PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

S Kramer

Publications and source records attributed to S Kramer.

At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

The effect of delta-aminolevulinic acid on the synthesis and metabolism of GABA in rabbit brain homogenates.

The porphyrin precursor delta-aminolevulinic acid (delta-ALA) is a structural analogue of the putative amino acid neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This study has demonstrated that delta-ALA has no effect on glutamate decarboxylase activity and only a small inhibitory effect of GABA aminotransferase activity. This would suggest that if accumulation of delta-ALA is related to development of the acute attack of porphyria, it is not via an effect on GABA synthesis and metabolism.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Randomized preoperative and postoperative radiation therapy for patients with carcinoma of the head and neck: preliminary report.

Two hundred and ninety-eight patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, supraglottic larynx, hypopharynx or maxillary sinus have been randomized for preoperative radiation therapy and surgery vs. surgery and postoperative radiation therapy plus, in the case of patients with lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx, radical radiation therapy. Data have been analyzed on 243 patients in this interim report. The differences between the three groups with respect to local control and survival are not statistically significant at this time. Additional accrual and continued follow-up are necessary to make definite treatment comparisons.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1980

Adjuvant "sandwich" radiation therapy for bladder cancer.

Preliminary results of a study using a new concept of adjuvant "sandwich" radiotherapy in bladder cancer are presented. In this approach low-dose preoperative irradiation (500 rads) is delivered prior to cystectomy, and then on the basis of histopathologic staging patients with superficial tumors (Stage A and B) are followed with no further treatment; patients with deeply invasive tumors (Stage B, Grade III or IV, B2 or C) are treated with high-dose postoperative irradiation (4,500 rads in five weeks); and patients with advanced or metastatic disease (Stage D) are treated palliatively. Eighteen patients were treated with this approach, and all patients have been followed for at least one year. Sixteen (89 per cent) are alive with no evidence of tumor. One patient died of distant metastasis, and 1 patient died of peritonitis without evidence of disease. Since recurrence is known to develop in 50 per cent of patients within the first year after treatment, the low rate of failure obtained using this approach of adjuvant "sandwich" radiotherapy with a minimum follow-up of one year appears to be promising. This approach ideally balances the risk versus benefit ratio of adjuvant therapy sparing patients with superficial tumors from unnecessary treatment while treating patients with more advanced disease aggressively.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1980

Irradiation as the primary management of stage I and II adenocarcinoma of the breast: analysis of the RTOG breast registry.

The radiation therapy oncology group, a 36-member national study group, has collected, by means of a registry, 234 patients treated with primary irradiation for UICC Stage I and II adenocarcinoma of the breast. Analysis of these patients has revealed a 5-year actuarial survival rate of 83% for Stage I and 68% for Stage II. The local-regional failure rate for all 234 patients was 8.5% (20/234), and 16.6% (17/102) for those patients followed for a minimum of 3 years. The local failure rate for T1 tumors was negligible, being 1.7% (2/117), regardless of whether or not complete excision of tumor was performed prior to irradiation. For T2 tumors, the local failure rate was 9.7% (9/93) if there was preirradiation tumor excision, but increased to 29.2% (7/24) if the preirradiation surgery was limited to incisional or needle biopsy only. There were six severe complications (2.6%), and all of these were cases of breast fibrosis. There were 14 other complications but these were judged to be of only mild to moderate severity. Eighty-four percent of the patients had an acceptable cosmetic result with either no difference or only a mild to moderate difference between the treated and untreated breast.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1980

Porphyria variegata.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase↗
PubMed1979

Long term follow-up of combination chemotherapy-radiotherapy of stage III Hodgkin's disease: a Cancer and Acute Leukemia Group B study.

The Cancer and Acute Leukemia Group B studied the effect of combination chemotherapy-radiotherapy on Stage III Hodgkin's disease. Chemotherapy consisting of 4 weekly doses of vinblastine and one dose of mechlorethamine hydrochloride was followed by no therapy (CT), radiation to involved fields (CTIF) or total nodal radiation (CTTN). Two other treatment arms included total nodal radiation alone (TN) or total nodal radiation followed by chemotherapy (TNCT). Maximum follow-up is ten years. Complete remission percentages were 36 (8/22) for CT, 71 (17/24) for CTIF, 100 (21/21) for CTTN, 86 (19/22) for TNCT and 89 (16/18) for TN. Disease-free survival in patients receiving radiation +/- chemotherapy is 23% (19/73) at 5 years, but even after 9 years relapses were observed in two patients. Forty-one percent of all patients are alive and 32% have survived for five years. Ability to administer adequate therapy was the main determined for response duration and survival. Factors influencing the outcome of the disease include histology, age, splenectomy, initial white blood cell count and performance status, whereas symptomatology, initial absolute lymphocyte count and sex played no role on survival.

Adult↗