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Biomedical subjects

S Kishore

Publications and source records attributed to S Kishore.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

Diffuse interstitial skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in type 2 diabetes.

A 58 years type 2 diabetic woman, school teacher by profession, presented with backache, neck pain and generalised weakness since last few months. Pain was mild with stiffness and neck pain was particularly associated with extension of the neck towards back. There was no focal neurological deficit on central nervous system examination. X-ray of lumbo- sacral spine showed prolific osteophytes and new bone formation in the body of lumbar vertebrae. Cervical X-ray showed 'Melting candle-wax' appearance at the anterior to the cervical vertebrae. In view of clinical and radiological association the case was diagnosed as DISH syndrome. It is being presented for its rarity.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2↗
PubMed2003

Effective detection of remote homologues by searching in sequence dataset of a protein domain fold.

Profile matching methods are commonly used in searches in protein sequence databases to detect evolutionary relationships. We describe here a sensitive protocol, which detects remote similarities by searching in a specialized database of sequences belonging to a fold. We have assessed this protocol by exploring the relationships we detect among sequences known to belong to specific folds. We find that searches within sequences adopting a fold are more effective in detecting remote similarities and evolutionary connections than searches in a database of all sequences. We also discuss the implications of using this strategy to link sequence and structure space.

Databases, Protein↗
PubMed1999

Suppressor cell activity of intestinal mucosal leucocytes from buffalo (Bubalus bubalis arni).

Suppressor activity of buffalo intestinal intraepithelial leucocytes and lamina propria leucocytes was induced by Concanavalin A, and was assayed against the mitogenic response of autologous and allogenic leucocytes to mitogens. Appreciable suppression was observed with 25 micrograms ConA/ml on the proliferative activity of the responder cells cocultured at a ratio of < 2:1 (suppressor:responder cell). Mitomycin C treatment of intestinal leucocytes did not totally vanish the viability and functionality of leucocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Trans-telephonic electrocardiographic monitoring--experience in India.

A centre for trans-telephonic electrocardiographic monitoring (TTEM) was established at the Escorts Heart Institute in May 1996. We have reviewed our experience in the first 398 patients. There were 321 males (81%) and 77 females (19%); their age range was 1 month to 95 years. Sixty-five per cent of patients were from New Delhi, while the remainder were from other cities in India and abroad. As well as follow-up of patients after discharge, the system was used for the evaluation of chest pain, palpitation, chronic angina, arrhythmias, and pacemaker implants. Out of 664 symptomatic transmissions, 510 (77%) were for cardiac symptoms like chest pain (309), palpitation (90), uneasiness (61), dizziness (28) and breathlessness (22); the other 154 (23) were for non-cardiac symptoms like stitch pain and backache (51), typical chest pain (39), weakness and fever (45), and sweating (19). The majority of patients with chest pain (84%), palpitation (78%) and dizziness (75%) transmitted their electrocardiograms within one hour of the onset of the symptoms. Out of 664 symptomatic transmissions, 531 required either reassurance or drug-dose adjustment by telephone and 97 were called to the outpatient department on an elective basis. Immediate hospitalization was advised for 36 patients, for acute management of their symptoms. TTEM was useful in avoiding 628 unnecessary visits to the hospital, while 36 patients were immediately hospitalized for acute care.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

Trans-telephonic electro-cardiographic monitoring (TTEM)--first Indian experience.

Trans-Telephonic Electro-Cardiographic Monitoring (TTEM) centre, is an easy to use tool, now freely available in India. Between May 1996 and May 1997, 398 patients were registered at Escorts Heart Alert Centre (EHAC) for TTEM; 321 (81%) males and 77(19%) females. Age range was from 1 month to 95 years 65% patients were from New Delhi; 35% from other cities in India and abroad. Patients' clinical profile were post-CABG, post-PTCA, post-MI, patients after discharge; evaluation of chest pain, palpitation, chronic angina, arrhythmias, and pace-maker follow up. Out of 664 symptomatic transmissions, 510 (77%) were for cardiac symptoms like chest pain 309 (61%); palpitation 90 (18%); uneasiness 61(12%); dizziness 28(5%) breathlessness 22(4%). 154(23%) were for non-cardiac symptoms like stitch pain and backache (51); Atypical chest pain (39); weakness and fever (45) and sweating (19). 84%, 78% and 75% patients of chest pain, palpitation and dizziness respectively transmitted their ECGs within one hour of the onset of the symptoms. Out of 664 symptomatic transmissions, 531 required either re-assurance or drug-dose adjustment on telephone. 97 were called to OPD on elective basis. 36 patients were advised immediate hospitalization, for acute management. TTEM was useful in avoiding 628 unnecessary visits to the hospital whereas 36 patients, were immediately hospitalized, for receiving acute life-saving interventions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Factors affecting the electronic communication of radiological information to an intensive-care unit.

In order to examine communication of radiological information under circumstances where rapid exchange of information was essential, we studied communication of non-routine portable chest radiographs to an intensive-care unit (ICU). Images and reports were available through the usual communication channels and through a PACS workstation in the ICU. Data were obtained to determine how quickly and by what means ICU physicians first viewed images and received radiologists' reports of chest radiographs. Peak information demand occurred within 4 h of the examination. The most rapid means of communication was for the physician to visit the radiology department. Image viewing and report receipt were tightly coupled, usually for images which were first viewed as hard copy. PACS performance suffered from unreliable film digitization and delayed report transcription. Integration of computed radiography and digital dictation into a PACS could markedly reduce the delays in ICU physicians' access to radiological information.

Efficiency, Organizational↗
PubMed1995

A methodology for the economic assessment of picture archiving and communication systems.

Most economic studies of picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) to date, including our own, have focused on the perspectives of the radiology department and its direct costs. However, many researchers have suggested additional cost savings that may accrue to the medical center as a whole through increased operational capacity, fewer lost images, rapid simultaneous access to images, and other decreases in resource utilization. We describe here an economic analysis framework we have developed to estimate these potential additional savings. Our framework is comprised of two parallel measurement methods. The first method estimates the cost of care actually delivered through online capture of charge entries from the hospital's billing computer and from the clinical practices' billing database. Multiple regression analyses will be used to model cost of care, length of stay, and other estimates of resource utilization. The second method is the observational measurement of actual resource utilization, such as technologist time, frequency and duration of film searches, and equipment utilization rates. The costs associated with changes in resource use will be estimated using wage rates and other standard economic methods. Our working hypothesis is that after controlling for the underlying clinical and demographic differences among patients, patients imaged using a PACS will have shorter lengths of stay, shorter exam performance times, and decreased costs of care. We expect the results of our analysis to explain and resolve some of the conflicting views of the cost-effectiveness of PACS.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1994

High-resolution image workstation for intensive care units.

Despite their potential for improving patient management and decreasing costs, picture archiving and communication systems (PACS) are not being absorbed rapidly into clinical practice because of their technical immaturity and because the cost-effectiveness of the technology has not been established. Workstations and archives need to be significantly improved before they can be useful. This report describes the authors' experiences with a high-resolution image workstation for a medical intensive care unit. The workstation has been designed around a standard computer platform and is equipped with two high-resolution image displays. The user interface stresses speed and simplicity. Image manipulation is simplified by providing empirical preset window and level values. Images are displayed in less than 2 seconds. The workstation also displays radiologic reports as soon as they become available. Future work will focus on using the workstation to improve communication between the physician and the radiologist.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Software suite for image archiving and retrieval.

The efficient operation of a clinical picture archiving and communication system (PACS) requires a fully functional image archive. The archive should not only be able to store and retrieve images reliably but should also work in concert with software that optimizes the flow of image-related information throughout the PACS. The authors devised a software suite that serves to improve the flow and content of information and the integrity of the data. The software was developed by translating the functions performed by a conventional film library. Types of transactions possible with this system include scheduling, canceling, rescheduling, and prestaging examinations; changing demographic information; merging patient information; and generating reports. The authors believe such a software suite is essential for a clinically useful PACS.

Data Display↗
PubMed1990

Magnetic resonance imaging simulator: a teaching tool for radiology.

The increasing use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a clinical modality has put an enormous burden on medical institutions to cost effectively teach MRI scanning techniques to technologists and physicians. Since MRI scanner time is a scarce resource, it would be ideal if the teaching could be effectively performed off-line. In order to meet this goal, the radiology Department at the University of Pennsylvania has designed and developed a Magnetic Resonance Imaging Simulator. The simulator in its current implementation mimics the General Electric Signa (General Electric Magnetic Resonance Imaging System, Milwaukee, WI) scanner's user interface for image acquisition. The design is general enough to be applied to other MRI scanners. One unique feature of the simulator is its incorporation of an image-synthesis module that permits the user to derive images for any arbitrary combination of pulsing parameters for spin-echo, gradient-echo, and inversion recovery pulse sequences. These images are computed in 5 seconds. The development platform chosen is a standard Apple Macintosh II (Apple Computer, Inc, Cupertino, CA) computer with no specialized hardware peripherals. The user interface is implemented in HyperCard (Apple Computer Inc, Cupertino, CA). All other software development including synthesis and display functions are implemented under the Macintosh Programmer's Workshop 'C' environment. The scan parameters, demographics, and images are tracked using an Oracle (Oracle Corp, Redwood Shores, CA) data base. Images are currently stored on magnetic disk but could be stored on optical media with minimal effort.

Computer Simulation↗
PubMed1989

Induction of cell mediated immune response by nonspecific stimulator of immunity against antigenically unrelated oncogenic virus (Marek's disease virus).

An enzyme treated preparation of Mycobacterium phlei (NSI), induced strong cell mediated immune response (CMIR) against specific as well as against nonspecific oncogenic Marek's disease (MDV) in birds, as evinced by Lymphocyte migration inhibition, (LMIT) lymphocyte transformation test (LT) and Lymphokine (Lymphocyte migration inhibition factor) LyIF assay. Maximum CMIR could be observed towards third week post inoculation. All the three tests exhibited a positive correlation. Such phenomenon of CMIR induction by NSI, nonspecifically to unrelated viral/cancerous diseases (MD) in birds generates hopes for immunoprevention of these maladies by utilizing such phenomenon.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1989

Nonspecific immunoprotection against Rous sarcoma tumor in chicks.

An enzyme treated preparation of saprophytic Mycobacterium phlei, referred as NSI, when administered intramuscularly has been found to protect the chicks against Rous Sarcoma Virus induced tumor. A protection level of 35.4%, 24.1% and 21.2% were observed when challenged on 10th, 20th and 30th day post NSI inoculation. The tumor growth inhibitory-activity of NSI was significant (P less than 0.01). Both, systemic and intralesional administration of NSI exhibited significant tumorostatic activity (P less than 0.05). NSI stimulated the cell mediated immune response to specific as well as to nonspecific Rous sarcoma antigen. These studies indicated the immunopreventive activity of NSI against Rous sarcoma tumor which had an immunogenic basis.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1985

Nonspecific immunostimulation against viruses.

A trypsinized preparation from chromogenic selected strain of Mycobacterium phlei (NSI) stimulated the recipient immune system non-specifically against a variety of viruses viz. Rabies virus (RNA virus). Marek's disease (DNA virus) and Foot and Mouth disease virus (RNA virus) in phylogenetically different hosts like mice, chicks and guinea pigs respectively. Investigation into mechanisms of such nonspecific immunostimulation revealed that there was induction of strong cell mediated immune response (CMIR) against both specific as well as to nonspecific viral antigens as evinced by LMIT, lymphokine (LyIF) assay and lymphocyte transformation test etc. There was induction of appreciable quantity of "Infectivity inhibiting substance(s)" (IIS) which was not the classical antibody (Ig) in the serum of NSI inoculated animals and birds. This substance(s) neutralized FMD, IBR, rabies and Newcastle disease virus in cell culture, mice and in embryonated eggs. Electrophoretic separation of the NSI induced serum revealed an increase in beta fraction of globulin.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Designing a flexible user interface for both users and programmers.

The design of a user interface for computers is examined from both the end user's and the programmer's point of view. Different methods of menu selection and user feedback are discussed. A graphics interface using pull down menus and dialog boxes is ideal for simplifying user interaction and program organization. This style of interface also provides for a modular program development environment, reduced program development time, program portability, and reduced maintenance. Software tools for programming the user interface are explored and pseudo-code examples are given.

Feedback↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Practice of prelacteal feeding in a rural community.

In India breast feeding in rural areas appears to be shaped by the health beliefs of a community, which are further influenced by social, cultural and economic factors. One of such tradition is prelacteal feeding which is widely prevalent since ancient times. The present study was aimed to find out the practice of prelacteal feeding and various factors which influence this practice. The study on analysis showed that 45% (90) mothers gave prelacteal feeds to their newborns in the form of sugar water, gur water or cow's milk. Sugar water was common amongst mothers belonging to nuclear family (49%) whereas gur water was given mostly by joint family mothers (75.70%). Parity and family type had no significant effect on this practice, however the effect of literacy was found to be significantly related to the practice.

Attitude to Health↗