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Biomedical subjects

S Kanno

Publications and source records attributed to S Kanno.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[CT of the pelvic kidney].

Six cases of unilateral pelvic kidney are presented. CT features are summarized as follows: (1) an absence of a kidney in the renal fossa with normal sized opposite kidney: (2) a pelvic kidney whose hilus faces in various directions; and (3) homogeneous parenchymal enhancement and visualization of the pyelocalyceal system on post-contrast CT. In the study of suspected pelvic kidney, CT is a useful diagnostic tool.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Experimental study on the changes of bile acids and their fractions after liver ischemia].

Serum bile acids and their fractions in the systemic and portal vein were measured after liver ischemia of 0, 30, 60, and 90 minutes with extracorporeal venous bypass in 20 dogs. The following results were obtained: 1) Total concentration of bile acids in the serum rapidly increased during the ischemic phase because of extinction of enterohepatic circulation due to flow of portal blood into the systemic circulation. 2) Portal blood flow decreased after recirculation of the liver, and this decrease was more severe in the 90-minute ischemic group than in the 30- and 60-minute groups. 3) After recirculation, increased bile acids were taken up by hepatocytes, and their concentrations in the systemic vein decreased markedly. The 90-minute ischemic group had a significantly slower rate of decrease compared to the 30- and 60-minute groups. This was due to its significantly lower portal blood flow rate. 4) Hepatocyte dysfunction was suggested in the 90-minute ischemic group, since the uptake of bile acids into the liver, especially dihydroxy- and deconjugated bile acids, significantly decreased. These results indicate that measurement of serum bile acids and their fractions is useful for estimating the liver function after liver ischemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Laminar distribution of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, Area 17 and Area 18 of the visual cortex, and the superior colliculus of the cat.

The laminar distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was studied in certain structures of the visual system of the adult cat. A microassay method to measure GABA (10(-12) mol) was established using enzymatic cycling of NADP-NADPH. In the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, GABA concentration was highest in lamina A (average concentration 23 mmol/kg dry weight) and lowest in lamina C. In the visual cortex (Areas 17 and 18), the concentration of GABA was 10-12 mmol/kg dry weight in layers I-IV and 5-8 mmol/kg dry weight in layers V and VI. No significant difference was found in the GABA distribution in Areas 17 and 18. In the superior colliculus, the highest level of GABA was found in the upper part of the superficial gray layer (40 mmol/kg dry weight), whereas the deep layers contained GABA at a concentration of 23-28 mmol/kg dry weight. The results of the GABA distribution measurements revealed an orderly, layer-specific disposition of the neurotransmitter in the cat visual system. GABA may play an important role in the function of the visual system.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Fine distribution of gamma-aminobutyric acid, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and glutamic acid in the rabbit cerebellum.

The fine distribution of GABA, glutamic acid decarboxylase, and glutamic acid within each layer of the rabbit cerebellar cortex was determined with microanalytical methods. The greatest glutamic acid decarboxylase activity and the highest GABA concentration were found in the Purkinje cell layer. In the distribution of GABA and glutamic acid decarboxylase the peak of glutamic acid decarboxylase activity was more pronounced than that of GABA; the concentration of glutamic acid did not show much variation between each layer.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Biological basis for combined radio-chemotherapy in radioresistant tumors].

Human tumor cells such as melanoma or glioblastoma are intrinsically radioresistant on an average than cells of more common tumors in radiotherapy such as squamous cell carcinoma or adenocarcinoma. Mean inactivation dose (D) for glioblastoma A-7 cells was 3.1 Gy for cells growing exponentially, but was 4.3 Gy for cells grown in large spheroids with hypoxic cells and PLD recovery. The D for cells of squamous cell carcinoma was about 2.1 Gy. This indicates that local control of the radioresistant tumors may be achieved if a drug showing an enhancement ratio of about 2.0. Data on our experiments with others in the literature indicate that drugs which selectively sensitize hypoxic cells and inhibit PLD recovery may be useful to increase the therapeutic ratio. Experimental evidence on a nitrosourea, ACNU has been presented for such mechanisms of the action. Multivariate analysis with Cox's model on malignant gliomas of 209 patients indicated that a significant increase in the survival time was obtained in the radiotherapy combined with ACNU.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1987

[Effects of acid-base balance and Apgar score on fibrinopeptide A and fibrinopeptide B beta 15-42 in umbilical cord blood].

Previous studies on asphyxia neonatorum show that the infant's blood is in a state of hypercoagulability at such a time. In the present study, we determined the amount of fibrinopeptide A (FPA) and fibrinopeptide B beta 15-42 (FPB beta), new sensitive indicators of the coagulation-fibrinolytic system, in the newborn, and examined their relationship to the acid-base balance in umbilical artery blood in elective cesarean section and vaginal delivery, as well as to the Apgar score (Ap. S). In addition, the findings in umbilical cord blood were then compared with those in the blood of normal adults. The results were as follows: In vaginal delivery, infants with Ap. S at 5-7, pH, had significantly lower HCO-3 and BE readings lower while PCO2 was significantly increased, which indicated respiratory and metabolic acidosis. In the vaginal delivery group, FPA was significantly increased in infants with pH under 7.24, PCO2 over 50 mmHg, BE under -8 and Ap. S at 5-7, and as well as in infants in the elective cesarean section group with Ap. S at 5-7. This suggests that the production of thrombin is accelerated if the fetus is asphyxiated. FPB beta was not significantly different among groups. However, FPB beta was significantly higher in various vaginal delivery groups than in the elective cesarean section group (Ap. S greater than or equal to 8), which implies acceleration of the production of plasmin and fibrinolysis in vaginal delivery. FPA and FPB beta were markedly increased in umbilical cord blood as compared with the blood of normal adults. This suggests that blood coagulation and fibrinolysis were accelerated in umbilical cord blood.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1986

Chemical and crystallographic studies on 33 cases of calcium carbonate gallstone (so-called limy bile).

Chemical analyses by atomic absorption spectrophotometry and crystallographic studies by the X-ray powder diffraction method and infrared spectrometry (KBr-disk method) were made on 33 cases of calcium carbonate gallstone or so-called limy bile. Chemically, calcium carbonate was the major constituent, ranged from 33.7 to 91.6% and averaged 77.8%. Crystallographically, calcium carbonate has three different polymorphic crystalline forms; calcite, aragonite and vaterite. In nature the most stable calcite (hexagonal) is most commonly found and aragonite (rhombic) is next. On the other hand vaterite, which is unstable hexagonal modification, rarely occurs in biological systems. But in our gallstone series in man, aragonite was most commonly found, with an occurrence rate of 90.6%, while that of calcite was 62.5%. Even vaterite was found in 28.1%. Moreover three cases contained all three forms of calcium carbonate polymorphs; calcite, aragonite and vaterite. This was a very unusual condition. Some environmental factors controlling the growth of these crystals, such as specificity of the bile, are suggested.

Calcium Carbonate↗
PubMed1986

[Relation between fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in malignant fluids and the fibrinolytic activity of the peritoneum].

The mechanism of production of fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in malignant fluid was investigated. Levels of FDP in three malignant fluids were high (1200-3000 mcg/ml), but they declined to about 500 mcg/ml after anti cancer treatment. The average levels of FDP in 12 malignant fluids were almost the same as those in nine benign fluids. In a vitro experiment, the fibrinolytic activity of the peritoneum was found to be much higher than that of the tumor. In conclusion, production of FDP in fluid is more closely related to the fibrinolytic activity of the peritoneum than that of the tumor. Intracavitary administration of antifibrinolytic agents is thought to be effect for malignant effusion.

Ascitic Fluid↗
PubMed1985

Effect of DNA-damaging agents on DNA replication and cell-cycle progression of cultured mouse mammary carcinoma cells.

The effects of DNA-crosslinking agents (mitomycin C and cisplatin), a DNA-intercalating agent (adriamycin) and monofunctional psoralen adducts (4-methyl-4',5'-dihydropsoralen plus near-UV radiation or 8-methoxypsoralen plus narrow band 395 nm light) on DNA replication and cell-cycle progression of cultured mouse mammary carcinoma cells were studied and compared at a dose of each agent sufficient to cause complete inhibition of cell growth. In cells treated with the DNA-crosslinking agents, inhibition of incorporation of [8H]thymidine occurred progressively upon incubation of the treated cells, and finally the cells were arrested at the G2 phase. However, although the mode of inhibition of DNA replication or cell-cycle traverse was the same as that of the crosslinking agents, adriamycin did not completely block cell progression at the G2 phase and some of the cells entered the G1 phase. In contrast to these agents, monofunctional psoralen adducts inhibited DNA replication immediately after treatment and no shift in the distribution of cells in the cell-cycle was observed during incubation. These results suggested different responses of the cells to different types of DNA damage.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Determination of the herbicides paraquat and diquat in blood and urine by gas chromatography.

A gas chromatographic method is described for determining paraquat (I) and diquat (II) in human blood and urine. I or II was readily precipitated as its reineckate complex (III and IV) by addition of Reinecke reagent, although blood required deproteination with 3.4% perchloric acid or 10% trichloroacetic acid. The precipitation is completed in 1 h at room temperature. III and IV were easily reduced by treatment with a mixture of sodium borohydride and nickel(II) chloride to afford corresponding perhydrogenated products, 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipiperidine (V) from III and trans- and cis-perhydrodipyrido[1,2-a:2',1'-c] pyrazine (VI) from IV. The perhydrogenated products were determined by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) without interference from the original components of the blood and urine. The GLC method (5% potassium hydroxide solution with 5% Apiezon L on Chromosorb W AW DMCS) is suitable for simultaneous determination with hydrogen flame-ionization detection in the range 1-70 micrograms/ml (0.7-50.7 micrograms/ml as I ion; 0.5-35.6 micrograms/ml as II ion) of I and II in blood and urine. The method could be applicable to the determination of the chemicals in postmortem tissue and as pollutants in soils.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1984

[Clinical studies of cefotaxime in infections in internal medicine].

Clinical studies on a new cephalosporin antibiotic, cefotaxime (CTX) were carried out in 79 patients with various types of infections in internal medicine. The efficacy rates were 65.8% in 39 cases of respiratory tract infections, 94.1% in 17 cases of biliary tract infections, 75.0% in 12 cases of urinary tract infections, 80.0% in 11 cases of other infections, and 75.3% in all cases. After CTX therapy, body temperature was improved in 76.7% of all 79 patients, particularly being excellent in all cases of biliary tract infections. Furthermore, symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, chest pain, moist rale and anorexia were improved to a great degree after CTX therapy. Adverse reactions and abnormal laboratory findings consisted of mild liver injury in 1 out of 79 cases. CTX was assessed to be an effective antibiotic for various types of infections in internal medicine.

Adult↗