Biomedical subjects

S Katagiri

Publications and source records attributed to S Katagiri.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed1992

Impaired suppressor function of T cells induced by autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Autologous mixed lymphocyte reaction (AMLR)-induced suppressor function was studied in 12 patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The function was found to be significantly impaired (20 +/- 55%; p less than 0.005) compared with normal subjects (69 +/- 25%). AMLRs in these patients were significantly decreased (p less than 0.05) compared with normal subjects. There was no significant correlation between AMLR-induced suppressor function and platelet counts. Nine patients were studied for AMLR-induced suppressor function before and after splenectomy. The platelet counts increased significantly as a result of splenectomy, but the AMLR-induced suppressor function showed no significant improvement. The results of this study suggest that suppressor dysfunction in ITP may be an immunologic defect irrespective of disease activity. We consider that this abnormality may reflect in vivo failure of the immunoregulatory (feedback) mechanism in ITP.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

Growth inhibition of RPMI 8226 human myeloma cells by peripheral blood lymphocytes.

To clarify the components of cellular immunity responsible for defense against the clonal development of myeloma cells, we tested the capacity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to inhibit the growth of 3 human myeloma cell lines (RPMI 8226, OPM-1, and OPM-2). RPMI 8226 was found to be sensitive to PBLs, showing almost complete growth arrest when cultured with PBLs for 72 h. Inhibition of the growth of RPMI 8226 cells required direct cell-to-cell contact but not presensitization of the PBLs to the target cells, and did not depend on the generation of soluble factors. CD3+, CD4-, CD8- and CD16- cells were found to be the major subset contributing to inhibition of the growth of RPMI 8226 cells, and this growth inhibition was cytostatic rather than cytotoxic. These characteristics distinguished it from growth inhibition mediated by the natural killer system. Impaired PBL-mediated growth inhibition of RPMI 8226 cells was found in patients with various hematologic diseases, including myeloma. It therefore appears that the CD3+, CD4-, CD8- and CD16- cell subset might be involved in tumor immunity in myeloma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1992

[Effect of diaphragmatic fatigue on ventilatory response to carbon dioxide].

To clarify the effect of respiratory muscle fatigue on ventilatory response to carbon dioxide, we performed CO2 rebreathing study before and after diaphragmatic fatigue in nine healthy males. Diaphragmatic fatigue was induced by inspiratory resistor loading and confirmed by the increase in Tension Time Index and the decrease in Pdi max at FRC. The effects of diaphragmatic fatigue were as follows: 1) S and B value of VE-CO2 curve did not change. 2) P1-CO2 curve shifted to the left but the slope of the curve did not change. 3) delta Ppl response to CO2 decreased, but delta Pdi response to CO2 did not change. 4) The increase in respiratory accessory muscle EMG was more prominent, compared to diaphragmatic EMG. 5) Rib cage movement became more marked. In conclusion, diaphragmatic fatigue (with 60 percent decrease in Pdi max at FRC) does not affect on ventilatory response to carbon dioxide. To maintain the homeostasis of the chemical ventilatory feedback system, diaphragmatic dysfunction is compensated by the increased activity of respiratory accessory muscles with possible increase in neural drive.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

A histological study of changes in the lingual papillae of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

This study examined the effect of experimental diabetes mellitus on the dorsal tongue of rats which were made diabetic by tail-vein injections of streptozotocin (50 mg/kg) and then raised for either 5 or 10 months. Lingual papillae were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy. Morphological changes in lingual mucosal capillaries in 10-month diabetic rats were observed by electron microscopy (TEM). In the study of cellular movement in the lingual dorsal epithelium, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was applied as a tracer for studying DNA replication. In diabetic rats, lingual papillae showed morphological atrophic changes. The lingual mucosal capillaries' alterations included endothelial cells with numerous cell projections into the lumen, degenerated cell organs, increased basement membrane width, and narrowed capillary lumen. BrdU labeling index among the basal cells was reduced in diabetic rats which indicates a possible retardation of their epithelial-tissue activity. In diabetes mellitus, direct metabolic disturbances to the epithelia because of insulin deficiency first occurred, successively diabetic microangiopathy appeared on the lingual mucosal capillaries. The appearance of diabetic microangiopathy caused tissue hypoxia, which induced atrophic changes to the epithelia.

Animals↗

PubMed1992

[A case of malignant localized visceral pleural mesothelioma].

We experienced malignant localized mesothelioma of which origin was visceral pleura. According to, 1) the preoperative chest X-ray and chest CT which showed extra-pleural sign, 2) the rapid tumor growth, and 3) the result from needle biopsy, we diagnosed malignant localized mesothelioma of which origin was parietal pleura. Surgical treatment was performed, and diagnosed that its origin was visceral pleura. The tumor invaded the lung. It is dangerous to diagnose by means of needle biopsy because of malignant cell implantation. We recommend that firstly the surgical treatment should be carried out for malignant mesothelioma, which needs extended resection for preventing its recurrence.

Humans↗

PubMed1992

[A new counting method of airborne Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen allergens by immunoblotting using anti-Cry j I monoclonal antibody].

We produced monoclonal antibodies against the major allergen of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen, Cry j I. KW-S10 antibody reacted only with Japanese cedar pollen and KW-S91 antibody reacted to most angiospermae pollens as well as Japanese cedar pollen. Using these antibodies, we devised a new counting method of Japanese cedar pollen allergen particles by an immunoblotting technique. Airborne pollen allergens were collected on vaseline coated glass slides or Burkard's sampling tape and were transferred onto polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) membranes. The membranes were treated with anti-Cry j I monoclonal antibody conjugated with alkaline phosphatase. Pollen allergens were detected as spots on the membranes after staining with phosphatase substrate (BCIP/NBT). This method using KW-S10 antibody measured only the amounts of allergen from Japanese cedar pollen, while with KW-S91 antibody, the method measured the amounts of pollens which have antigenicity in common with Japanese cedar pollen.

Allergens↗

PubMed1992

[An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitation of the major allergen from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen, Cry j I, using monoclonal antibodies].

We have developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using two anti-Cry j I monoclonal antibodies (KW-S10 and KW-S131) for the quantitation of the major allergen from Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria Japonica) pollen, Cry j I. Polystyrene microplates coated with KW-S131 were incubated with pollen allergen extracts. Cry j I, which bound to the antibody, was detected with alkaline phosphatase-conjugated KW-S10 using chromogenic enzyme substrate. Cry j I could be measured in concentration of between 0.16 and 2.5 ng/ml by this assay. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were 1.1-3.5% and 0.9-4.6%, respectively. This assay was considered that it was specific for Cry j I of Japanese cedar pollen because it didn't react with allergens of hinoki (Chamaecypairs obtusa) pollen which have antigenicity in common to Japanese cedar pollen. This assay would be useful for the standardization of Japanese cedar pollen allergen extracts.

Allergens↗

PubMed1992

[Brief counting method of airborne Cryptomeria japonica pollen by a combination of fluorescence antibody staining and flow cytometry].

Airborne pollens collected in a pollen collector (Virtual Impactor) was treated with a fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled monoclonal antibody (KW-S10) which was strictly specific to Japanese cedar pollen antigen (Cry j I). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the intensity of fluorescence of the pollen samples treated with the antibody was greater than that of non-treated reference pollen or the antibody treated Hinoki-cypress pollen. By use of this method, it may be possible to display the airborne pollen concentration within 20 min after sampling.

Air↗

PubMed1992

[Clinico-pathological study of collagen-related pulmonary lesions in cases of open lung biopsy].

We studied the clinico-pathological correlation of collagen disease-related pulmonary lesions to examine the pathological and radiological features of collagen lung, and the effect of steroid therapy. Ten open lung biopsy cases were examined; 4 male, and 6 female. The mean age was 55 years old. Seven cases developed pulmonary shadows after the diagnosis of collagen disease, and 3 cases showed pulmonary shadow prior to diagnosis. Pathologically, 6 cases proved to be bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP), 3 cases were chronic interstitial pneumonia (UIP), and 1 case was acute interstitial pneumonia. All cases had inflammatory thickening of the interstitium involving the pleura, bronchial wall, and perivascular connective tissue. Half of the cases had bronchiolar inflammatory lesions. Radiologically BOOP cases showed either localized ground glass shadows, or diffuse reticulonodular shadows predominantly in the lower lung fields with shrinkage of affected areas. UIP cases showed reticulonodular shadows, and active UIP cases showed overlapping ground glass shadows. Steroids were administered in cases of BOOP and active UIP, and all cases showed improvement. We consider that open lung biopsy is of use in the diagnosis of some cases and in assessing whether steroid therapy is indicated.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Monocytoid B-cell lymphoma arising in extranodal organs.

Six cases of monocytoid B-cell lymphoma (MBCL) developing in extranodal sites (thyroid, three; stomach, two; rectum, one) are described. Patients were all women aged 46 to 65 years (median, 53 years). Three patients with thyroid lymphoma presented with an increasing goiter, two with positive serum antithyroid antibodies, and one patient had chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLTH). The histologic type of surgically resected specimens was a diffuse proliferation of atypical lymphoid cells with monocytoid appearance, i.e., abundant pale cytoplasm with distinct cell border and small reniform nucleus. These cells were CD20+, 22+, 24-, 9- showing their B-cell origin. The monoclonal nature of the proliferating cells was confirmed by restricted expression of immunoglobulin (Ig) light chain and/or gene rearrangement study in three cases. Two cases of thyroid lymphoma in which the monoclonality could not be confirmed had histologic appearances characteristic of malignant lymphoma. All three patients with gastric or rectal lymphoma had reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (RLH) near the tumors. These findings showed presence of MBCL in the extranodal sites with invariable coexistence with lymphoid follicles formed by CLTH in thyroid or RLH in stomach and rectum.

Aged↗

PubMed1991

Epitope changes on the haemagglutinin molecule of recently isolated H1N1 influenza viruses.

We have studied changes of epitopes on the haemagglutinin molecule (HA) of H1N1 influenza viruses isolated between 1977 and 1986. For this purpose monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were raised against the HA of the influenza A/England/333/80 and A/Yamagata/120/86 strain viruses. In order to define the amino acid residues responsible for the change of epitopes, we prepared several HA cDNAs modified by site-directed mutagenesis and cloned them into a simian virus 40 expression vector (SVHA). The substitution of glycine with serine at position 125c (suffix indicates presence in H1 but not in H3 subtype HAs) on the HA of the influenza A/USSR/90/77 strain virus resulted in the loss of epitope 110 (epitopes were named after MAbs) and created new epitopes 139 and 15, which were observed on the HA of A/England/333/80 and a few isolates from 1983. These new epitopes disappeared from the HA in some of the isolates in 1983 and most of the isolates in 1984 and 1986. The disappearance of epitopes 139 and 15 seems to be associated with the loss of epitope W18, which was identified on the HA of A/USSR/90/77. We suggested previously that amino acid residue 189 was involved in epitope W18. We therefore expressed an HA protein with two amino acid substitutions at positions 189 and 125c and found that the conversion of glutamine to lysine at position 189 in SVHA-67 prevented the expression of epitopes 139 and 15.

Animals↗

PubMed1991

Detection of Bacillus cereus flagellar antigen by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

A serological typing scheme of Bacillus cereus has been developed by immunochemical analyses of flagellar antigen using an agglutination method. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the classification of flagellar serotype of Bacillus cereus had greater sensitivity. 10-500 times, than that of agglutination method. The specificity of flagellar antigen and antibody was determined by immunogold electron microscopy and ELISA inhibition assay. Application of ELISA is useful for the detection of the small amounts and many kinds of antigen-antibody reactions.

Agglutination Tests↗

PubMed1991

Existence of exine-free airborne allergen particles of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) pollen.

We investigated whether exine-free pollen allergen particles exist together with the intact pollen grains of Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) in the air during the pollen season in Yamagata City. First, we separated the allergen particles in an Andersen multi-stage air-sampler according to their aerodynamic diameters. The amount of major allergen (Cry j I) on each stage of the sampler was determined by a sensitive fluorometric sandwich ELISA, and the pollen count of the same samples was done by light microscopy after Carberla staining. Cry j I was found in stages 1 to 6, whereas most of intact and ruptured pollen grains were microscopically observed only in stages 1 and 2. Second, we suctioned the air through a tandem membrane filter system (the first filter, Nuclepore filter with 5 microns-pores; and the second, Millipore filter with 0.3 micron-pores). None of the pollen grains was detectable on the 0.3 micron-pore filter with light microscopy. However, Cry j I was detectable in the aqueous extract from the second filter. From these results, we concluded that pollen-free Cry j I existed in the air of Yamagata City during the pollen season.

Air Pollutants↗

PubMed1991

Immunologic and immunohistochemical studies on chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis with or without thyroid lymphoma.

The local immunologic phenomena in the thyroid gland of 16 patients with chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLTH) were investigated; 5 of these cases were associated with thyroid non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). All patients were admitted because of struma, growing slowly in patients with CLTH alone and rapidly in those with associated thyroid NHL. CLTH was confirmed by histologic findings, including the presence of lymphoid follicles or thyroid autoantibodies in the serum in all 16 patients. Immunologic study revealed that all thyroid NHL were of the B cell type. Surface maker study of suspended cells showed that the percentages of E-rosette-forming cells in patient with CLTH and thyroid NHL (38.0 +/- 10.0%) and in patients with CLTH alone (45.0 +/- 11.9%) were between those of B cell NHL of lymph node and B cell hyperplasia reported by others. Immunohistochemical studies confirmed the reactive nature of lymphoid follicles. Subset distribution of T and B lymphocytes in patients with CLTH and thyroid NHL markedly contrasted with that in patients with CLTH alone: an increased ration of CD8+ cells (suppressor/cytotoxic cell) to CD4+ cells (helper/inducer cell). There was a marked increase in the number of immunosuppressive acidic-protein(IAP)-containing macrophages in the thyroid lesion and serum IAP level in patients with thyroid NHL. These findings provide evidence of a difference in the local immunologic conditions in CLTH alone compared to CLTH complicated by thyroid NHL.

Adult↗

PubMed1991

Antigenic analysis of recent H1N1 influenza viruses with monoclonal antibodies.

Antigenic analysis of recently isolated H1 influenza viruses was performed using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay with monoclonal antibodies to the haemagglutinin (HA) subunit. Tests using monoclonal antibodies against the HA of the A/England/333/80 (H1N1) and A/Yamagata/120/86 (H1N1) viruses revealed that the major antigenic drift occurred in 1985 or 1986 and A/Dunedin/6/83-like virus became a major strain after 1986.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗

PubMed1991

PMSG profiles in superovulated and anti-PMSG antiserum treated mice and heifers with enzymeimmunoassay.

A sandwich enzymeimmunoassay (EIA) for pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) using a microtiter plate was developed. Sensitivity of the assay to PMSG was 15.6 mIU/ml (0.2 ng/well). The PMSG levels in serum were measured with the EIA in superovulated and anti-PMSG rabbit antiserum treated mice and heifers. In mice, the PMSG blood level was measurable in the serum 4-6 days after intraperitoneal injection of 5-30 IU of PMSG. The administration of anti-PMSG antiserum at the same dose level as PMSG caused a rapid decrease in the PMSG blood level, declining to undetectable levels within 17 hours. In heifers, the PMSG level was measurable at 10-11 days after the injection of 2500 or 3000 IU of PMSG. When antiserum was injected 48 hours after the PMSG injection, the clearance rate of PMSG was affected by the route of the administration. The administration of 3000 units of anti-PMSG antiserum intravenously caused a rapid decline and the disappearance of circulating PMSG within 17 hours. When 3000 units of anti-PMSG antiserum was injected intra-muscularly, the PMSG blood level also decreased and became unmeasurable 24 hours after administration; however, it was still detectable for up to 17 hours. These results indicate that the administration of anti-PMSG antiserum at the proper timing and dosage could lead to successful superovulation through the improvement of hormonal conditions.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Establishment and characterization of a new human B-cell line (ONHL-1) from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: constant expression of bcl-2 gene during mitogen-induced growth inhibition.

A new B-cell line (ONHL-1) was established from non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. ONHL-1 was free from Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen and expressed CD20, CD24, and slg (mu, delta, gamma and kappa), thus being equivalent to the mature B-cell stage. Chromosome analysis revealed a markedly abnormal pattern including 14q+ and 6q-. In accordance with the positive expression of surface kappa light chains, one of the kappa genes was found to be rearranged. However, rearrangement of the lambda locus was also detected, contrary to the supposed hierarchy for the rearrangement of the light-chain genes. Further, the rearranged fragments of the JH, C lambda, and bcl-2 genes were of the same size in the EcoRI and HindIII digests on the same filter. This may suggest that the bcl-2 gene is juxtaposed with the JH and C lambda locus. The proliferation of ONHL-I was inhibited by adding Staphylococcus aureus Cowan 1 or 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate. During this growth inhibition, the expression of c-myc decreased, while that of bcl-2 mRNA remained steady. This result suggests that not the bcl-2 gene but other oncogenes, such as c-myc, play a key role in the proliferation of ONHL-1. This agrees with the hypothesis that the bcl-2 gene is not concerned with aggressive proliferation but with cell survival. This new cell line will therefore be of value in studying the differentiation and tumorigenesis of B cells.

Cell Division↗

PubMed1990

Glucocorticoid effects on myeloma cells in culture: correlation of growth inhibition with induction of glucocorticoid receptor messenger RNA.

Glucocorticoids are widely used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. To investigate the direct actions of glucocorticoids on myeloma cells, we have used three cell lines of human multiple myeloma, OPM-1, OPM-2, and RPMI 8226. When growth curves of these cells were examined, OPM-1 cells were resistant, while OPM-2 were sensitive to dexamethasone (DEX). In cultures of OPM-2 cells, addition of DEX led to virtual cessation of growth, with only 16% of the residual cells viable after 4 days. RPMI 8226 appeared to be slightly sensitive, showing some slowing of growth for several days in DEX, with later recovery. Viabilities of OPM-1 and RPMI 8226 cells were not affected. Secretion of immunoglobulin (Ig-lambda) was also partially suppressed, by 30% in OPM-2 and 14% in OPM-1. No significant suppression was observed in RPMI 8226. To explore the mechanism of these differential responses to the steroid, glucocorticoid receptor (GR) was examined. Binding assays showed high affinity binding sites in all three cell lines: 64 +/- 11 fmol/10(6) cells in OPM-1, 78 +/- 14 in OPM-2, and 62 +/- 16 in RPMI 8226. Nuclear transfer of GR and DNA-cellulose binding after heat activation appeared similar in all three cell lines. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of cytosol proteins labeled with [3H]dexamethasone mesylate showed a GR of Mr 95,000 in all three. When GR mRNA was studied in these cells, all of them had GR mRNA of approximately 7 kilobases, but OPM-2 and RPMI 8226 had 3 times more GR mRNA than OPM-1. OPM-2 GR mRNA was induced 2-fold by DEX treatment at 5 x 10(-9) M or greater. OPM-1 GR mRNA was much less sensitive, with no response at less than 10(-6) M DEX and only 1.5-fold induction at that concentration. These results demonstrate that some myeloma cells can be killed by a direct action of glucocorticoids. The quantity and affinity of GR in the cells were not predictive of this response. Therefore, we propose that the resistance of OPM-1 and the relative resistance of RPMI 8226 to glucocorticoid inhibition of cell growth is by post-receptor mechanisms. The high sensitivity of induction of GR mRNA in OPM-2 may correlate with glucocorticoid-evoked cell kill.

Blotting, Northern↗