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Biomedical subjects

S Ko

Publications and source records attributed to S Ko.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Efficacy of local immunosuppression with intraportal administration of cyclosporine in liver transplantation].

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of local immunosuppression with intraportal administration of cyclosporine (CsA) in liver transplantation. Mongrel dogs weighing 12-18kg were used. Orthotopic liver transplantation was performed, and animals were divided to the following groups. Group I (n = 7): no treatment, group II (n = 7): CsA 5mg/kg/day intermittent iv, group III (n = 5): CsA 3mg/kg/day continuous iv and group IV (n = 8): CsA 3mg/kg/day continuous portal infusion. Immunosuppressive treatments were carried out for two weeks postransplant. Median survival time (MST) of group IV was significantly prolonged (MST = 18 days, range 10-85 days; p < 0.025) compared with group I (7 days, range 6-13), group II (10 days, range 7-16) and group III (7 days, range 6-10). Data of blood chemical analyses showed that hepatic dysfunction was significantly diminished in group IV compared with other groups (p < 0.05). Blood concentration of CsA on the 5th day (mean +/- SEM) was significantly lower in group IV (238 +/- 22ng/ml) than in group III (438 +/- 113ng/ml). Histologic findings showed that rejection reaction was effectively suppressed in group IV, although SG2M% (mean +/- SEM) of peripheral mononuclear cells of group IV (10.6 +/- 3.3%) was equal to that of group III (11.3 +/- 1.7%). In conclusion, local immunosuppression could achieve prominent effect in preventing hepatic graft rejection with limited systemic immunosuppression.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

A program to measure new energetic particle nuclear interaction cross sections.

The Transport Collaboration, consisting of researchers from institutions in France, Germany, Italy and the USA, has established a program to make new measurements of nuclear interaction cross sections for heavy projectiles (Z > or = 2) in targets of liquid H2, He and heavier materials. Such cross sections directly affect calculations of galactic and solar cosmic ray transport through matter and are needed for accurate radiation hazard assessment. To date, the collaboration has obtained data using the LBL Bevalac HISS facility with 20 projectiles from 4He to 58Ni in the energy range 393-910 MeV/nucleon. Preliminary results from the analysis of these data are presented here and compared to other measurements and to cross section prediction formulae.

Cosmic Radiation↗
PubMed1993

Twin pregnancies in the second trimester in women in an alpha-fetoprotein screening program: sonographic evaluation and outcome.

OBJECTIVE: We correlated sonographic findings with fetal outcomes in women with unsuspected twin pregnancies who had sonography in the second trimester as part of a screening program for maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) level and history of neural tube defect. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 97 women with twin pregnancies who participated in a screening program for MSAFP level and history of neural tube defect. Seventy-three had normal MSAFP levels, 21 had elevated MSAFP levels, and two had low MSAFP levels. One patient had a family history of anencephaly. All 97 patients had sonography during their second trimester of pregnancy. Sonographic findings were reviewed retrospectively for information on gestational age, fetal anomalies, sex of the fetus, location of the placenta, presence and thickness of a dividing membrane, and interpretation of amnionicity and chorionicity. Information on fetal outcome included gestational age at delivery, survival, birth weight, sex, congenital anomalies, obstetric complications, amnionicity, chorionicity, and placental abnormalities. RESULTS: Amnionicity and chorionicity were correctly detected on sonograms in 44 (90%) of 49 diamniotic-dichorionic gestations, 23 (72%) of 32 diamniotic-monochorionic gestations, and two (50%) of four monoamniotic-monochorionic gestations. Fetal anomalies were present at delivery in five neonates and had been correctly detected at sonography in one (hemivertebra); one fetus with duodenal atresia had abnormal sonographic findings in the third trimester. Missed anomalies included absent forearm, cleft lip and palate, and imperforate anus. Sex of the fetuses was correctly predicted on the basis of sonographic findings in 40 of 43 pairs. Nine twin pairs had possible twin-twin transfusion syndrome suspected sonographically on the basis of abnormal fluid volumes, discrepant growth measurements, and abnormal findings on Doppler studies. Outcomes included two confirmed cases of the syndrome (two survivors, two deaths) and three probable cases (six deaths); four pregnancies resulted in eight survivors who were delivered after 34.4 weeks' gestation and had birth weights in the 25th percentile or higher. Survival rates for diamniotic-dichorionic, diamniotic-monochorionic, and monoamniotic-monochorionic gestations were 90%, 91%, and 50%, respectively. Fetuses in women with MSAFP levels greater than 4.5 multiples of the median and with monochorionic placentation had lower survival rates than fetuses in women with normal MSAFP levels and monochorionic placentation (67% vs 96%). Half the fetuses delivered after 20 weeks' gestation had birth-weight discordance of less than 10%. Premature deliveries occurred in 56% of pregnancies. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that (1) sonography is useful in predicting placentation, (2) placentation may be helpful in predicting fetal outcome, (3) increased MSAFP levels correlate with increased perinatal mortality in diamniotic-monochorionic pregnancies, and (4) caution should be taken in diagnosing and determining prognosis for suspected twin-twin transfusion syndrome in the second trimester.

Amnion↗
PubMed1992

[Therapeutic application of Nd-YAG laser treatment for the chest surgery area].

Laser therapy is now a well-established procedure and an accepted method of treatment in thoracic surgery. Therefore, using Nd-YAG laser (Model Md-50 Y) at hospital, we had discussed for the technique and its indication of laser therapeutic application against chest diseases. The following results were obtained; 1) The first object of endoscopic laser therapy is to keep the normal air-way from tracheobronchial stenosis or its bleeding as fast as possible. 2) As this laser techniques are not only the quick expansion of the residual lung but also relative absence of air-leak and blood loss, they are indicated for open lung biopsy or partial resection of metastatic lung tumors, particularly in patients with poor pulmonary function. 3) In conjunction with standard surgical technique of chest surgery, this laser treatment provides numerous other possibilities which facilitate the achievement of the therapeutic goal of surgical operation on the lungs.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Hirschsprung's disease associated with intestinal malrotation in an adult and a review of literature].

A 19-year-old woman was admitted to our clinic because of abdominal distention and severe constipation from infancy. Barium enema revealed a grossly dilated descending colon in the right of the abdomen. At laparotomy, with diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease associated with non-obstructing intestinal malrotation (non-rotation type), division of the adhesion between caecum and duodenum, and modified Duhamel's procedure were performed. The association of Hirschsprung's disease and intestinal malrotation is rare, and to date only 20 infantile case have been reported. The present case would be the first adult case.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Allergen skin tests to insects, chironomid, caddis fly and silkworm moth, in patients with nasal allergy].

The present study was undertaken to assess the importance of insects as allergens causing nasal allergy. We performed intradermal skin tests with extracts from three insects, chironomid, caddis fly, and silkworm moth, on patients with nasal allergy and on volunteers among medical students. Twenty-two (27.5%) of 80 nasal allergic patients showed positive reactions to chironomid allergen and 9 (11.3%) had positive reactions to caddis fly allergen and 18 (22.5%) to silkworm moth allergen. These positive rates were as frequent as those to Candida or ragweed. Medical students were divided into two groups, symptomatic and asymptomatic, according to the presence or the absence of nasal allergy. Three (11.5%) of 26 symptomatic group showed positive reactions to chironomid and one (3.8%) to caddis fly and 5 (19.2%) to silkworm moth. While even 4 (8.3%) of 48 asymptomatic group showed positive reactions to chironomid, 2 (4.8%) to caddis fly, and 6 (12.5%) to silkworm moth. These results suggested that these insects, chironomid, caddis fly, and silkworm moth, are relatively common than we expected and suspected as important allergens in nasal allergy.

Adolescent↗