PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Kemel

Publications and source records attributed to S Kemel.

8 recordsLinked to original sources

Patterns of cancer in geographic and endogamous subdivisions of the Hutterite Brethren of Canada.

The Hutterite Brethren comprise a religious isolate and live on communal agricultural farms (colonies) in North America. In 1976 there were approximately 15,000 Canadian Brethren living in 179 colonies of the three endogamous subdivisions, the Dariusleut, Lehrerleut, and Schmiedeleut. Dariusleut and Lehrerleut colonies are located in both Alberta and Saskatchewan, and the Schmiedeleut are in Manitoba. Brethren were identified on population-based cancer registries of the three Prairie Provinces and among death registrations in the vital statistics of Alberta and Saskatchewan. The method of ascertainment was by a search for the 15 contemporary surnames and verification by address. 89 male and 91 female Brethren were identified who had cancer during the period, 1956--1975. The numbers of observed cancers were less than expected from provincial incidence rates for males and females in each province. The largest deficits were for female Brethren in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. There is a marked deficiency of cancer of the uterine cervix among female Brethren. In males there is a significant deficit of lung cancer. The Hutterite way of life contributes to a low risk for cancers of smoking-associated sites. However, there is evidence that male Brethren in Alberta may be at relatively increased risk for stomach cancer and leukemias. The site distribution patterns of cancers among the three endogamous leut are similar.

Canada↗

Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Manitoba, 1968-77: the impact of chemotherapy.

Manitoba tumour registry data for patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosed between 1968 and 1977 inclusive who were given chemotherapy were reviewed. The Rappaport classification of these tumours enabled general pathologists in the province to distinguish three main prognostic groups. Combination chemotherapy improved survival significantly more than single-agent chemotherapy only for the patients with diffuse histiocytic lymphoma, not for those with diffuse poorly differentiated lymphocytic lymphoma or the more favourable histologic types of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma--diffuse well differentiated lymphocytic and nodular poorly differentiated lymphocytic. For the last two types, therefore, the more intensive chemotherapy is not justified.

Antineoplastic Agents↗

Second malignancies in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Six hundred thirty cases of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in the Tumour Registry of Manitoba spanning an 11-year period from January 1968 to December 1978 were reviewed. There were 34 cancers from 31 individuals who developed the cancer at least six months after diagnosis of NHL. There was no statistical difference in the incidence of second malignancies in this disease compared with an age-matched population in Manitoba. In particular, no cases of acute leukemia were identified.

Aged↗

The treatment resistance of lymphocyte depleted Hodgkin's disease.

Lymphocyte-depleted Hodgkin's Disease (LDHD) is a very aggressive form of cancer that presents at an advanced stage and for which no increase in overall survival has been demonstrated with the advent of multiple agent chemotherapy. All cases of Hodgkin's disease diagnosed in the Province of Manitoba between 1971 and 1977 were reviewed. Those cases identified as LDHD were reviewed by a single pathologist, and data was abstracted to obtain a clinical profile. Survival curves were constructed comparing the LDHD group to those with other types of Hodgkin's disease. The LDHD group was also compared with an earlier LDHD group treated with single agent chemotherapy in the 1960s. The LDHD group had a significantly shortened survival compared with the other histologies. This was just as significant when mixed cellularity Hodgkin's was compared with LDHD and matched for Stage B symptomatology. Furthermore, there was no difference in survival between the earlier LDHD groups treated with single agent chemotherapy and the later group treated with multiple agent chemotherapy.

Adolescent↗

Cancer mortality in a human isolate.

Cancer mortality (1965--77) among 12,652 members of an inbred human religious isolate, the Hutterites, was compared with expectations based on mortality rates for the U.S. white population in 1970. Overall, Hutterites had significantly fewer deaths from cancer than expected (P < 0.01), due primarily to fewer lung cancers among males. Smoking is prohibited for this religious group. The most frequent types of cancers were leukemia and cancers of the digestive system, the prostate gland, and the female breast. Preliminary results suggest an association between recessive alleles and childhood leukemia. More stomach and rectal cancers were observed than expected, but differences were generally not significant. Familial aggregates of cancers of the stomach and breast are being investigated. The low frequency of cervical cancer is consistent with current evidence for an association of cervical cancer with early age at first intercourse and promiscuity, neither of which is characteristic of this population.

Canada↗

Secondary malignant neoplasms in patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Retrospective analysis of 232 cases of Hodgkin's disease (HD) treated at the University of Manitoba from Jan. 1, 1965, to Dec 31, 1973, and followed up to 44.3 months disclosed five cases of secondary malignant neoplasms. Two cases of acute leukemia were discovered compared with an expected value of 0.05 in our community. All neoplasms developed in the mixed cellularity group, representing only 28% of the HD cases. Combinations of radiotherapy and chemotherapy may have increased the incidence of leukemia, but its frequency does not appear high enough to abandon combined modality treatment.

Adult↗

Physiologic observations in a controlled clinical trial of the antiemetic effectiveness of 5, 10, and 15 mg of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in cancer chemotherapy. Ophthalmologic implications.

One hundred twenty patients about to receive their first treatment with potentially nauseant cancer chemotherapy were randomized to one of six antiemetic treatments: (1) no treatment; (2) placebo; (3) prochlorperazine (PCPZ), 10 mg; (4) delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), 5 mg; (5) THC, 10 mg; (6) THC, 15 mg. Four doses of each medication were given orally at 4-hour intervals starting 2 hours before chemotherapy. A study nurse was responsible for both objective (nurse) and subjective (patient) symptom questionnaires. Serum levels were obtained at intervals for cross-reacting cannabinoids. Physiologic measurements including intraocular pressure (IOP), blood pressure, and pulmonary function were also recorded. In summary, the patients were remarkably free of adverse physiologic effects. All intraocular pressures before and after treatment were within the normal range, although a surprising statistically significant increase in IOP occurred in the group receiving 5 mg THC.

Antineoplastic Agents↗