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Biomedical subjects

S KLEIN

Publications and source records attributed to S KLEIN.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1962

The effect of light intensity and sucrose feeding on the fine structure in chloroplasts and on the chlorophyll content of etiolated leaves.

Changes in the fine structure of proplastids of etiolated leaves exposed to various conditions of light and darkness for 24 and 48 hours were investigated, and the chlorophyll content of the leaves so treated was determined in vivo. The light treatments were given while the leaves were floated on tap water or on a 0.2 M sucrose solution. Leaves floated on water under low light intensity (2 foot-candles) were low in chlorophyll and contained plastids with concentric rows of vesicles. Transferring the leaves back to darkness resulted in the disappearance of the concentric rigs and re-formation of vesicular centers together with straight rows of vesicles and tubules, evenly spaced throughout the stroma. Chloroplasts of leaves floated on a sucrose solution under low light showed large vesicular centers together with stacks of rows of elongated tubules. The same chloroplast structure was found in leaves floated on a sucrose solution in the dark, after having been exposed to weak light for 24 hours. Chlorophyll content in these leaves was the same as in leaves floated on water under high light intensity, where the chloroplasts had normal grana and lamellae. The effect of the investigated factors on plastid development is discussed.

Chlorophyll↗
PubMed1961

Fine structure and pigment conversion in isolated etiolated proplastids.

Proplastids containing a prolamellar body were isolated from leaves of etiolated bean plants. The isolation methods do not necessarily lead to destruction of their submicroscopic structure and most of the isolated proplastids show well preserved outer membranes, lamellar strands, and the prolamellar body. Morphological intactness of the proplastids varies; certain leaf fractions contain single prolamellar bodies as well as proplastids. Since pellets after centrifugation between 350 g and 1000 to 3000 g contain intact proplastids and, as was shown by quantitative experiments, the same fractions show photoconversion of protochlorophyll to chlorophyll, it is supposed that the isolated particles probably retain many of the properties which are characteristic of them in situ. Isolated proplastids may thus be a valuable tool in investigations on the development of the photosynthetic apparatus.

Chlorophyll↗
PubMed1960

An electron microscopic investigation into the effect of EDTA on plant cell wall.

To study the effect of EDTA on cell wall structure and the reversal of this effect by uranyl ion, thin sections of pea root tips were examined in the electron microscope. EDTA is known to facilitate separation of the cells in root tips. When sections of fixed and embedded EDTA-treated roots are floated on a uranyl-acetate solution, a loose network is revealed that would seem to be cellulose. Incorporation of uranyl into the roots, if it occurs prior to fixation, brings about recementation of the cells. After such treatment, a marginal darker area and a median brighter one can be observed in the wall, and the whole structure appears more compact again. Comparison of the results of the various treatments suggests that cellulose-cementing material is dispersed throughout the entire wall, and that its distribution parallels that of cellulose.

Cell Wall↗
PubMed1960

The effect of low temperature on the development of the lamellar system in chloroplasts.

The influence of low temperature (3 degrees C.) on development of submicroscopic structure in plastids of Zea m. leaves was studied. Leaves from 8-day old etiolated plants, with plastids showing the prolamellar body and few lamellae, were floated for 1 day on tap water both in the dark and in the light, at 26 degrees C and at 3 degrees C. The structures remain unchanged in the dark, independent of temperature. Whereas in the light at 26 degrees C., normal development of parallel compound lamellae and formation of grana occurs, in light at 3 degrees C. ring structures are formed. Under the latter conditions protochlorophyll is converted to chlorophyll, although the in situ absorption maximum is different from the one for chlorophyll in plants grown in light at 26 degrees C. When leaves were transferred from light at 3 degrees C. to light at 26 degrees C., ring structures in the plastids disappeared and normal development occurred. The possibility is discussed that development of parallel-arranged compound lamellae is due both to photochemical and synthetic processes, involving not only accumulation of chlorophyll, but also synthesis of other compounds.

Chlorophyll↗