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Biomedical subjects

S Kivity

Publications and source records attributed to S Kivity.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Combined effect of nifedipine and diltiazem on methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients.

Calcium blockers alter airway hyperreactivity. We studied the effect of either 60 mg diltiazem or 20 mg nifedipine and their combination on the airway response to methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction. Compared with placebo or diltiazem, nifedipine significantly raised the PC20. When diltiazem was given alone, it had no effect on the airway but, when given with nifedipine, it significantly raised the PC20 to methacholine. The effect was superior to any of the other treatments given. This study supports the concept of combining two different calcium blockers in the treatment of bronchial asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The benign partial nonrolandic epilepsies.

Although rolandic epilepsy is the only epileptic syndrome that, at present, fully meets all the criteria of benignity and is widely recognized as such, there are also other forms of partial epilepsy that are benign. These are also genetically determined and age-dependent, occurring in neurologically intact children older than 18 months of age. As a rule, the seizures are brief and infrequent, usually responding well to antiepileptic drugs and remitting spontaneously before adulthood. The EEG background is normal, the morphology of the spikes is typical, and they are activated by sleep; generalized spike-wave discharges may occur. During the past decade, there have been reports of a number of additional syndromes of benign partial epilepsy. These include benign occipital epilepsy (the most common in this group), benign frontal epilepsy, benign epilepsy with affective symptomatology (or benign psychomotor epilepsy), benign epilepsy with extreme somatosensory evoked potentials, benign partial epilepsy of adolescence, and benign epilepsy associated with multiple spike foci. The Landau-Kleffner syndrome is often included among the benign epilepsies. These nonrolandic benign epilepsies are described in detail, and the relevant literature is reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Olive pollen induces asthmatic response.

We provide evidence that olive pollen extract can induce asthmatic response. The pattern of airway response to olive pollen is investigated. Nineteen patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and asthma, suspected to be due to olive pollen, all of whom had positive skin-prick test, were investigated. Bronchial challenge with olive pollen extract were performed and the peak flow rate was followed for 20 hr. Eight patients developed dual asthmatic response (DAR), six patients developed early asthmatic response (EAR) and five patients had no asthmatic response. The early maximal fall in FEV1 and the PD15 were not different between the group with DAR and the group with EAR only. We conclude that olive pollen can induce dual asthmatic response.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Effect of early corticosteroid therapy for Landau-Kleffner syndrome.

Four children treated for seizures between 1980 and 1986 were diagnosed as having Landau-Kleffner syndrome (acquired aphasia with convulsive disorder), following the onset of aphasia. They received early and prolonged ACTH or corticosteroid therapy, with high initial doses. In all four cases the EEG promptly became normal, with subsequent long-lasting remission of the aphasia and improvement of seizure control. Three to six years after discontinuation of hormone therapy the children are off medication and free from seizures and language disability.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1990

A clinical and immunologic study of colchicine in asthma.

A double-blind, randomized, crossover chronic study was done to determine the efficacy of colchicine in 10 atopic patients with asthma. A constant dose of sustained-release theophylline and albuterol by inhalation, as needed, was administered. Compared to placebo, colchicine, 0.5 mg twice daily, significantly reduced the mean (+/- SEM) daily clinical score from 2.18 +/- 0.34 to 1.64 +/- 0.32 (p less than 0.05), and the daily number of inhalations of albuterol from 5.89 +/- 1.48 to 4.01 +/- 1.26 (p less than 0.02). Colchicine significantly (p less than 0.05) increased the concanavalin A-induced suppressor cell function from 16.2 +/- 4.6% to 39.0 +/- 10.7%, which was similar to healthy volunteers (41.1 +/- 3.5%). Furthermore, colchicine significantly (p less than 0.05) decreased serum IgE from 248 +/- 63 to 188 +/- 46 IU/ml. Colchicine had no significant effect on pulmonary function tests, the early phase reaction of antigen-induced bronchial inhalation challenge, and immediate skin test responses. Thus, colchicine has immunomodulatory effects that may perhaps have a mild benefit in the treatment of asthma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Systemic cold-induced urticaria--clinical and laboratory characterization.

Six patients are described with a history of cold-related urticaria in whom standard tests (water-immersion and ice-cube) did not induce symptoms. Only total-body cold exposure induced generalized urticaria. Systemic cold urticaria should, therefore, be included in the differential diagnosis of cold-dependent allergic disorders.

Cold Temperature↗
PubMed1990

Erythromycin inhibits respiratory glycoconjugate secretion from human airways in vitro.

Erythromycin and other antibiotics have been used empirically in the treatment of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We studied whether this empirical role of antibiotics might not be related to a possible direct effect on respiratory glycoconjugate (RGC) secretion. The effect of erythromycin on RGC secretion and hypersecretion was studied in an in vitro preparation of human airways that were secreting [3H]glucosamine respiratory glycoconjugate (RGC), and on a human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line secreting a glycoconjugate (tumor glycoconjugate = TGC) chemically similar to the RGC secreted by the airways. Erythromycin at 10(-5) M reduced RGC secretion by 35 +/- 4% (n = 9, p less than 0.001) in both human airways and the adenocarcinoma cells, and was increasingly active in the pharmacologic range of 10(-7) to 10(-4) M. The inhibitory effect of erythromycin was maximal within 16 h and was still evident 34 h after incubation. Erythromycin was noted to reduce both spontaneous (baseline) and stimulated RGC secretion (by histamine and methacholine) from airways in culture. The blocking effect appeared to be more selective for histamine than methacholine. These effects were not associated with any toxicity to the tissues and were not associated with the inhibition of protein synthesis. Dexamethasone also inhibited RGC release in both assay systems and exhibited dose-related effects in the physiologic ranges (10(-9) to 10(-5) M). When administered together, erythromycin and dexamethasone had an additive inhibitory effect on RGC secretion (68.0 +/- 3.0%, n = 7, p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1990

The effect of caffeine on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction.

The effect of caffeine on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction was examined in ten patients with bronchial asthma. Placebo and caffeine 3.5 mg/kg and 7 mg/kg were given two hours before exercise. Spirometry was taken at one and two hours following caffeine and at 5, 15, and 30 minutes following exercise. Caffeine significantly improved baseline FEV1 and prevented exercise-induced bronchoconstriction only at a dose of 7 mg/kg. Caffeine was well tolerated by the patients. These data suggest that only high doses of caffeine significantly prevent a postexercise drop in FEV1.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Comparison between bronchial response to inhaled hypoosmolar and isoosmolar solutions of sodium cromoglycate after exercise challenge.

The effectiveness of a sodium cromoglycate isoosmolar solution (288 mOsmol/L) versus hypoosmolar commercial solution (40 mOsmol/L) was studied in 14 asthmatic children with exercise-induced asthma. The mean FEV1 after exercise in patients pretreated with a sodium cromoglycate hypotonic solution compared with FEV1 at rest was -2% +/- 10%. The mean FEV1 after exercise in patients pretreated with an isotonic solution compared with FEV1 at rest was 3% +/- 6%. This statistically significant difference (P less than .01) proves that the effectiveness of sodium cromoglycate can be improved by raising the osmolarity to isotonic levels.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

Combined effect of inhaled verapamil and sodium cromoglycate on the airway response to hypertonic saline.

We evaluated the airway effect of inhaled verapamil by comparing it to aerosolized sodium cromoglycate. Airway hyperreactivity was assessed using inhaled hypertonic saline. Sodium cromoglycate prevented bronchoconstriction in all the patients. Inhaled verapamil induced significant bronchial constriction in two patients. The combination of verapamil with sodium cromoglycate was as effective as sodium cromoglycate. It was concluded that inhaled verapamil is not effective in preventing bronchoconstriction induced by hypertonic saline.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1990

Relationship between recurrent croup and airway hyperreactivity.

The relationship between recurrent croup and bronchial asthma was evaluated by measuring bronchial hyperreactivity (methacholine challenge), physiologic parameters of upper airway obstruction, and skin response to environmental allergens. Patients with recurrent croup (n = 10) had a significantly higher degree of airway hyperreactivity and atopy than healthy children (n = 15), but significantly less than the patients with bronchial asthma (n = 30). No physiologic signs of upper airway obstruction could be detected at rest or following methacholine. It is suggested that bronchial asthma and recurrent croup share a few characteristics.

Asthma↗
PubMed1990

Is there a change in asthma mortality in Israel?

The statistical data for asthma mortality in Israel from 1960 to 1986 are presented. From the analysis of the data it is clear that the asthma mortality rates in Israel were among the lowest reported (for the general population as well as for the 5 to 34-year age group), although a trend toward increase was seen during 1982 to 1986.

Adolescent↗