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Biomedical subjects

S Katariya

Publications and source records attributed to S Katariya.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Gallbladder varices in portal vein thrombosis.

OBJECTIVE: We performed a prospective study to determine the frequency that gallbladder varices are seen on duplex sonograms of patients with portal vein thrombosis. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Findings of gallbladder wall varices were sought on duplex Doppler sonograms of 74 patients with portal vein thrombosis. The diagnosis of portal vein obstruction was made on the basis of sonographic or splenoportographic findings. RESULTS: Sonography showed gallbladder varices in 22 (30%) of 74 patients. Varices were defined as anechoic, serpentine areas in the wall of the gallbladder showing venous flow on Doppler imaging. However, no gallbladder varices were detected in six patients who had patent surgical splenorenal shunts. Gallbladder varices did not correlate with the site and extent of portal vein thrombosis, the presence of a spontaneous (natural) splenorenal shunt, or endoscopic obliteration of varices. CONCLUSION: Gallbladder varices are common in patients with portal thrombosis. Awareness of gallbladder varices should increase the surgeon's caution during biliary tract surgery in patients with portal hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Sonography in pyogenic meningitis.

In this prospective study to evaluate usefulness of ultrasonography for early diagnosis and monitoring of complications of acute pyomeningitis, we performed serial sonographic examinations of skull in 50 infants (with open fontanelle) with proven pyomeningitis. One or more abnormal sonographic findings were detected in 32 infants. These were echogenic sulci (26%), ventriculomegaly with some or other complication (26%), brain abscess (20%), ventriculitis (14%), subdural effusion (6%) and cerebral edema (10%), and were detected mostly after the first week of illness. Ultrasonographic findings were in complete agreement with CT scan diagnosis of ventriculomegaly, ventriculitis, solitary brain abscess and cerebral edema. However, sonography missed cases of subdural effusion (2 out of 5), multiple brain abscesses (1 out of 2), and cerebral infarction (all the four), which were detected on CT Scan. Serial sonographic findings were useful in documenting progressive increase in ventricular size in all the 13 infants with ventriculomegaly and monitoring response to anti-edema therapy in 5 infants with cerebral edema. Sonography is a useful tool for diagnosis of complications of pyomeningitis after the first week of illness, and for monitoring the progress of ventriculomegaly.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

Fetus in fetu.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Female↗
PubMed1991

Clinical & bacteriological profile of neonatal pneumonia.

In a prospective study of 44 neonates (33 outborn and 11 inborn) with pneumonia, the bacteriology of pneumonia was determined by blood culture and serum counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP). Twenty-nine babies also underwent lung aspiration. The lung aspirate was subjected to bacterial culture and CIEP. CIEP was done to detect the bacterial antigens of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae. Absence of tachypnoea, found more commonly in low birth weight babies, was a poor prognostic sign. Low birth weight babies had a significantly higher mortality than babies with normal birth weight. Altogether, a bacterial etiology of neonatal pneumonia could be established in 25 cases (56.7%). In 10 babies, Strep. pneumoniae antigen was detected in serum and/or lung aspirate. Micro-organisms were cultured from blood and/or lung aspirate from 17 babies. Eleven babies (25%) grew Gram negative bacteria. The common bacteria identified in decreasing order of frequency were Strep. pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Acinatobacter lowfii, Staph. aureus, Pseudoamonas aeruginosa etc. All the Gram negative bacteria as well as staphylococci were sensitive to amikacin while only 23.5 per cent was sensitive to gentamicin. All staphylococci isolated were sensitive to methicillin.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1991

Ultrasound in choledocholithiasis.

Twenty-five patients of obstructive jaundice due to choledocholithiasis, were prospectively evaluated by ultrasonography and cholangiography. Ultrasound could demonstrate choledocholithiasis in 10 patients (40%). Choledocholithiasis in non-dilated ducts could be demonstrated only in one patient. All cases were diagnosed by cholangiography. Ultrasound, though an accepted modality of choice for diagnosing cholelithiasis, has a limited role in the diagnosis of choledocholithiasis. Ultrasonography (USG) is the screening modality of choice to distinguish obstructive from non-obstructive jaundice. It is highly accurate in the diagnosis of cholelithiasis but its role in detection of choledocholithiasis is less clear. Choledocholithiasis complicates 10% of all cases of cholecystitis and occurs in 2-4% of postcholecystectomy patients. The present study deals with the diagnostic value of USG in cases of choledocholithiasis subjected to USG prior to cholangiography and surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

A randomized trial of fully intermittent vs. daily followed by intermittent short course chemotherapy for childhood tuberculosis.

Fully intermittent short course chemotherapy regimens have been used successfully in adults but not in children. We report the results on 76 children with tuberculosis, excluding central nervous system tuberculosis and primary pulmonary complex. Isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide were used for treatment. They were randomly allocated to Regimen A (52 doses) and Regimen B (94 doses). Overall efficacy of both schedules was greater than 95% in 27 children with lymphatic, 43 with pulmonary and 6 with disseminated tuberculosis. Compliance in 10 children after 2 to 4 months of therapy was poor because rapid improvement was mistaken by parents for cure. Two children died, probably of underlying lung disease. Follow-up for up to 2 years did not reveal any case of relapse or recurrence of the disease. Therapy for 6 months involving administration of only 52 or 94 doses of drugs was found to be economical, effective and safe for treating children with tuberculosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Simple clinical signs of lower respiratory infection.

We studied the reliability of some simple clinical signs in the diagnosis of paediatric lower respiratory infection (LRI). Seventy infants and 148 children attending the outpatient department for cough of less than 15 days duration were studied. These children were examined by a paediatrician, and a proforma of simple clinical signs of LRI was filled in. A chest X-ray was taken on the same day and interpreted by a radiologist who did not know the clinical features of the patient. Clinical signs were then compared with X-ray changes, the latter being taken to indicate the presence of LRI. Respiratory rates of greater than 40/min in infants and greater than 30/min in older children were found to be the best indicators of LRI as revealed by a receiver-operating-characteristic curve. Chest indrawing and nasal flaring were found to be associated with moderate and severe disease.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Ultrasound in obstructive jaundice.

One hundred and twenty-five consecutive patients with obstructive jaundice were prospectively studied by ultrasonography to determine the level and cause of obstruction. These were diagnosed precisely in 80 (72%) and 52 patients (41.6%) respectively. The results were compared with cholangiography. The final diagnosis was established at surgery (97 cases) and fine needle aspiration cytology (28 cases). While US is an excellent screening modality in distinguishing obstructive and non-obstructive jaundice, cholangiography is still the gold standard for determining the precise anatomic level and cause of obstruction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Extrarenal Wilms' tumor.

A rare case of retroperitoneal extrarenal Wilms' tumor with an unusual presentation is reported. The tumor contained a large cystic component and mimicked ascites clinically.

Ascites↗
PubMed1988

Giant hamartoma of liver mimicking malignancy.

Two infants with mesenchymal hamartoma of the liver are reported. This lesion clinically simulates a malignant neoplasm very closely and awareness is essential to avoid unnecessary major hepatic resections. The cases were successfully treated with simple enucleation.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1987

Venous involvement in leprosy: a venographic and histopathological correlation.

Venous system involvement was studied by venography and vein histology in 30 leprosy patients irrespective of age, sex, duration of the disease, and treatment. Vascular abnormalities by venography were seen in 96.3% and by histopathological studies in 76.6% of patients. The percentage and severity of radiological and histological changes increased from tuberculoid to lepromatous in the disease spectrum. Perfect correlation of histology and venography was found in 40% of the paucibacillary patients and good correlation was found in 100%. In multibacillary patients perfect correlation was found in 29.4%, good correlation in 41.1%, and no correlation in 29.4% of the patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Jejunal interposition hepaticoduodenostomy for choledochal cyst.

Four cases of choledochal cyst with interesting modes of presentation were managed by excision of the cyst and biliary drainage by a new physiological and antireflux technique of jejunal loop interposition hepaticoduodenostomy. The advantages of this new technique over earlier practiced procedures are discussed.

Adolescent↗