Angiopulmonography and EBT findings were the same. In 1 case the result of pulmonary scintigraphy was false negative. 24% patients showed symptoms of thrombophlebitis or varicosity of the lower limbs. EBT has detected signs of PATE in 83% of them. CONCLUSION: EBT-angiopulmonography is a precise, highly informative non-invasive method in diagnosis of PATE.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Phosphorus magnetic resonance in studying energy metabolism in skeletal muscles].

UNLABELLED: The present study objective involved evaluation of possibilities of magnetic resonance spectroscopy with phosphorus (31P-MRS) in diagnosis of metabolic disorders of skeletal muscles in patients with intermittent claudication, chronic heart failure and varicose disease of the lower extremities. In 20 patients with intermittent claudication, 10 patients with chronic heart failure, 10 patients with varicose disease and 10 volunteers, 31P-MRS was performed with 1.5 T MR system (Magnetom SP 63, Siemens). The following parameters were computed: phosphorus-creatinine index, intracellular pH in calf muscle, and time of half-recovery of the phosphorus-creatinine index. At rest, the phosphorus-creatinine indexes were similar in all groups; pH values at rest did not vary either. During isotonic exercise the phosphorus-creatinine index in the control group remained uncharged. In patients with intermittent claudication, the phosphorus-creatinine index at peak of exercise was decreased by 26.1% (p < 0.001), in patients with varicose disease--by 25.6% (p < 0.001), in patients with chronic heart failure by 8% (p < 0.001). PCr recovery half-time was increased in all patients. The patient group with intermittent claudication showed a reverse correlation between the pressure index and the degree of phosphorus-creatinine index decrease. CONCLUSION: 31P-MRS makes it possible to carry out non-invasive diagnosis of energy metabolic disorders of skeletal muscles in patients with impaired peripheral hemodynamics.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Localization of motor and speech cortex in the brain with functional magnetic resonance tomography].

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used for non-invasive mapping of cerebral cortex. The purpose of the study was evaluation of applicability of functional MRI for studies of neurosurgical patients. 32 volunteers (mean age 37.8 +/- 20.9 years) and 16 patients with brain tumors (mean age 36.2 +/- 24.2 years) were included in the study. Statistical analysis of the data obtained was performed. Activation maps were superimposed on anatomical images and discussed with neurosurgeons. Functional MRI studies were successful in localising the motor cortex and Broca's area in 89% of cases. In 69% of cases, results of the functional MRI influenced the patients' treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[Neuroimaging diagnosis and aspects of therapy of hemorrhagic stroke].

The peculiarities of the clinical manifestations of the hemorrhages into the brain were analyzed in 215 patients regarding both the degree of the blood break into the ventricular system and the size of the perifocal edema. It is demonstrated that the clinical picture, course and prognosis of the disease depend on the volume of the hemorrhage, the degree of the ventricular tamponage, presence of both acute occlusive hydrocephalus and secondary truncal syndrome. The presence of the blood in the ventricular system was not fatal, but, in some cases, led to the improvement of the patients' state because of the decrease of the voluminal influence of the hematoma. Therapy of patients with hemorrhagic strokes must be differential and be determined by the size of the perifocal edema in the ischemic tissue, the state of the system of the hemostasis as well as the presence of angiospasm of intracerebral vessels. Combined administration of calcium antagonists, antioxidants, antiedemic and antiprostaglandin preparations was grounded.

Antioxidants↗