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S Kodaira

Publications and source records attributed to S Kodaira.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

Vascular anatomy for right colon lymphadenectomy.

Since the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) mostly originates on the left side of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV), the ileocolic artery (ICA) and the right colic artery (RCA) cross the SMV. Understanding the three-dimensional relation of these vessels is important for dissecting these arteries to their origin. Hence, we conducted a study of the vascular anatomy of the right colon in 27 cadavers. The RCA was separate from the SMA in eight cases (30%). The RCA passed the SMV either anteriorly (5 cases, 63%) or posteriorly (3 cases, 38%). In seven (88%) of these eight cases, the ICA was posterior to the SMV. The ICA was identified in all 27 cases, and passed the SMV anteriorly in nine cases (33%) and posteriorly in 18 cases (67%). Thus, the ICA and the RCA may pass on either side of the SMV. The surgeon must dissect the arteries with the SMV, being aware of both possibilities.

Aged↗
PubMed2001

Induction of hyporesponsiveness to fully allogeneic cardiac grafts by intratracheal delivery of alloantigen.

BACKGROUND: Soluble protein delivered through the mucosal surface can induce immunological unresponsiveness. The purpose of this study was to determine if prior exposure to alloantigen via the trachea could modulate the immune response to subsequent cardiac allografts. METHODS: Hearts from C57BL/10(H2b) mice were transplanted into CBA(H2k) recipients. Recipient mice were given donor 1x10(7) splenocytes into the trachea with or without antibody specific for mouse CD80 (1G10) and/or CD86 (GL1) (100 microg each) 7 days before transplantation. RESULTS: All grafts survived in recipients treated with intratracheal delivery of alloantigen for over 35 days (mean survival time [MST], 56 days), whereas naive control mice and mice treated with syngeneic antigen rejected grafts acutely (MST, 8 and 7 days, respectively). Interestingly, when 1G10, GL1, or both of them were combined with the protocol, the majority of grafts were rejected within 21 days after grafting (MST, 7, 15, and 17 days, respectively). CONCLUSION: Intratracheal delivery of alloantigen induced significantly prolonged survival of fully mismatched cardiac allografts and the effect was abrogated by the blockade CD80 and/or CD86 pathway.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Oral delivery of xeno-antigen combined with non-depleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody induces significantly prolonged survival of concordant skin xenograft.

Oral administration can induce unresponsiveness to protein antigens. Therefore, we examined whether oral administration of xeno-antigen could induce the prolonged survival of xenogeneic skin grafts. CBA mice were given 1 x 10(7) SD rat splenocytes orally, 7 days before transplantation of a SD rat skin in the presence or absence of a non-depleting anti-CD4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) (YTS177, 200 microg/dose, 8 and 7 days relative to transplantation). All skin grafts survived with a median survival time (MST) of 62 days when xeno-antigens were administered orally in combination with anti-CD4 mAb. Mice treated with anti-CD4 mAb alone or oral administration of xeno-antigen alone induced modest prolonged survival of rat skin grafts (MST = 18 and 19 days, respectively) while naive mice rejected rat skin acutely (MST= 12 days). Oral administration alone or combined with anti-CD4 mAb reduced the level of xeno-antibody production compared with that in untreated mice after transplantation. Xenogeneic mixed leukocyte response was reduced when splenocytes from mice pre-treated with oral administration of xenogeneic cells were used as the responder compared with that in untreated mice. Oral delivery of xeno-antigen plus non-depleting anti-CD4 mAb can induce prolongation of concordant xenogeneic skin grafts.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2001

Clinical significance of tissue blood flow during esophagectomy by laser Doppler flowmetry.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to investigate the effect of tissue blood flow on the incidence of anastomotic leakage during esophagectomy. METHODS: Reconstruction was done with a gastric tube, and all cases involved cervical anastomosis. Tissue blood flow of 43 patients was measured with a laser Doppler flowmeter before emplacement and after anastomosis during surgical intervention. The reconstruction route and tissue blood flow before emplacement and that after anastomosis were analyzed as possible factors influencing anastomotic leakage. RESULTS: Tissue blood flow after anastomosis with leakage was 9.1 +/- 2.0 mL/min per 100 g, and that without leakage was 13.7 +/- 2.9 mL/min per 100 g. Tissue blood flow with leakage was significantly lower than that without leakage (P <.01, unpaired t test). Twenty-one patients had tissue blood flow after anastomosis of greater than 13 mL/min per 100 g, and none of them had leakage, whereas 5 patients had blood flow of less than 10 mL/min per 100 g, and all 5 had leakage. CONCLUSION: Tissue blood flow can be an important and useful indicator of the presence of current anastomotic leakage. Low tissue blood flow after anastomosis may mediate for appropriate surgical or pharmacologic interventions to detect, localize, and counteract leakage.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed2000

Subducted seamount imaged in the rupture zone of the 1946 nankaido earthquake

The Nankai Trough is a vigorous subduction zone where large earthquakes have been recorded since the seventh century, with a recurrence time of 100 to 200 years. The 1946 Nankaido earthquake was unusual, with a rupture zone estimated from long-period geodetic data that was more than twice as large as that derived from shorter period seismic data. In the center of this earthquake rupture zone, we used densely deployed ocean bottom seismographs to detect a subducted seamount 13 kilometers thick by 50 kilometers wide at a depth of 10 kilometers. We propose that this seamount might work as a barrier inhibiting brittle seismogenic rupture.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Recent trends in diverticulosis of the right colon in Japan: retrospective review in a regional hospital.

PURPOSE: Diverticulosis of the right colon has been increasing in the Far East; however, a considerable proportion of these patients includes cases of solitary right-sided diverticular disease. This study aimed to determine whether the incidence of such solitary diverticula (defined as 1 or 2 diverticula in this study) and multiple (3 or more) diverticula of the right colon is increasing in Japan. METHODS: A total of 13,947 consecutive barium enema examinations, performed in the period from 1982 to 1997, were reviewed. Changes in the frequency (detection rate) and number of diverticula across time and with aging of three types of diverticula, right-sided, left-sided, and bilateral, were investigated, with special interest in those patients with one or two diverticula of the right colon. RESULTS: Right-sided and bilateral diverticula have increased in frequency across time; however, left-sided diverticula have not. Patients with one or two diverticula in the right colon of right-sided disease, unexpectedly, have increased across time in both genders, and patients with three or more diverticula in the right colon of right-sided disease have shown an increase in males. The number of diverticula of the right colon showed no increase across time or with aging. CONCLUSIONS: Diverticulosis of the right colon, both solitary and multiple, has been increasing steadily in Japan; therefore, diverticulitis and bleeding diverticula of the right colon may continue to increase. Diverticula of the right colon might be an acquired disease and self-limiting in development, because the frequency did not increase substantially in the elderly and because the number changed little across time and with aging.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

Vascular anatomy of gracilis muscle: arterial findings to enhance graciloplasty.

Dynamic graciloplasty has recently been developed for reconstruction of anal function in patients who are fecally incontinent in preference to permanent abdominal colostomy. Since the muscular portion of gracilis is wrapped around the neoanus, the length of the gracilis arc influences the functional outcome of graciloplasty. Although dissection of the main pedicle (i.e. the main artery and vein) can facilitate gracilis to have enough muscle arc, it has been unclear whether there are any vessels proximal to the main pedicle or through the origin of the muscle which could support blood flow into the whole of gracilis. In this study, the vascular anatomy of gracilis in both legs of 26 Japanese cadavers was examined. All muscles had a main pedicle, mean maximum diameter 1.08 mm, entering at the proximal one-third of the muscle. However, only 18 muscles (34.6%) had an accessory artery in the proximal portion in addition to the main pedicle. Some arteries always exist at the origin of the muscle, having a mean maximum diameter of 0.34 mm, suggesting that they might be able to support the whole gracilis without supply from the main pedicle.

Female↗