Congenital hemihypertrophy with mental retardation.
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Adolescent↗
Biomedical subjects
S Kaur
Publications and source records attributed to S Kaur.
Identification of 10 murine homeobox genes.
In Drosophila a number of genes important in establishing segmentation patterns and in determining segment identities have been shown to carry the homeobox sequence. Over 30 murine homeobox genes have been cloned, many on the basis of sequence homology to Drosophila prototypes. Here we report the cloning and sequencing of 10 new and 6 previously known homeobox genes by screening a murine genomic library with a 768-fold degenerate oligonucleotide corresponding to the most conserved 8-amino acid motif in the recognition helix of the homeodomain. Eight of these new homeobox genes have been chromosomally mapped. Four genes do not belong to any of the known homeobox gene clusters but instead map to new locations on chromosome 1 (single gene) and chromosome 5 (three genes). Sequence comparisons indicate that two of these are very closely related and represent a distinct new category of homeobox genes. The remaining four mapped genes reside in previously established murine homeobox gene clusters. Specifically, two map to the cluster HOX-1 on chromosome 6 and one each to HOX-3 and HOX-4 on chromosome 15 and 2, respectively. The ratio of newly identified homeobox genes to the previously characterized murine homeobox genes suggests that there remain several uncharacterized homeobox genes in the murine genome.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Amino acid uptake as a function of differentiation in Candida albicans: studies of a non-germinative variant.
The transport of four amino acids (L-methionine, L-phenylalanine, L-lysine and L-alanine) was studied during pH-regulated dimorphism in Candida albicans and its stable, non-germinative variant. The permeases responsible for uptake responded differently to differentiation and the transport activities varied during the course of morphogenesis. An increase in uptake around the time of evagination was observed in all four amino acids in both the strains studied. The uptake rates of L-methionine and L-phenylalanine were greater in fully differentiated hyphae, while the rate of L-lysine was higher in fully differentiated buds. Uptake rates of L-alanine, however, did not show any morphotypic related variation. The possible implication of these transport activities in relation to differentiation is discussed.
Alanine↗
Selective stimulation of carboxylesterases metabolizing charged steroid esters by hydrocortisone.
We observed a remarkable augmentation in the rate of hydrolytic breakdown of HCHS following exposure to corticosteroid therapy. This underscores the need for a careful reappraisal of its dosage in long term therapy. In such an event the uncharged ester may be the preferred drug of choice.
Animals↗
Dimorphism-associated changes in plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase activity of Candida albicans.
In situ plasma membrane H(+)-ATPase activity was monitored during pH-regulated dimorphism of Candida albicans using permeabilized cells. ATPase activity was found to increase in both the bud and germ tube forming populations at 135 min which coincides with the time of evagination. Upon reaching the terminal phenotype the mycelial form exhibited higher H(+)-ATPase activity as compared to the yeast form. At the time of evagination H(+)-efflux exhibited an increase. K+ depletion resulted in attenuated ATPase activity and glucose induced H(+)-efflux. The results demonstrate that ATPase may play a regulatory role in dimorphism of C. albicans and K+ acts as a modulator.
Candida albicans↗
More dermatologic problems of musicians.
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Dermatitis, Occupational↗
Acute phase reactants in leprosy.
Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and plasma levels of fibronectin (Fn) were studied in 74 untreated leprosy patients. CRP was detected by latex agglutination in 25.6% of the patients. A significant increase in Fn levels was seen in all the groups of leprosy patients, as compared to the controls.
Acute-Phase Proteins↗
Pemphigus in children.
Six boys with pemphigus vulgaris and one boy with pemphigus foliaceus are reported. The youngest patient had onset of the disease at the age of 7 years. Three patients with pemphigus vulgaris were treated with intravenous dexamethasone pulses, while the remaining four received oral corticosteroid therapy. The prognosis in all patients was excellent.
Adolescent↗
Evaluation of minor clinical features of atopic dermatitis.
The diagnostic significance of 19 previously proposed minor features of atopic dermatitis was evaluated. The frequency of these features was studied in 50 patients with typical atopic dermatitis compared to that in 50 control subjects. The ages of all individuals ranged from 3 months to 12 years. Six of the minor features, chelitis, nipple eczema, perifollicular accentuation, white dermographism, recurrent conjunctivitis, and anterior neck folds, were encountered as often in patients as in controls. Two additional features that were of diagnostic significance were diffuse scaling of the scalp and infraauricular fissuring.
Child↗
Childhood leprosy in northern India.
During a period of eight years, 132 new leprosy cases were detected in children ages 3 to 19 years. Borderline tuberculoid leprosy was present in 59%, tuberculoid in 7.6%, and indeterminate type in 3.8% patients. Single skin lesions were seen in a significant number (43.9%) of patients. Bacillus-positive disease was detected more often (17.4%) than in adults. A high frequency (66.6%) of nerve involvement was also detected. Deformities were uncommon. Males were more often affected than females, especially in the ages 10 to 14 and 15 to 19 years. A history of contact was available in only 19.7% patients, and the contact was intrafamilial in 84.6%.
Adolescent↗
Lichen planus in childhood: a report of 17 patients.
Lichen planus is a dermatosis of unknown origin with a very limited frequency in children. Over a period of one and a half years we observed 17 cases of childhood lichen planus. The classic form of the disease as seen in adults was the most common in these children; unlike adults, however, mucosal and nail involvement was uncommon. The natural history of the disease was similar to that in adults.
Age Factors↗
Footwear dermatitis in northern India.
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Adolescent↗
Effect of nifedipine on Leishmania donovani infection in-vivo and in-vitro: chemiluminescence responses of peritoneal macrophages and neutrophils.
After peritoneal macrophages had been exposed to different concentrations of nifedipine (10-120 ng mL-1) there was a significant increase (P less than 0.001) in the percentage of Leishmania donovani infected macrophages compared with controls. Parasite load was also significantly increased (P less than 0.001) in nifedipine-treated, L. donovani infected, BALB/c mice, compared with untreated, infected mice, post-inoculation. Peak chemiluminescence responses were significantly depressed (P less than 0.001) in nifedipine-treated infected mice compared with untreated mice post-inoculation. It is suggested that availability of intracellular calcium is a factor in the defense mechanism of inflammatory cells in L. donovani infections.
Animals↗
Does Convit vaccine (BCG + Mycobacterium leprae) afford protection against biochemical changes in renal brush border membrane in experimental leprosy?
Renal functional status in Mycobacterium leprae infected mice can be best studied by examining the enzymatic status of brush border membrane vesicles from proximal convoluted tubule. The role of vaccination in modulation of the renal status brought by the disease has been studied using this technique. The characteristic marker enzymes of renal brush border membrane--namely alkaline phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase decreased significantly (p less than 0.01) in due course in M. leprae infection over a period of 9 months. The combined vaccine (BCG + M. leprae) may have a protective effect on renal abnormalities only in the initial stages of infection as indicated by a significant rise in enzymatic levels. However, no significant (p greater than 0.05) protective effect of vaccine was found in a more advanced disease state after 9 months in infected mice.
Animals↗
Epidermal calmodulin levels in psoriasis before & after therapy.
Epidermal calmodulin (CaM) levels were measured in the involved and uninvolved skin in 26 psoriasis patients before and after treatment either with dithranol topically or methotrexate orally. The mean epidermal calmodulin levels (+/- SD) in the involved and uninvolved psoriatic skin before treatment were 21.99 +/- 10.22 and 11.97 +/- 3.50 in the patients to be treated with short contact dithranol therapy (SCDT) while it was 19.46 +/- 8.13 and 11.27 +/- 7.23 in the patients to be treated with systemic methotrexate. Clearance of psoriatic lesions was associated with a significant fall (P less than 0.05) in epidermal calmodulin, activity irrespective of the treatment modality used. Also, there was a significant reduction (P less than 0.05) in the calmodulin levels in the epidermis of uninvolved skin following successful treatment.
Adolescent↗
Strategies for identification of covalent xenobiotic modifications in proteins by mass spectrometry.
The structural elucidation of covalent xenobiotic modifications in proteins is a powerful approach to identify compounds that may be responsible for genotoxic damage in humans. Many proteins, such as hemoglobin can be readily obtained in relatively large quantities. Since covalent modifications in proteins are not repaired, xenobiotic damage can accumulate over the lifetime of the protein and reveal exposure over extended time periods. Recently developed mass spectrometric methods are ideally suited to tackling protein structural problems involving covalent modifications. A variety of strategies to identify xenobiotic covalent modifications in proteins using mass spectrometry are discussed.
Amino Acid Sequence↗