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S Kakuta

Publications and source records attributed to S Kakuta.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Involvement of Fas/Fas ligand system-mediated apoptosis in the development of concanavalin A-induced hepatitis.

Concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis is an experimental hepatitis model in which hepatic injury is caused by the action of cytokines produced by T cells. Using IFN-gamma-deficient mice, we previously demonstrated that IFN-gamma plays a central role in Con A-induced hepatitis. Here, we show that development of the disease is completely suppressed in gld/gld mice, in which Fas ligand is defective. In contrast, suppression of the disease in Ipr/Ipr mice was incomplete, since a small amount of the fas mRNA was produced in these mice. The data indicate that activation of the Fas/Fas ligand system is a necessary step in the development of Con A-induced hepatitis. Furthermore, we found that not only fas but also caspase-1 expression was reduced in IFN-gamma-deficient mice. Since caspase-1 is an integral component of Fas signal transduction, these observations suggest that IFN-gamma-induced activation of both fas and caspase-1 expression causes enhancement of hepatocyte apoptosis resulting in the development of hepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Parvalbumin immunoreactive neurons in the main olfactory bulb of the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus.

The distribution, morphological features, and postnatal development of parvalbumin (PV) immunoreactive neurons in the main olfactory bulb (MOB) of the house musk shrew, Suncus murinus, were studied to report for the first time on PV positive bulbar interneurons in the order Insectivora. In adult animals, PV neurons are distributed in the glomerular layer (GL), the external plexiform layer (EPL), the internal plexiform layer (IPL) and the granule cell layer (GCL) of the MOB. These neurons were identified as a subpopulation of periglomerular cells and perinidal cells [Alonso et al., 1995] in the GL and at the GL-EPL border, respectively, and as bipolar and multipolar neurons in the EPL and four types of the interneurons (horizontal cells, Cajal cells, Golgi cells, and bitufted cells) in the layers deeper than the mitral cell layer. During development of PV neurons, neurons exhibiting extremely faint PV immunoreactivity first appeared in the GCL at postnatal day 14 and increased markedly in number and intensity of their PV immunoreactivity from postnatal days 14 to 28. At postnatal day 21, PV neurons were identified as periglomerular cells in the GL, perinidal cells at the GL-EPL border, and morphologically unidentifiable neurons in the EPL, IPL and GCL. At postnatal day 28, PV neurons exhibited a nearly adult pattern with respect to distribution and structural features. The present results strongly suggest that a wide variety of PV positive neurons in the MOB of the house musk shrew may develop postnatally.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like lesion with fibrillary deposition associated with multicentric Castleman's disease].

We report a case of a 65-year-old man presenting with multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) accompanied by membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis-like lesion with fibrillary deposits. The lesion was characterized by highly organized ultrastructual deposits that were negative for Congo-red stain and for immunoglobulin, light chain and C3. Thus, this renal lesion was considered histologically to be fibrillary glomerulonephritis presenting by light microscopy as mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis. To our knowledge, among the limited number of cases of renal lesion associated with MCD ever reported, this is the first case of a biopsy-proven fibrillary glomerulonephritis. Serum interleukin 6 (IL-6), known as an indicator of MCD activity and as an autocrine growth factor for mesangial cells, was chronologically measured. Augmentation of urinary IL-6 simultaneously with that of extra renal symptoms of MCD and associated renal disease may indicate an underlying role of this cytokine in the present case. Failure to detect of IL-6 in the glomeruli may support the notion that IL-6 is derived from extrarenal lymphonodi, and not to an in situ product of the glomeruli. However, it may have been related to glomerular injury.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

Clinical trial of recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for chemotherapy-induced neutropenia patients with oral cancer.

PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) in reducing neutropenia in patients with oral cancer undergoing intensive chemotherapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (< 1 x 10(9)/L) were divided into two groups: control group (n = 13) and rhG-CSF administration group (n = 16). rhG-CSF was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 75 micrograms/day on consecutive days. Peripheral blood cell counts and oral complications were investigated in each group. RESULTS: The duration of neutropenia and absolute neutrophil nadir counts were significantly improved by administration of G-CSF. No consistent effect on thrombocytopenia was noted. Administration of rhG-CSF also reduced the duration and degree of oral complications associated with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. Intolerable side effects associated with administration of rhG-CSF were not observed. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that rhG-CSF is effective in shortening the duration of neutropenia after chemotherapy at a dose of 75 micrograms/day.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[A case of anti-basement membrane (BM) mediated disease presenting renal and pulmonary symptoms by divergent timing].

A case of 49-year-old man with anti-GBM antibody and who manifested pulmonary and renal symptoms at divergent times. Thirty-six years previously, renal disease with unneglectable degree of proteinuria was noticed. One month before admission, he was found by chance to have elevated serum creatine (Scr); 3.4 mg/dl. At admission, his Scr was 13.7 mg/dl and Hb 12.7 g/dl, TP 5.2 g/dl with 3+ proteinuria and no glucosuria. He was a heavy smoker and remained so while admitted. Renal biopsy presented fibrocellular crescents in 100% of glomeruli with striking tubulointerstitial involvement. Immunofluorescence showed linear IgG deposition along the glomerular capillary wall. Hemodialysis was instituted, and after 13 hospital days, anti-GBM antibody at admission was high at 128 U, with negative PANCA. Plasmapheresis was also performed, but on the next day pulmonary hemorrhage occurred with a concomitant rise of anti-GBM to 250 U. Thus, steroid pulse therapy was conducted in combination with plasmapheresis. Pulmonary hemorrhage subsided along with lowering of anti-GBM (48 U), but renal failure persisted. The patient died of septicemia. Based on the clinical course of the case, the term "anti-BM mediated disease" may more properly delineate the entity of the disease rather than the classical eponym "Goodpasture's disease" which requires coexistence of pulmo- and renal manifestations for definition.

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease↗
PubMed1994

Expression of collagen species in a cartilaginous tumor derived from a human osteogenic sarcoma.

We have succeeded in transplanting human osteogenic sarcoma into nude mice. Morphologically, the transplanted tumor is chondrosarcoma and manifests calcification, but not ossification. This tumor is thought to be an excellent model for studying the process of morbid endochondral calcification. In this study, we have used in situ hybridization to examine expression of collagen type I, II, and III mRNAs in this tumor. In situ hybridization was carried out using biotinylated DNA probes. Hybridized probes were detected using a streptavidin-biotin-alkaline phosphatase reagent. The results showed that collagen type I and II mRNAs were produced by cells of the transplanted tumor. Collagen type I mRNA was chiefly localized in the marginal region of the tumor. Collagen type II mRNA, which was predominantly found in the premineralized region of the transplanted tumor, gradually decreased toward the mineralized region. Collagen type III mRNA was not expressed in the transplanted tumor. These results suggest that the character of progenitor chondrogenic cells might be transferred to the transplanted tumor, and that the tumor cells may change the expression of collagen genes with the differentiation or maturation.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effect of ethanol on the development and maturation of synapses in the rat hippocampus: a quantitative electron-microscopic study.

The effects of chronic ethanol administration on the development and maturation of synapses in the strata radiatum and lacunosum-moleculare of CA1 in the hippocampus were quantitatively examined in rats exposed to ethanol for the entire period of fetal life as well as the whole period of postnatal life. Synapse densities in the strata radiatum and lacunosum-moleculare of the ethanol-treated group were significantly lower than those of the control group at 2, 14, 21, and 70 days of age. However, the rates of density reduction did not change between either of the strata that receive different groups of afferent fibers. The ratio of axospinous to axoshaftic synapses also did not change between control and ethanol-treated groups. These data suggest that chronic administration of ethanol reduces the density of synapses in this area and that this effect is not specific to neither the type of afferent fibers nor the type of synapses.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Pharmacokinetics of meropenem in patients with various degrees of renal function, including patients with end-stage renal disease.

The pharmacokinetics of meropenem were studied after intravenous infusion in 13 patients grouped according to the impairment of their renal function. Creatinine clearance (CLCR) was greater than 50, 50 to 30, and less than 30 ml/min in groups I, II, and III, respectively. Two other groups, groups IV and V, each comprising four patients with end-stage renal disease (CLCR, < 5 ml/min), were also studied, the former on days off of hemodialysis and the latter on days of hemodialysis. The elimination half-lives of meropenem were 1.54 +/- 0.70 h in group I patients, 3.36 +/- 1.02 h in group II patients, and 5.00 +/- 1.05 h in group III patients. Cumulative urinary excretion accounted for 48.5% of the dose in group I patients and decreased progressively with a decline in renal function. Hemodialysis shortened the elimination half-life of meropenem from 7.0 h to 2.9 h. H-4295, the main metabolite of meropenem, had a peak level in plasma of 0.5 to 1.0 h in patients with renal failure. The level of H-4295 decreased with hemodialysis. The dosing interval of meropenem should be prolonged in a regular proportion to the decline in CLCR (12 h in group II patients and 24 h in group III patients). In patients receiving hemodialysis, dosing after each hemodialysis session is recommended.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Development of granule cells of the rat olfactory bulb: an autoradiographic and electron microscopic study.

The rate of migration of immature granule cells of the rat olfactory bulb and polarity of cell-organelles in the migrating granule cells were investigated by 3H-thymidine autoradiographic and electron microscopic methods. The time lag in migration between two points was determined by cross-correlation analysis of labeling indices of the two areas. Granule cells were estimated to take 6 days to migrate rostralwardly from the subependymal layer at the anterior wall of the lateral ventricle to the center of the bulb, and an additional 1 to 6 days to migrate radially from the subependymal layer to the granular layer of the bulb. These results showed that the rate of rostralward migration of granule cells was faster than that of their radial migration. Golgi-electron microscopic as well as routine electron microscopic studies on migrating granule cells revealed that centrioles and Golgi apparatus were located at the base of the leading process that possesses a growth cone at its tip.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Effects of reactive oxygen species scavenger and platelet activating factor receptor antagonist on accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis].

To elucidate the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in accelerated nephrotoxic nephritis (NTN), effects of SOD-mimic (Fe-TPAA) and anti-PAF (WEB-2086) on NTN were investigated. Three days after the preimmunization with normal rabbit IgG, anti-GBM rabbit IgG were administered unilaterally to the left kidney in order to examine the effect of circulating inflammatory factors by comparing with the contralateral kidney. Normal rabbit IgG were likewise injected to the control rats. Luminol amplified chemiluminescence (CL) assay of isolated glomeruli, histological examination and monoclonal antibody (anti LC-A Ab, anti PMN Ab, anti M phi Ab) positive-cell counting were performed in both kidneys. After induction of NTN, 3.4 mg/kg/day of Fe-TPAA and 2mg/kg/day of WEB-2086 were respectively administered by continuous injection using Osmotic pump. At day 7, glomerular CL and glomerular cellularity were both increased significantly in anti-GBM perfused kidney. Anti-rabbit IgG were also stained in the contralateral kidney, but clearly in lesser amount as compared with the anti-GBM perfused kidney, suggesting very slight glomerulonephritis may have occurred also in nonperfused kidney. While WEB-administration suppressed glomerular hypercellularity, CL and urinary protein, Fe-TPAA administration did only glomerular CL. Taking into account that dosing amount of Fe-TPAA was limited due to its toxicity, the effective ROS scavenging may not have been obtained. However, another possibility is proposed that WEB-2086 suppressed the development of glomerular lesion by not only inhibiting generation of ROS but also by release of other inflammatory factors.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Localization of types I, II, and X collagen in the transplanted tumor derived from human osteogenic sarcoma.

We have succeeded in transplanting human osteogenic sarcoma of the mandible into nude mice. As the transplanted tumor shows features of calcified chondrosarcoma, this tumor is thought to be an excellent model for study of the process of dystrophic endochondral calcification. Using this model, we studied relations between the expression of types I, II, and X collagen and chondrogenic differentiation of the transplanted tumor. Collagen distribution during the development and growth of the transplanted tumor was investigated by immunofluorescence with specific antibodies against type I, II or X collagen. Type X collagen was intensely stained in the mineralized region. Almost all tumor cells in this region were hypertrophic. Type II collagen was chiefly distributed in the unmineralized region where tumor cells showed chondrocytic or hypertrophic feature. These results indicate that the type of collagen changes from type II to type X in the hypertrophic region and the type X collagen may be synthesized by hypertrophic tumor cells. Type I collagen was localized in the marginal region of the tumor, though it disappeared in the mineralized region.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Plasmapheresis in conjunction with the dextran sulfate cellulose column for hypertriglyceridemic patient: a comparison with familial hypercholesterolemia.

For assessment of the usefulness of a dextran sulfate cellulose (DSC) column in the conduct of plasmapheresis (DSC lipoprotein adsorption, DSC-LA) for patients with hypertriglyceridemia on hemodialysis, a study was conducted to determine whether the adsorption of lipoproteins on a column varies in response to a variation in the lipoprotein composition. A patient with type V hyperlipoproteinemia on hemodialysis, a patient with type IIa homozygous, and a patient with type IIa heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia were used in this study. In all patients, apolipoprotein B- and E-containing lipoproteins were removed preferentially by a DSC column. Following DSC-LA, abdominal pain before DSC-LA in a patient with type V hyperlipoproteinemia subsided, and regression of tuberous and tendinous xanthomas was induced in familial hypercholesterolemia. In cases of hyperlipoproteinemia, this column thus appears to exert a therapeutic effect regardless of the type of disease.

Achilles Tendon↗