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Biomedical subjects

S Kaae

Publications and source records attributed to S Kaae.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Simple mastectomy with postoperative irradiation versus extended radical mastectomy in breast cancer. A twenty-five-year follow-up of a randomized trial.

From November 1951 to December 1957, all patients with untreated breast cancer admitted to the Radium Centre in Copenhagen were randomized before their operability was evaluated into two groups, if the patients were operable, viz. simple mastectomy with postoperative x-ray treatment or extended radical mastectomy. Twenty-five-year results are presented, showing no difference in survival or recurrence-free survival of the operable patients. Histological grading was performed in nearly all cases. Patients with grade 1 tumours had a better survival than grades 2 and 3, but there was no difference in survival between the two treatment groups, when histological grading was taken into account. Histological node positive patients had more grades 2 and 3, tumours, whereas node negative patients had more grade 1 than grades 2 and 3 tumours. Premenopausal women had a significantly better survival than postmenopausal in all stages.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1988

Prognostic factors in osteosarcomas. A regression analysis.

A multivariate regression analysis of survival data, using the Cox proportional hazards model (PHM), was performed on the retrospective material of 184 osteosarcoma patients treated at the Aarhus and Copenhagen oncology centers, Denmark, from 1963 to 1984. All patients were previously untreated. Radical surgery, in general ablative when possible, was the primary treatment goal throughout this period. A number of clinical and pathologic variables were tested in the model to elucidate their prognostic importance. Tumors localized to the trunk, pelvis, or femur, and symptom duration of less than 6 months were poor prognostic signs. Tumors dominated by fibroblastic cells and a patient age of approximately 25 to 30 years were associated with an especially good prognosis. The prognosis worsened with advancing age. Children, adolescents, and adults ages 5 to 25 years had significantly poorer prognosis than young adults 25 to 30 years of age. Sex, radiologic appearance, and year of referral had no significant prognostic value in this series. Based on the regression model, a prognostic index is derived and survival is calculated for a good and a poor prognostic case. The overall 10-year survival with one standard deviation was 28.6 +/- 3.5%. Cancer deaths continue to occur 10 years after initial treatment, and the estimated hazard rate is still four times greater than that of a sex- and age-matched group of healthy individuals.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Overview of randomized trials comparing radical mastectomy without radiotherapy against simple mastectomy with radiotherapy in breast cancer.

An overview of mortality in the mature randomized trials comparing radical mastectomy without radiotherapy against simple mastectomy with radiotherapy has been conducted. These trials mark a transitional period between radical mastectomy and simple mastectomy as the generally preferred surgical treatment and as such are not strictly trials assessing the value of postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy. All known mature trials have been included and these four trials have entered a total of 3236 patients, in whom 1678 deaths have been recorded. Overall, no significant difference in survival was seen, but there was a nonsignificant trend for patients given radiotherapy to do worse after 15 years of follow-up.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Ewing's tumor following bilateral retinoblastoma. A case report.

Retinoblastoma is found in a hereditary and nonhereditary form. Long survivors treated for the hereditary form seem to be predisposed for developing a second primary tumor later in life. The retinoblastoma genes are supposed to be responsible for this disposition. This report describes the development of a Ewing's tumor in a nine-year-old girl, who had both eyes removed in early life for retinoblastoma.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1983

Hereditary bilateral retinoblastoma, pinealoma and normal chromosomes. A case report.

We report a boy with bilateral, familial retinoblastoma recognized at the age of 3 months. At the age of 2 1/2 years the patient developed a tumour in the pineal region. Both tumours were successfully treated by radiation. The chromosomes were normal when examined by the prophase technique, in particular there was no deletion of band q14 of chromosome 13. We consider the simultaneous occurrence of retinoblastoma and pinealoma as more then a pure coincidence, probably a consequence of a generally increased susceptibility to cancer and of the histogenetic similarities of retina and pineal body.

Brain Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans. A clinico-pathological study of nineteen cases and review of world literature.

The clinical course, pathological features and response to treatment in a consecutive 16-years series of 19 cases of dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans were studied. A review of the world literature, comparing the results to ours too was performed. The tumour, occurring at every age and equally among females and males, most commonly involves the trunk without any particular pattern. The disease usually runs an indolent course and is too often regarded lightly by patients as well as physicians leading to delayed and often too conservative treatment. The tumour has definite invasive and metastatic potential and is considered a low grade soft tissue sarcoma. To avoid mutilating surgery (and maybe metastases) later in the course, the initial treatment must be wide surgical excision including a surrounding margin of at least 1 inch normal tissue. The removal of underlying deep fascia is essential and adequate resection will require a skin graft replacement in nearly every instance. Follow up periods should be no less than 3 years at the surgical and oncological service and should be continued at the general practitioners because tumours may recur after considerable periods of time, even in apparently adequately treated patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Histopathological grading in soft-tissue tumours. Relation to survival in 261 surgically treated patients.

A system for histopathological grading of malignancy in soft-tissue sarcoma is described in detail, and the importance of the grade of tumour in predicting survival is demonstrated in a consecutive series of 261 surgically treated patients with sarcoma of the somatic soft tissue. Mitosis index is the main discriminating criterion. Delay in fixation, for instance in large specimens, may cause an artificially low mitosis index calling for the need of other criteria, too, reflecting grade of malignancy: cellularity, anaplasia, number of pycnotic and/or fragmented nuclei. There is a significant difference in survival between the three grades, 10 years survival with surgical treatment alone is 97%, 57% and 29% for grades 1, 2 and 3 respectively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Familial medullary thyroid carcinoma in multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) IIa: diagnosis and problems in treatment.

A family with MEN IIa (medullary thyroid carcinoma (MCT), pheochromocytoma and hyperparathyroidism) was identified. Three relatives had been treated for MCT earlier. Eleven asymptomatic family members had elevated pentagastrin (PG)-stimulated serum immunoreactive calcitonin (i-CT) concentrations, including one who earlier had a pheochromocytoma removed. Nine of these subjects underwent thyroidectomy, and histological examination revealed multifocal MCT in all. Although surgery was judged complete in all, elevated PG-stimulated serum i-CT levels postoperatively indicated residual disease in 5. The natural history of MCTs in the present family varied, with most cases behaving benignly. Occasionally, however, the disease pursued an aggressive course. As MCT often metastasizes before being clinically evident, high cure rates can only be obtained by early diagnosis and treatment, possibly in the pre-metastasizing phase of C-cell hyperplasia, detectable only by elevated PG-stimulated serum i-CT levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Radiation treatment of retinoblastoma.

In a series of 45 children with retinoblastoma, from the period 1953-1973, comprising 27 bilateral cases, 32 eyes were treated by irradiation. The different techniques of radiation are reviewed. In the present series small tumours were irradiated by local application of Stallard discs or Rosengren balls, while advanced cases were treated by external radiation. The results are discussed, and it is emphasized that the major factor of importance for the success of the treatment is the size of the tumour. Small tumours are cured, large ones are not. Future efforts must be directed towards early diagnosis. The treatment should be centralized in order to secure sufficient experience for the ophthalmologist and radiotherapist, as evaluation of the post- radiation fundus findings may present difficulties.

Child, Preschool↗