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Biomedical subjects

S Kowalewski

Publications and source records attributed to S Kowalewski.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Relative changes in oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin and intracranial blood volume during surfactant replacement therapy in infants with respiratory distress syndrome.

Oxy-, deoxyhemoglobin and total blood volume were studied by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during surfactant replacement therapy. These parameters were compared with parameters watched during conventional noninvasive monitoring (pulseoximetry, transcutaneous pO2 and pCO2, heart rate). Seven premature infants (28 +/- 3 weeks of gestation, 940 g birth weight) were given surfactant intratracheally. Immediately after surfactant administration, oxyhemoglobin decreased, deoxyhemoglobin and total blood volume increased. The prior status was re-established after 60-220 s and then oxyhemoglobin increased to a very stable maximum. NIRS allows continuous bedside noninvasive monitoring of all parameters.

Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous↗
PubMed1989

[Megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis syndrome: A neuropathy?].

2 cases of megacystis microcolon intestinal hypoperistalsis are presented. A female newborn was capable of being fed completely enterally after three months. Laparotomy was not performed. A male newborn was subjected to laparotomy after 3 days and an ileal stoma was applied. The infant died after 6 months of complete parenteral feeding without any peristalsis having been initiated. Biopsies of the colon and small intestine of the patient showed normal HE staining findings. Histochemical examination revealed type B neuronal dysplasia with neuronal hypogenesis. The findings of 27 cases described in the literature are discussed with special reference to the histological findings of the intestinal wall.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1988

Lissencephaly.

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Cerebral Cortex↗
PubMed1987

[Cystic hygroma of the neck and non-immunologic hydrops fetalis].

Fetal cystic hygromas are a manifestation of early lymphatic obstruction. They are mostly associated with nonimmune hydrops fetalis. They often occur in a number of chromosome abnormalities (Turner syndrome and Down syndrome). We report on a prenatally detected case with nuchal cystic hygroma and nonimmune hydrops fetalis without chromosome aberration and without further major malformations. Postnatally hygroma and hydrops regressed.

Ascites↗
PubMed1987

[Clinical and etiopathogenetic aspects of lissencephaly type II syndrome].

Two cases of lissencephaly syndrome type II are reported. Lissencephaly (smooth brain) is caused by a disorder of neuronal migration resulting in connatal hydrocephalus and lack of gyri as well as developmental abnormalities of the eye and muscles. Embryological relationships between these malformations and clinical appearances are described.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1986

[Cerebro-oculo-muscular syndrome].

The case of a newborn with COMS is reported. The patient presented hydrocephalus, malformations of the eye and congenital myopathy. Typical pathological changes are interpreted as belonging to type II lissencephaly. Relationships to other similar but not identical syndromes are discussed.

Brain↗
PubMed1986

[Intraventricular cerebral hemorrhage in the fetus as a cause of congenital hydrocephalus. A contribution to the origin of congenital hydrocephalus].

Three newborns with posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus after fetal cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage are presented. In all 3 patients hydrocephalus internus was already prenatally diagnosed. Cerebral ultrasound postnatally performed revealed findings of old cerebral intraventricular hemorrhage. Severe factor VIII deficiency was found in one of the patients. The possible connexion of fetal intraventricular hemorrhage with coagulopathy of the fetus has not yet been defined.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1981

[Follow-up pre-term newborns with birth weight of less than 1500 grams now aged between 1-7 years (author's transl)].

43 pre-term newborns with birth weight of less than 1,500 grams who had been admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Department of Pediatrics of the University Clinic, Bonn, between 1971 and 1977, were reexamined on age between 1-7 years. A severe neurological handicap (hemiplegia with mental retardation) was present in only one child. There was no child with convulsions. Signs of minor cerebral dysfunction were present in five children. Developmental retardation of mild degree was observed in eight children. 28 children were entirely normal. Our results are in accordance with the encouraging reports of other recent authors concerning the improving long-term prognosis of very-low-birth-weight pre-term infants.

Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity↗
PubMed1976

[Different caloric intake in 75 "low birth weights": effect on weight gain, blood sugar, serum protein, and serum bilirubin (author's transl)].

A prospective study on oral feeding was started in 75 low birth weights (below 2500 g) with adapted milk. Early feeding was given in two groups with different feeding volume and caloric intake. The infants were grouped alternately. Both groups were comparable concerning birth weight, gestational age, and intrauterine growth. Due to partially different variances, covariate correction was applied to analysis of the data. The high caloric group had excellent weight gain, the maximum weight loss was less, and birth weight was regained earlier than in the control group. Blood sugar and serum protein were similar in both groups. Mean serum bilirubin levels were lower in the group with high caloric intake, but differences failed to be significant. Early high caloric feeding was well tolerated and is preferable to parenteral nutrition in low birth weights.

Bilirubin↗
PubMed1975

Glycolytic enzymes in the normal human term placenta.

The enzymes hexokinase (HK), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), pyruvate kinase (PK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were assayed in villous tissue homogenates and cell fractions of normal human term placentas. Although lowest in activity and probably rate limiting in glycolysis, hexokinase is theoretically adequate to phosphorylate the total amount of glucose metabolized. PGM and PK activity were in the same range exceeding HK by 10-15 times, suggesting a largely increased breakdown of glycogen-derived glucose in situations of need. Substantially higher LDH activities may reflect the placental ability to utilize lactate from both mother and fetus. Of all enzymes only hexokinase was found to be associated with the particulate matter in considerable amounts.

Female↗
PubMed1975

[Congenital chylous ascites. Case reports and review of 51 recorded cases (author's transl)].

A case of a nearly 3-year old girl with chylous ascites in neonatal period is reported. Repeated paracentesis were performed and the child was treated with a low fat diet. After time of 8 weeks ascites did not recur. It is purposed, that there was an abdominal lymphdysplasia. The 51 cases in the reviewed literature are analyzed in terms of symptoms, treatment, etiology and prognosis. It is suggested, that congenital chylous ascites should be treated conservative at first.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1975

[Persisting ductus arteriosus botalli in a new-born with the hyaline membrane syndrome (author's transl)].

The case of a female premature (1410 g/46 cm) with severe respiratory distress syndrome is presented, which after initial improvement of the hyaline membrane disease developed the typical clinical findings of a persistent ductus arteriosus with severe congestive heart failure. As pharmacologic treatment failed to improve the condition, after a heart catheterisation the surgical ligation of the persistent ductus was necessary. The frequence of occurence, the symptomatology and the indication for surgical treatment of the persistent ductus arteriosus following respiratory distress syndrome in the premature infant are discussed.

Cardiac Catheterization↗
PubMed1975

[Segmental hypoplasia of the kidney (author's transl)].

A case of a 12-year-old girl with renal segmental hypoplasia and hypertension is reported. At first treatment was conservative. After increasing of hypertension nephrectomy of the right hypoplastic kidney with vesicoureteral reflux was performed. This procedure influenced hypertension well, but renal failure increased. The value of treatment is discussed.

Child↗