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Biomedical subjects

S Kiss

Publications and source records attributed to S Kiss.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Abdominal trans-sphincter resection of the anus: new possibilities in the surgical management of deep rectal cancer, with preservation of the anal sphincter].

The last decade has brought marked changes in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer: as the indication of the sphincter-saving procedures was extended, the rate of the abdomino-perineal excision has decreased even in the case of tumours of the distal third of the rectum. However, even with the use of the modern stapling devices, the anterior resection and colo-anal anastomosis may not always be feasible by the traditional abdominal approach. In these cases the sphincter-saving resection can be performed by a particular approach, the abdomino-transsphincteric technique. The authors present this seldom used operation. From the 1-st of January 1994 to the 31-st of August 1996 14 abdomino-transsphincteric resections have been performed. The mean age of the patients was 62.2 (38-81) years. The lower edge of the tumours was situated at 6.3 (5-8) cm from the anal verge. The anastomosis was performed by the double stapling technique in 8 and by hand suture in 6 cases, its distance from the anal verge was 3.2 (3-4) cm. A colon J-pouch was used in 3 cases and a diverting colostomy was performed routinely. One patient died in the postoperative period and a reoperation (abdomino-perineal excission) was performed because of left colon necrosis: Anastomotic leakage was observed in one case. By the time of the present study, 11 patients have had their colostomies closed. The continence is acceptable in every case and all the patients experience a better subjective quality of life, than it was while wearing the colostomy. The use of this technique has helped to avoid a permanent colostomy in 21 out of 33 cases operated on for cancer of the distal rectal third in the reviewed period.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1998

The effects of lithium on a potential cycling model of bipolar disorder.

1. Although bipolar disorder constitutes a major public health problem, with a high risk of suicide and an economic cost exceeding that of unipolar depression, it has received comparatively little attention, particularly at the basic science level. Perhaps as a result of this neglect, there is currently no animal model able to simulate the cyclicity which is its defining characteristic. 2. Consequently, drug development in this area is meager and has proceeded serendipitously rather than empirically. 3. The authors have recently reported that repeated exposure to cocaine and other stressors can induce an oscillation or cycling in a host of neurochemical and physiological systems. 4. In order to test whether such cycling might be of potential relevance to bipolar disorder, the authors examined whether cocaine-induced cyclicity of amphetamine-evoked efflux of dopamine from slices of rat nucleus accumbens and striatum and/or cocaine induced oscillation of a behavior, stress-induced hypoalgesia, could be prevented by lithium, the agent of choice in treating this disease. 5. The authors report that prophylactic treatment with lithium, completely and specifically prevented oscillations in each instance. This may represent an important initial step toward the development of the first cycling model of bipolar disorder.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1997

Seasonal variations in manifestations and activity of systemic lupus erythematosus.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate a possible seasonal pattern in various clinical and laboratory manifestations in a group of systemic lupus erythamatosus (SLE) patients. One hundred and five SLE patients were followed up during a 4 yr period. Data on each of the clinical and laboratory variables examined, as well as the results of the disease activity index (SLEDAI), were plotted against the month during which they were obtained. Photosensitivity was the only variable to show a seasonal pattern, having higher scores during the summer months (1.04 +/- 0.16 in July vs 0.58 +/- 0.12 in December). We were unable to show seasonal patterns in any of the other variables examined. As a group, SLE patients do not show any significant seasonal pattern in disease manifestations and activity, except for photosensitivity. However, such a pattern may exist for the individual patient.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The effects of ethanol on striatal dopamine and frontal cortical D-[3H]aspartate efflux oscillate with repeated treatment. Relevance to individual differences in drug responsiveness.

Numerous inconsistencies in the reported effects of drugs that can be found in both the human clinical and animal experimental literatures have prompted attempts to identify the basis of this variability. Our data suggest that one source may derive from the tendency of many systems to oscillate in their response to repeated drug or stress exposure. In the first experiment a single administration of ethanol to male rats, either 2 or 30 minutes or 2 weeks before sacrifice suppressed amphetamine-induced dopamine efflux from striatal slices. However, when ethanol was given both 2 weeks and 30 minutes before sacrifice, the two treatments significantly attenuate each other's effects. In Experiment 2, the stress of a novel environment (black box) 30 minutes before sacrifice decreased fractional D-[3H]aspartate efflux from the medial frontal cortex. When a single injection of ethanol 1 week earlier was added to black box exposure, it depressed efflux still further. However, adding a third treatment (ethanol at 2 weeks and 1 week + black box at 30 minutes) significantly reversed the effects of the two treatments (ethanol + black box). When a four-treatment chain was used (ethanol at 3, 2, and 1 week + black box at 30 minutes), the attenuation of efflux was reinstated. These data complement other findings from this laboratory showing that repeated stress or drug exposure can lead to an oscillatory pattern of change in the effects of future exposures and, in this way, contribute to variability in drug responsiveness.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1995

Neurochemical and physiological effects of cocaine oscillate with sequential drug treatment: possibly a major factor in drug variability.

Variability in response to drug treatment is a poorly understood problem with severe consequences for both the individual and the health care delivery system. Our data suggest that one source of variability may be inherent in the way physiological systems normally respond to repeated drug exposures. We report that for a wide array of endpoints-amphetamine-evoked, in vitro striatal dopamine efflux, amphetamine and K(+)-evoked efflux of heart norepinephrine and nonevoked plasma levels of corticosterone and glucose-repeated, in vivo cocaine (15 mg/kg IP) administration to male rats precipitated successive oscillations in the magnitude or direction of the organism's responsiveness to subsequent cocaine administration. This capacity of cocaine to produce oscillations in response to successive administrations appears to be due to its foreign/stressful aspect rather than its specific pharmacological properties.

Amphetamine↗
PubMed1994

[Experience in the conservative management of Scheuermann disease].

Authors analyse their 233 cases of Scheuermann's disease, treated 1980 through 1990 and followed in average until the age of 18.5 years. The material is classified according to the radiological appearance. The assessment of the results was based on the decrease of the dorsal kyphosis, the change of the complaints and of the Radiograms. The efficacity of the braces used in various radiological type. The brace, resting on 3 points, is in atypical form ineffective, in classical appearance success may be expected in 30 per cent from its application. In severe cases, or cases treated only late a brace, resting on 3 points is used for the day and a Milwauke brace in the night. Its efficacity could be increased by the physiotherapeutic ceasing of the flexion contracture of the hip and shoulder and of the ischiocrural tension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Traumatic hip dislocation in childhood].

Authors describe the diagnostic and therapeutic problems of the traumatic dislocation of the hip in children and report on the experiences of their 8 cases. It is stressed that the condition of the good result in the early diagnosis and reduction. For the recognition and treatment of the late complications a 1.5-2 years follow-up of the patients is thought to be important.

Accidental Falls↗
PubMed1991

Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia.

In the recent four years, 8 cases of gastrointestinal angiodysplasia (a.d.) were observed by the authors. Analysing the conclusions drawn from the patients course of disease, they found a.d. to be the cause of an unknown gastrointestinal bleeding. a.d. can be basically diagnosed by angiography. It is often associated with liver cirrhosis or arteriostenosis. The treatment of a.d. is surgical. The recurrence and repeated appearance of bleeding can be expected even after a thoroughly performed resection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Gastrointestinal angiodysplasia].

8 cases of gastrointestinal angiodysplasia are reported. It can be stated on the analysis of these cases, that the angiodysplasia can be the cause of unexplained GI hemorrhages, and in the majority of cases the visceral angiography provides diagnostic evidence. The angiodysplasia can be observed frequently in association with liver cirrhosis and aortic valvular stenosis. Surgery is regarded as the best method of treatment. Subsequently the careful resection rebleeding and development of newer angiodysplasia can occur.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

A caliber-persistent artery of the gastric wall resulting in fatal haemorrhage.

A 12-year-old girl was admitted to hospital with haematemesis. Her family suffered from histidinaemia. Due to her numerous injuries the police suspected a crime. After a short period of clinical treatment she died. Autopsy showed the left ureter to be narrowed and a consecutive abscedens pyelonephritis. Pyloric ulcer caused erosion of a caliber-persistent artery which led to death with haemorrhage. The death had nothing to do with violence. Adequate surgical treatment could have saved the patient's life.

Arteries↗
PubMed1984

Lymphocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood of small-for-gestational age and appropriate-for-gestational age preterm neonates.

The lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated in peripheral blood of small-for-gestational age (SGA) and appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) preterm newborns. In SGA newborns the number and percentage of T lymphocytes were reduced. Among the T lymphocytes, the number and percentage of T helper cells were significantly decreased. The cytotoxic/suppressor T cells were also reduced, but to a lesser extent.

Birth Weight↗