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Biomedical subjects

S Kostić

Publications and source records attributed to S Kostić.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

[The effect of alphacalcidol on calcium and phosphate metabolism in patients treated with hemodialysis].

The purpose of these studies was to assess the effect of 6 month calcidol treatment on Ca and PO4 metabolism in haemodialyzed patients. During 3 and 6 month on alpha calcidol therapy, there was significant increase of total and ionized Ca (p < 0.05; p < 0.01 respectively). After 6 months on alpha calcidol therapy there was significant decrease of alkaline phosphatase level (p < 0.05) and increase in bone density (up to 82%, p < 0.05). The study has shown that appropriate use of alpha calcidol could be effective in treatment of Ca and PO4 disbalance in haemodialyzed patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Anatomic and physiologic characteristics of the peritoneal cavity with reference to peritoneal dialysis].

Most common complications of peritoneal dialysis are those related to anatomic defect of the abdominal wall and peritoneum. The aim of this investigation was to examine the frequency of congenital and acquired wall defects in patients on CAPD treatment causing complications. Fifty patients, 32 women and 18 men, on CAPD treatment for more than two years, were investigated. Most common was a defect in the anterior-lateral abdominal wall predisposing to hernias in 14% of patients. Umbilical and pericatheteral hernias were more common than other, with a mean time of 21 months for the appearance. Persistence of vaginal process of peritoneum related to scrotal oedema was documented in 4% of patients. Communication of peritoneal cavity with the abdominal ostium of tuba uterina was found not to be an important factor for peritonitis.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Our protocol in the treatment of peritonitis in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis].

Peritonitis is a very serious complication in patients treated by CAPD. The frequent and grave episodes are the main cause for CAPD withdrawal. The effective prevention and adequate therapy of peritonitis are very important for a successful CAPD treatment. The aim of this study was to present our results of peritonitis therapy in CAPD patients using the following protocol: Vancomycin 1.0 g.i.p. immediately after the admission to the unit, 250 mg Ceftriaxon (Longaceph) after a bag exchange for seven days, and the 1.0 g Vancomycin. Using this protocol we treated 97 peritonitis episodes; 74 of them (80%) were treated successfully by this antibiotics combination. The clearness of peritoneal fluid was attained 1-3 days within 56.7% of cases, and 4-6 days within the 29.7% peritonitis episodes (86.4%). A common cause of peritonitis was Staphylococcus epidermidis episodes (28.4%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.5%), and in 39.1% episodes the cultures were sterile. Uneffective antibiotic application according to this protocol was found in cases of pseudomonas and fungal peritonitis. The mentioned antibiotic therapy had no effect in a small number of peritonitides provoked by S. epidermidis (8.7%) and S. aureus (13.0%) This required the application of a third antibiotic. It could be concluded that this antibiotic combination in treatment of peritonitis in patients on CAPD was very effective.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The effect of frequent peritonitis on parameters of efficacy of peritoneal dialysis].

The estimation of CAPD efficacy presents a complex problem in the patients treated by this method. The most important parameters are: clinical indications, biochemical parameters, Kt/v, PCT, PET indexes, and others. Numerous factors may influence CAPD efficacy. Peritonitis, particularly the frequent episodes, significantly affects permeability and ultrafiltration capacity of the peritoneal membrane. The aim of this paper is to investigate the peritonitis incidence and its influence on some parameters of CAPD efficacy. Forty-four CAPD patients of both sexes, aged 55.7 +/- 13.5 yrs, dialysis duration 19.6 +/- 15 months, were studied. The influence of peritonitis incidence was studied using urea, creatinine, hemoglobin, hematocrit parameters and K t/v, PET indexes. Statistically significant low K t/v values were found in the patients who had four or more peritonitis episodes. Our results, as well as those in the literature, indicate that frequent peritonitis episodes significantly decrease the peritoneal membrane permeability.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Design, synthesis and properties of several heterocyclic dopaminergic ligands.

Two series of non-catechol dopamine (DA) bioisosteres with the hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring replaced by N-H groups were synthesized using phenethylamine as a parent molecule. Compounds from the first series (1-9) contained a primary amine group, while those from the second one (10-19) had a N,N-di-propylamino group introduced into the side chain of the phenethylamine. The affinity and selectivity of these compounds for the D-1 and D-2 subtypes of the DA receptor were determined in competition binding assays using synaptosomal membranes from bovine caudate nuclei and [3H]SCH 23390 (D-1 selective) and [3H]spiperone (D-2 selective) as radioligands. None of the 19 compounds examined expressed significant affinity for D-1 receptors, while compounds 15, 17 and 19, in this order of potency, strongly competed with [3H]spiperone binding to D-2 receptors under conditions that prevented radioligand binding to serotonin 5HT2 receptors. Varying affinities of the compounds examined for the DA receptors can be ascribed to different acidity of the N-H groups introduced at meta- and para-positions of the phenethylamine molecule.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Chronic biofiltration therapy.

Long-term follow-up evaluation of biofiltration treatment in 7 patients is presented. These patients experienced frequent episodes of hypotension during acetate hemodialysis. A 3-year biofiltration treatment reduced by 43% episodes of symptomatic hypotension and produced a significant increase in the pretreatment pH and plasma bicarbonate levels. The beta 2-microglobulin level was significantly reduced during biofiltration therapy. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures slightly increased during biofiltration. Uremic polyneuropathy, as demonstrated by an increase in motor nerve conduction velocity, slightly improved. The patients reported increased comfort during biofiltration therapy.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1993

Beta 2-microglobulin elimination in end-stage renal disease patients on renal replacement therapy.

beta 2-microglobulin (beta 2M) is a small molecular mass protein associated with dialysis amyloidosis. We have studied beta 2M elimination in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients treated by peritoneal dialysis. In 12 patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 7 patients on intermittent peritoneal dialysis (IPD) 30.4 +/- 4.2 mg/day and 21.3 +/- 1.8 mg/12 hour of beta 2M, respectively, were removed by dialysis fluid. Approximately the same amount of beta 2M was removed by each of four 2-L exchanges in CAPD; however, the most efficient removal of beta 2M was in the first IPD exchange. Serum beta 2M levels in these patients were 25.7 +/- 4.4 and 31.4 +/- 5.2 mg/L, respectively. In 24 patients on hemodialysis using cuprophan membrane the serum level of beta 2M was 55.1 +/- 4.1 mg/L. After a 3-month dialysis on polyacrylonitrile (PAN) membrane, the serum beta 2M level decreased to 45.0 +/- 2.3 mg/L. A substantial amount of beta 2M was removed by urine, 14.6 +/- 2.3 mg/L, and saliva, 2.3 +/- 0.4 mg/L. This study has shown markedly increased beta 2M levels in patients on conventional hemodialysis treatment, predisposing to beta 2M-related amyloidosis. A significant amount of beta 2M was removed during both CAPD and IPD treatment.

Creatinine↗
PubMed1989

The effect of parathyroid hormone and 1,25 (OH)2D3 on nerve conductance in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

In 30 uremic patients on chronic maintenance hemodialysis the sensory and motor fiber conduction and the motor distal latency were measured in the left tibial nerve, in order to evaluate if a correlation between their values and the serum IPTH or 1.25(OH)2D3 can be found. The sensory and motor fiber conduction velocities were found to be significantly lower in hemodialysis patients than in a group of healthy controls. The motor distal latency time did not differ significantly from that found in healthy persons. A markedly increased serum C-terminal and mid-region (44-68) iPTH, and a very low serum 1.25(OH)2D3 were found in uremic patients. Regression analyses demonstrated the significant negative correlations between the serum C-terminal iPTH and the sensory (r = -0.441, p less than 0.05) and motor nerve (r -0.471, p less than 0.01) conduction velocities. A significant positive correlation between serum 1.25(OH)2D3 levels and the motor distal latency time was also observed (r = 0.3639, p less than 0.05). The results obtained suggest a role of the increased concentration of IPTH fragments in the development of uremic polyneuropathy. A significant decrease of 1.25(OH)2D3 obviously has no negative effect upon the nerve conductance in patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Adult↗